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Method for preparing fluffy superfine fibers

An ultra-fine fiber and fluffy technology, which is applied in the field of preparation of fluffy ultra-fine fibers, can solve the problems of high local fiber content, inability to distribute uniformly, and reduced thermal insulation performance, and achieves short production cycle, improved thermal insulation effect, and convenience. The effect of mass production

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-07-11
NAT UNIV OF DEFENSE TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the prepared fibers are all in the form of fiber bundles, fabrics, yarns, felts, mats, tapes, papers, etc., and it is difficult to evenly distribute the fibers in various substrates such as resins, metals, and ceramics; As a heat insulation material, felt must use a large amount of ultrafine fibers to fill the heat insulation layer, which greatly increases the overall mass of the component, improves the solid thermal conductivity, and cannot be evenly distributed in the heat insulation layer, and the local fiber content is high. reduce thermal insulation performance

Method used

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  • Method for preparing fluffy superfine fibers
  • Method for preparing fluffy superfine fibers
  • Method for preparing fluffy superfine fibers

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] In this embodiment, the electrospinning method is single-needle electrospinning, and the receiver used is a cuboid receiver without a cover. The electrode connection method is to connect the high-voltage positive pole to the receiver, and the negative pole to the spinneret.

[0023] The cover cuboid receiver of this embodiment is made like this:

[0024] refer to figure 1 : a non-conductive rectangular parallelepiped (a) is made from a hard paper shell; a conductive sheet 5 is pasted on its bottom 4, and the conductive sheet is an iron sheet; 10 to 100 small holes 1 are chiseled at the bottom of the iron sheet, and the diameter of the hole is 0.1~10mm; select 5 of the holes to place the conductor 2 with the tip, the tip conductor is an iron nail, and the arrangement of the holes is as follows figure 1 (b). Wire 3 is used to connect between the tip conductor and the conductive sheet.

[0025] The steps of the specific process are as follows:

[0026] (1) Pretreatmen...

Embodiment 2

[0035] refer to figure 2 and image 3 :

[0036] In this example, multi-needle electrospinning is adopted, and the receiver used is a multi-column receiver. The electrode connection method is to connect the high-voltage positive pole to the spinneret, and the negative pole to the receiver.

[0037] In the multi-column receiver, 20 to 50 rectangular parallelepiped columns 6 of 1 to 15 cm in length and length, which are cut from polyurethane foam, are fixed in disorder on aluminum foil 7 of 68×58 cm, and then the aluminum foil is fixed on the multi-needle electrospinning On the rotating cylinder 12 of the wire machine. During electrospinning, the syringe 9 filled with the spinning solution is fixed on the insulating plate 8, the spinning solution is sprayed out from the needle 10, and a jet 11 is formed under the action of a high-voltage electric field force, and finally, the prepared fibrils are collected in a multi-column shape. on the receiver.

[0038] The step of conc...

Embodiment 3

[0043] In this embodiment, single-needle electrospinning is adopted, and the cuboid receiver with the cover removed is used for collection. The electrode connection mode is the same as that in Example 1.

[0044] The cuboid without the cover is made of a conductor, and no conductive sheet is pasted on the bottom of the cuboid.

[0045] The conductor is a barbed wire net with a diameter of 0.1-0.3mm; the mesh is square with a side length of 2mm.

[0046] The specific experimental procedure is the same as that in Example 1, except that during electrospinning, the inner diameter of the needle used is 1.5 mm, and the voltage used is 25 kV; during air pre-oxidation, the heating rate is 5° C. / min.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing fluffy superfine fibers. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) pretreating a precursor; (2) preparing spinning solution; (3) carrying out electrostatic spinning; (4) carrying out air preoxidation; and (5) sintering at high temperature, wherein the electrostatic spinning in the step (3) is carried out by adopting a single-needle electrostatic spinning machine or a multi-needle electrostatic spinning machine; a fiber receiver adopted by the method is a multi-post receiver or a rectangular receiver with a cover removed; and the filling power of the obtained superfine fibers is 10<-4>-10<-1>g / cm. In the invention, the prepared fibers are fluffy by designing spatial structure of a receiver, appearance, holes and spatial arrangement of appendage; and centralized collection on the fluffy fibers is realized. The fluffy fibers can greatly improve mechanical property and heat insulation effect of composite material such as aerogel, thusbeing an ideal reinforcement; when the fluffy fibers are independently used as heat insulation material, less fluffy fibers can be used for being uniformly distributed in a heat insulation layer, andthe effects of light weight and heat insulation are achieved; and the fluffy fiber has a wide application prospect in the field of heat insulation material.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of materials; in particular, it relates to a method for preparing fluffy superfine fibers. Background technique [0002] The ultra-large specific surface area and submicron / nano-scale diameter of ultrafine fibers make them have many special properties, such as high temperature resistance, low thermal conductivity, good electrical conductivity, etc. Therefore, they are widely used in aerospace, military, sports, and medicine and other fields. Especially in the field of thermal insulation materials, thermal insulation composite materials prepared by using ultrafine fibers as reinforcements, such as ultrafine fiber reinforced airgel composite materials, have greatly improved mechanical properties and thermal insulation properties. There are many methods for preparing ultrafine fibers. Taking the preparation of ultrafine carbon fibers as an example, there are mainly matrix method, spray method, vapor phase growth method ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): D01F9/22D01F9/10D01D5/00
Inventor 王应德王兵
Owner NAT UNIV OF DEFENSE TECH
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