Composite fibre membrane with unidirectional water permeable performance and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite fibre membrane with an unidirectional water permeable performance and a preparation method of the composite fibre membrane, belonging to the field of functional micron / nano composite fibre materials; the composite fibre membrane is composed of a two-layer structure; a hydrophile layer is a nano-scale fibre membrane composed of hydrophile polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate, polyacrylate and the like; fibre diameter is 100-800nm; thickness is 25-35 microns; a lyophobic layer is the micron-scale fibre membrane composed of lyophobic polymers such as polyurethane, polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate or polycaprolactone and the like; thickness is 5-10 microns; and fibre diameter is1.0-3.0 microns. The composite fibre membrane can be controlled by regulating technical parameters and has hydrophile / lyophobic differences and an excellent directional water permeable performance; and the preparation method is characterized by simple operation, low energy consumption, high efficiency and is widely used for fields of perspiring-type waterproof dress materials, fuel cell electrolyte membranes, unidirectional liquid transmission and separation and the like.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of functional micro-nano composite fiber materials, in particular to a composite fiber membrane with unidirectional water permeability and a preparation method thereof Background technique

[0002] The unidirectional transport of liquid is essential in many physiological and physical processes, such as the perspiration of organisms, the liquid transport of cell membranes, the desalination of seawater, the directional flow of liquid on both sides of the electrolyte membrane in fuel cells, etc. In recent years, liquid unidirectional transport has received more and more attention and research. Utilizing the difference in surface wettability of materials, the directional transport of liquid can be realized without the action of external field (such as force, heat, light, electric field). Fluid, sewage treatment and other fields have application value. At present, there are relatively few preparations and studies on unid...

Examples

preparation example Construction

[0028]A preparation method of a composite fiber membrane with unidirectional water permeability proposed by the present invention adopts electrospinning technology, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 1. Preparation of spinning solution: Dissolve analytically pure polymer A in solvent A at room temperature at 20-25°C, and stir until polymer A is completely dissolved to obtain an electrospinning solution of polymer A. The resulting solution The mass of polymer A is 10-30%. Dissolve analytically pure polymer B in solvent B at room temperature of 20-25°C, stir well until the polymer is completely dissolved, and obtain an electrospinning solution of polymer B. The obtained solution contains polymer B in a mass fraction of 10~ 35%.

[0030] The polymer A is analytically pure granular or powdered polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate or polyacrylate and the like. Polymer B is analytically pure granular or powdered polyurethane, polystyrene, polymethyl metha...

Embodiment 1

[0038] This implementation proposes a composite fiber membrane with unidirectional water permeability. The fiber membrane is composed of a two-layer structure tightly combined and seamlessly connected with a difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic. The hydrophilic layer is a nanoscale fiber membrane composed of polyvinyl alcohol. , the fibrous membrane is composed of randomly arranged nano-scale fibers interlaced, showing a typical network shape of non-woven fabric, with a thickness of 25 μm, and the fiber diameter of polymer A in the fiber membrane is 300 nm. The hydrophobic layer is a micron-scale fiber membrane composed of polyurethane. The fiber membrane is composed of randomly arranged micron-scale fibers interlaced, showing a typical network shape of non-woven fabric. The thickness of the fiber membrane is 5 μm. The fiber diameter of B is 1.0 μm. The composite fiber membrane has a hydrophilic / hydrophobic difference, and has a special one-way water permeability. Wa...

Embodiment 2

[0045] This embodiment proposes a composite fiber membrane with unidirectional water permeability. The fiber membrane is composed of a two-layer structure tightly combined and seamlessly connected with a difference in hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. The hydrophilic layer is nano-scale fibers composed of polyvinyl alcohol. Membrane, the fiber membrane is composed of randomly arranged nano-scale fibers interlaced, showing a typical network shape of non-woven fabric, with a thickness of 35 μm, and the fiber diameter of polyvinyl alcohol in the fiber membrane is 800nm. The hydrophobic layer is a micron-scale fiber membrane composed of polyurethane. The fiber membrane is composed of randomly arranged micron-scale fibers interlaced, showing a typical network shape of non-woven fabric. The thickness of the fiber membrane is 5 μm, and the polyurethane in the fiber membrane The fiber diameter is 3.0 μm. The composite fiber membrane has a hydrophilic / hydrophobic difference, and has a...

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of functional micro-nano composite fiber materials, in particular to a composite fiber membrane with unidirectional water permeability and a preparation method thereof Background technique

[0002] The unidirectional transport of liquid is essential in many physiological and physical processes, such as the perspiration of organisms, the liquid transport of cell membranes, the desalination of seawater, the directional flow of liquid on both sides of the electrolyte membrane in fuel cells, etc. In recent years, liquid unidirectional transport has received more and more attention and research. Utilizing the difference in surface wettability of materials, the directional transport of liquid can be realized without the action of external field (such as force, heat, light, electric field). Fluid, sewage treatment and other fields have application value. At present, there are relatively few preparations and studies on unid...

Examples

preparation example Construction

[0028]A preparation method of a composite fiber membrane with unidirectional water permeability proposed by the present invention adopts electrospinning technology, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 1. Preparation of spinning solution: Dissolve analytically pure polymer A in solvent A at room temperature at 20-25°C, and stir until polymer A is completely dissolved to obtain an electrospinning solution of polymer A. The resulting solution The mass of polymer A is 10-30%. Dissolve analytically pure polymer B in solvent B at room temperature of 20-25°C, stir well until the polymer is completely dissolved, and obtain an electrospinning solution of polymer B. The obtained solution contains polymer B in a mass fraction of 10~ 35%.

[0030] The polymer A is analytically pure granular or powdered polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate or polyacrylate and the like. Polymer B is analytically pure granular or powdered polyurethane, polystyrene, polymethyl metha...

Embodiment 1

[0038] This implementation proposes a composite fiber membrane with unidirectional water permeability. The fiber membrane is composed of a two-layer structure tightly combined and seamlessly connected with a difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic. The hydrophilic layer is a nanoscale fiber membrane composed of polyvinyl alcohol. , the fibrous membrane is composed of randomly arranged nano-scale fibers interlaced, showing a typical network shape of non-woven fabric, with a thickness of 25 μm, and the fiber diameter of polymer A in the fiber membrane is 300 nm. The hydrophobic layer is a micron-scale fiber membrane composed of polyurethane. The fiber membrane is composed of randomly arranged micron-scale fibers interlaced, showing a typical network shape of non-woven fabric. The thickness of the fiber membrane is 5 μm. The fiber diameter of B is 1.0 μm. The composite fiber membrane has a hydrophilic / hydrophobic difference, and has a special one-way water permeability. Wa...

Embodiment 2

[0045] This embodiment proposes a composite fiber membrane with unidirectional water permeability. The fiber membrane is composed of a two-layer structure tightly combined and seamlessly connected with a difference in hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. The hydrophilic layer is nano-scale fibers composed of polyvinyl alcohol. Membrane, the fiber membrane is composed of randomly arranged nano-scale fibers interlaced, showing a typical network shape of non-woven fabric, with a thickness of 35 μm, and the fiber diameter of polyvinyl alcohol in the fiber membrane is 800nm. The hydrophobic layer is a micron-scale fiber membrane composed of polyurethane. The fiber membrane is composed of randomly arranged micron-scale fibers interlaced, showing a typical network shape of non-woven fabric. The thickness of the fiber membrane is 5 μm, and the polyurethane in the fiber membrane The fiber diameter is 3.0 μm. The composite fiber membrane has a hydrophilic / hydrophobic difference, and has a...

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