High temperature-resistant and heat insulating sandwich structure composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a high temperature-resistant and heat insulating sandwich structure composite material and a preparation method thereof. The high temperature-resistant and heat insulating sandwich structure composite material is composed of an upper surface layer, a core layer, and a lower surface layer. The core layer is a high temperature-resistant fiber reinforced aerogel composite material, and the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer are both a high temperature-resistant fiber reinforced high temperature-resistant resin composite material. The thickness of the core layer is 3-200mm, and the thickness of the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer is 0.1-5.0mm respectively. The invention also includes a preparation method of the high temperature-resistant and heat insulating sandwich structure composite material. The high temperature-resistant and heat insulating sandwich structure composite material provided in the invention has the advantages of good high temperature resistance, low thermal conductivity, as well as good heat insulation effect. At the same time, with greatly improved strength and toughness and substantially reduced molding process difficulty, the high temperature-resistant and heat insulating sandwich structure composite material can be better suitable for aerospace and other fields.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating sandwich structure composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] High-speed aircraft fly at high speed and for a long time in the atmosphere, and the external temperature of its fuselage exceeds 200°C, and some parts reach 400°C. In order to prevent high temperature damage to internal equipment, it must be made of high-efficiency heat-insulating materials. [0003] Traditional heat insulation materials such as polyurethane foam have good heat insulation effect at room temperature, but the temperature resistance is generally lower than 200°C, and it is difficult to meet the temperature resistance requirements. [0004] The use of ceramic insulation tiles by the U.S. space shuttle played an important role, but it has inherent low toughness (generally 1-5MPa×m1 / 2), low strength (generally less than 5MPa), and high thermal conductivity (generally gre...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Traditional polyurethane foam and other heat insulation materials have good heat insulation effect at room temperature, but the temperature resistance is generally lower than 200°C, and it is difficult to meet the temperature resistance requirements

[0004] The use of ceramic insulation tiles by the U.S. space shuttle played an important role, but it has inherent low toughness (generally 1-5MPa×m1 / 2), low strength (generally less than 5MPa), and high thermal conductivity (generally greater than 0.06W / m×k) and the small area of ​​a single piece (generally 200×200mm), it cannot well meet the high-reliability and high-efficiency requirements of large-area heat insulation for high-speed aircraft, and the price is very expensive

The low toughness of ceramic heat insulating tiles makes it easy to produce brittle damage during production, transportation, installation and flight, and there are great safety hazards; low strength is also one of the important factors for the damage of ceramic heat insulating tiles; brittleness increases the strength, and it is easy It leads to stress failure between the rigid ceramic tile and the bonding matrix, which is an important factor for the small area of ​​the rigid ceramic tile; the small area of ​​the single piece makes the installation more difficult, and leaves many difficult-to-handle gaps; Rigid ceramic tiles have high thermal conductivity, which will inevitably increase the thickness of ceramic tiles and reduce the effective volume and payload of the aircraft

[0005] The airgel composite material developed in recent years has a good heat insulation effect, and the temperature resistance is greater than 400°C, but the strength of the material is not high, and it is not resistant to erosion, so it cannot be directly used for external heat insulation