Scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill

A compound drill bit technology, which is applied in the direction of drill bits, drilling equipment, earthwork drilling, etc., can solve the problems of shortening the service life of drill bits, poor wear balance of cutting teeth, and PDC teeth falling out of the bottom of the well, so as to improve the efficiency of impact rock breaking , to avoid rapid wear, to avoid the effect of adverse effects

Active Publication Date: 2012-09-19
SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The tri-cone bit mainly breaks rocks in the form of crushing (the teeth are pressed into the rock to cause the rock to break), which is applicable to a wide range of formations, but the energy utilization rate is not high, and the rock breaking efficiency is relatively low.
Especially when drilling in deep formations, under the action of high-density drilling fluid, the cuttings holding effect at the bottom of the well is very obvious. It is difficult for the teeth to press into the formation and form effective fragmentation, and the mechanical penetration rate of the drill bit is greatly limited.
Low bearing life is one of the main factors restricting the service life of tricone bits
The tri-cone bit requires a large drilling pressure to ensure a high rock-breaking efficiency, so the load amplitude of the bearing is high. At the same time, the working principle of the teeth on the cone alternately breaking the rock will inevitably lead to axial or longitudinal vibration of the bit, and a relatively large amplitude. bearing load fluctuations
The main disadvantages of the PDC bit are: first, when the strength or hardness of the rock is high, it is difficult for the PDC teeth to eat into the rock to form effective scraping, especially when the PDC teeth are worn out, it is even more difficult for the teeth to enter the formation. The drilling speed of the drill bit will decrease sharply
Third, the wear rate of the PDC teeth on different radial areas of the PDC bit is significantly different. Generally, the wear rate of the cutting teeth in the outer area of ​​the drill bit (especially t...

Method used

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  • Scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill
  • Scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill
  • Scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0068] Such as Figure 1 to Figure 4 , Figure 10 , Figure 17 and Figure 23 As shown, a scraping-impact composite drill bit includes a drill body 1, on which a fixed cutting structure 2, an impact cutting structure 3 and a hydraulic structure composed of a flow channel 41 and a nozzle 42 are arranged, and the fixed cutting structure 2 Including fixed cutting teeth 21, the impact cutting structure 3 includes a force transmission mechanism 32 for transmitting impact force and an impact cutting tooth 31, the force transmission mechanism 32 includes a punch 321, a dowel bar 322 and an anvil body 323, and the impact cutting tooth 31 is consolidated On the punch 321 at the end of the force transmission mechanism 32, the punch 321 can slide relative to the drill body 1 in the impact force transmission direction. The composite drill bit does not include an impact mechanism, but has three fixed blades 22 and three sets of impact cutting units, and the fixed blades 22 and punches 321...

Embodiment 2

[0070] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference is that there are two dowel bars in one or each impact cutting unit, and the two dowel bars have different motion laws and have relative motions between each other, wherein One dowel (one) 3221 is fixedly connected with the punch 321, the other dowel (two) 3222 is hinged with the anvil 323, and the two dowels are connected by a hinge (such as Figure 5 and Figure 18 shown). When the punch 321 is far away from the center of the drill bit and the included angle between the impact direction and the axis of the drill bit is relatively large, it is easier to realize the conversion of the impact direction and the transmission of the impact force by using two dowel bars hinged to each other. Anvil body centralizing sleeve 324 is provided between anvil body 323 and drill body 1 (as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown), or directly process a surface on the anvil body 323 that forms a gap fit with the inner hole ...

Embodiment 3

[0072] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, and the difference is that the composite drill bit has 2 fixed blades 22, 2 sets of impact cutting units, and the fixed blades 22 and punches 321 are arranged alternately (such as Figure 8 shown). The use of fewer fixed blades and impact cutting units facilitates the downsizing of the drill bit and facilitates the application of composite drill bits in slim holes.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill which belongs to the field of rock breaking tools for drilling equipment in petroleum and gas, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology, hydrology and the like. The scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill comprises a drill body and a fixed cutting structure solidified on the drill body, wherein the drill body is also provided with an impacting-cutting structure; the impacting-cutting structure comprises a force transferring mechanism for transferring impact force, and impacting-cutting teeth; the impacting-cutting teeth are solidified on a punch at the tail end of the force transferring mechanism; and the punch can slide or do sliding impact relative to the drill body in the impact force transferring direction. Compared with the conventional PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) drill, the scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill is beneficial to the drilling into stratum of the cutting teeth, improving the rock breaking efficiency and slowing the abrasion of the cutting teeth; and especially, the scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill has obvious technology advantages when being used for drilling the high-strength and strong-abrasiveness strata difficult to drill.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of rock-breaking tools used for drilling equipment such as petroleum and natural gas, mining engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology, and hydrology. Background technique [0002] The drill bit is a rock-breaking tool used in drilling engineering to break rock and form a wellbore. Conventional drill bits used in drilling engineering today mainly include three-cone drill bits, polycrystalline diamond compact drill bits (ie, PDC drill bits) and punching drill bits (also known as rotary punching bits or drill bits). [0003] The tri-cone bit mainly breaks rock in the form of crushing (the teeth press into the rock to break the rock). It is applicable to a wide range of formations, but the energy utilization rate is not high, and the rock breaking efficiency is relatively low. Especially when drilling in deep formations, under the action of high-density drilling fluid, the cuttings holding effec...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): E21B10/36E21B10/43E21B10/46
CPCE21B10/36E21B10/55
Inventor 杨迎新陈炼林敏包泽军陈世彬石擎天
Owner SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIV
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