Short-flow environment-friendly degumming and bleaching method for hemp fibers

Abstract

The invention relates to a short-flow environment-friendly degumming and bleaching method for hemp fibers. The method is characterized by performing one-bath degumming and bleaching on hemp bast by adopting a deep oxidation principle and utilizing materials such as a nano-clay preparation, hydrogen peroxide and the like. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) performing impurity-removing washing on the hemp bast for 1 to 3 times by using recycled washing water; 2) performing temperature-rising washing on the hemp bast for 1 to 3 times by using the recycled water again; 3) performing the one-bath degumming and bleaching on the hemp bast by using 3 to 4 g/l nano-clay preparation, 3 to 4 g/l sodium hudroxide, 1 to 2 g/l sodium carbonate and 5 to 10 g/l hydrogen peroxide; 4) washing with water after performing the one-bath degumming and bleaching; and 5) processing the hemp bast into ramie cotton blended yarns after shaking hemp, curing and drying. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that: the processes of embossing the hemp and beating the hemp are saved by adopting a deep oxidation method; the production flow is shortened; and the water dosage is greatly reduced; 2) the whiteness and the softness are high; and 3) the chemical oxygen demand (COD) value of the process waste water is low.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of hemp degumming and bleaching, in particular to a short-process and environmentally friendly degumming and bleaching method for hemp fibers. Background technique [0002] Traditional hemp processing methods generally include processes such as biological degumming, chemical degumming, kneading, and beating. The biological degumming production process is short, but there are problems such as unstable enzyme activity of the strain, poor strain adaptability, weak anti-bacteria ability, low efficiency, and difficult control of the process. The quality of degumming between batches varies greatly, and the quality stability is poor. It must be supplemented by chemical degumming to meet the requirements of the subsequent process. [0003] The commonly used chemical degumming process includes: two cooking and one bleaching method, two cooking and one bleaching and one scouring method, after scouring, it needs to go through p...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The biological degumming production process is short, but there are problems such as unstable enzyme activity of the strain, poor strain adaptability, weak anti-bacteria ability, low efficiency, and difficult control of the process. The quality of degumming between batches varies greatly, and the quality stability is poor. It must be supplemented by chemical degumming to meet the requirements of the subsequent process.

[0003] The commonly used chemical degumming process includes: two cooking and one bleaching method, two cooking and one bleaching and one scouring method, after scouring, it needs to go through processes such as scorching and hemp beating, the process is long, especially the disc degumming machine consumes a lot of water, Each ton of hemp needs 500-600 tons of water, and the production cost is high. The improved continuous fiber-separating washing machine uses about 100 tons of water for one wash. The quality cannot meet the requirements after the first wash, and a second wash is required, plus scouring and bleaching. The water consumption exceeds 300 tons, and the produced fibers still have a lot of lignin. After being woven into fabrics, they need to be bleached and processed according to the hemp process, which consumes a lot of energy costs such as water and steam, and the production cost is high. The treated sewage Contains harmful chemical components such as sodium hypochlorite and sodium chlorite. The COD value is generally greater than 4000, which is very easy to pollute the environment, and the processing time is long, so it is not easy to recycle.