Process and device for industrial production of carbon nanofiber

Abstract

The invention relates to a process and equipment for preparing carbon nanofiber. A liquid-state or gas-state hydrocarbon is taken as a carbon source, and the carbon source is one or the mixture of aromatic heavy oil, residual oil, coal tar, mixed benzene, coal pitch, coke oven gas, anthracene oil, naphthalene oil, carbolic oil, CH4, C2H2 or toluene. The process comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing the carbon source and a catalyst in a static mixer according to a certain proportion; spraying under a high pressure by using a honeycomb duct and introducing into a cracking reaction furnace; performing a cracking reaction at the material flow speed of between 1,000 <3>h<-1> and 3,000 m<3>h<-1> at the temperature of between 1,000 DEG C and 1,400 DEG C under the pressure of between0.5 MPA and 3.0 MPA so as to obtain carbon nanofiber; separating gas from solid by using a cyclone separator; and recycling hot air stream for preheating raw materials so as to save energy. The diameter of the prepared carbon nanofiber can be between 20 nanometers and 100 nanometers, the length is between 300 nanometers and 5 microns, and the content of fiber in a product is up to 90 percent. In a method, gas-state and liquid-state carbon-containing hydrocarbons are taken as the carbon source, so that carbon source is very rich, and price is low. The invention has the characteristics that: the method is safe and easy and is easy to realize industrial production, price is low, carbon source transformation rate is high, and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a process method and device for producing and preparing nano-carbon fibers, in particular to a process method and device for large-scale batch production of nano-carbon fibers using a gas phase method. In the method, a reactive carbon source and a carrier gas containing hydrocarbons are introduced. More specifically, the present invention provides a method for preparing carbon nanofibers and related devices, as well as carbon nanofibers obtained by the method. The process includes continuously introducing carbon source and carrier gas into a specific reactor. Therefore, the present invention has high reproducibility and can realize industrial application. Background technique [0002] With the in-depth research on nano-carbon materials, it is found that nano-carbon materials have a very wide range of application values, especially carbon fibers are more widely used in military, aerospace and sports equipment and other fields. ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The above patents mainly use coal tar pitch as the raw material, ferrocene as the catalyst, argon or hydrogen as the protective gas, and use electric heating to prepare nano-carbon fibers in a heat-insulated reactor. The reaction temperature is usually around 600-1200°C, and the energy consumption Huge, and heat energy cannot be recycled

In addition, the reactor is relatively large, which makes the design difficult and cannot be continuously produced

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