Gasification method of shock chilling type pulp or powder carbonaceous material

Abstract

The invention discloses a gasification method of chilling slurry or powdery carbonic material. The method mainly consists of four technologies which are gasification in opposed multi-burner type, primary purification of synthetic gas, heat recovery and the treatment and recycling of black water, wherein, a gasification furnace is the core device of the method in the gasification process, which is provided with at least two pairs of opposed burners in uniform distribution and realizes the full gasification of the material under the operation pressure of 3-8 MPaG and the operation temperature of below 1200 DEG C-1700 DEG C. The invention has the following advantages: the carbon conversion rate in the gasification furnace is up to more than 90 percent, the effective gas content during slurry feeding is more than 84 percent and the effective content during powdery feeding is more than 90 percent; the ash content of the synthetic gas after primary purification is low, which can be lowered to below 1 mg / Nm<3>, thus having better water-gas ratio, i.e. the volume ratio of steam / synthetic gas (dry basis) is 1.3-1.5 / 1; the heat of the black water is totally recovered, the quality of ash water after purification is good and no fouling and clogging phenomena occur; the energy consumption, the oxygen consumption and the water consumption of the whole gasification process are relatively low, thus being capable of realizing long period stable operation with high efficiency.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a gasification method for carbonaceous materials, in particular to a gasification method for chilled slurry or powder carbonaceous materials. Background technique [0002] Coal gasification technology is one of the core technologies of clean coal conversion and the industrial basis of coal chemical process. The gasifiers have been fixed bed (20s of last century), fluidized bed (30s of last century) and entrained bed recently. Entrained bed gasification technology has become the mainstream direction of coal gasification technology development because of its wide range of coal types, high gasification temperature and pressure, and easy scale-up. Internationally representative entrained entrained gasification technologies mainly include GE (formerly Texaco, U.S. pat. 4,637,823, 4,527997, 5,281,243) gasification technology and Global E- Gas gasification technology, Shell (U.S.pat.4,799,356) gasification technology, Prenflo gasifi...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Since the prior art adopts the gasification process of cooling the high-temperature syngas by waste heat boiler, the moisture content in the syngas exiting the gasification device is low, and for chemical synthesis, it is often necessary to transform the syngas into H-rich 2 gas, which requires adding a large amount of water vapor to the syngas to complete the shift reaction. The steam produced by the waste heat boiler is sent to the subsequent shift unit, which needs to be reheated to carry out the shift reaction. It can be seen that the use of waste heat boiler cooling High-temperature synthesis gas does not help to reduce the overall energy consumption of chemical synthesis systems, on the contrary, it makes the gasification device a large investment and complex equipment

[0004] Existing gasification processes that use water quenching to cool high-temperature synthetic gas, such as the GE coal-water slurry gasification process, have the following main defects: the conversion rate of carbon is low, only 94-95%, and the effective gas composition is low , when coal slurry is used as raw material, its CO+H 2 78-81%; the separation effect of slag water and gas in the washing and cooling chamber of the gasifier is poor, the entrainment of gray water is serious, and the liquid level is difficult to control; the ash content of the syngas exiting the gasification device is high, which seriously affects the subsequent conversion unit. Catalyst life; gray water is poor in quality, easy to scale and block, affecting the long-term operation of the gasification system

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