Preparation method of p-type dye sensitization battery

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a p-type dye sensitization battery, and belongs to the fields of material preparation and solar cells. The method comprises the following steps that a fine and dense micro-nano structure is formed on a nickel sheet by femtosecond laser, then the structure is oxidized at high temperature in the air, and a dense nickle protoxide (NiO) layer is formed on the nickle sheet; the p-type dye sensitization battery is prepared by combining an ultra-thin dense alumina (Al2O3) passivation layer; because the specific surface area of the micro-nano structure on the surface of the nickle sheet is very large, the absorbed dye quantity is increased; and in addition, because the NiO layer is directly oxidized on the nickle sheet, the NiO layer and the nickle sheet are contacted tightly, the NiO layer does not crack and the transmission of a current carrier to an electrode is good. Furthermore, when the ultra-thin (thinner than 1nm) Al2O3 passivation layer reduces the charge recombination on the NiO surface, because only several atomic layers exist, the quantum tunneling effect is significant, and the impact on the electrical transmission is small.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of a P-type dye-sensitized battery, belonging to the fields of material preparation and solar cells. Background technique [0002] Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have been widely studied due to their advantages of simple preparation, low cost and high efficiency; although n -type DSCs (with n- type semiconductor as a dye carrier) conversion efficiency ( n ) has reached 12%, but it is still far below the theoretical efficiency of 30%; pn-type DSCs can break through the conversion efficiency of traditional n-type DSCs. The voltage is theoretically n- type and p-type DSCs open circuit voltage, the short-circuit current depends on the photoanode and photocathode current minimum, so the photoanode and photocathode are required to match the photocurrent in value; in p-type DSCs, p-type semiconductor electrode On the one hand, as a carrier of dye, it plays the role of adsorbing dye, and on the other hand, i...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have been widely studied due to their advantages of simple preparation, low cost and high efficiency; although n-type DSCs (with The conversion efficiency (η) of n--type semiconductor as a dye carrier) has reached 12%, but it is still far below the theoretical efficiency of 30%; pn-type DSCs can break through The conversion efficiency of traditional n-type DSCs, the pn-type DSCs structure is inside the battery, the photoanode and photocathode are connected in series, and its open circuit voltage is theoretically the sum of the open circuit voltages of n- and p-type DSCs, The short-circuit current depends on the smallest current of the photoanode and photocathode, so the photocurrents generated by the photoanode and photocathode are required to match in value; On the other hand, it plays the role of collecting holes; at present, the short-circuit current of p-type DSCs is generally too small to match that of n-type DSCs, resulting in a relatively low efficiency of pn-type DSCs, which is pn-type DSCs. The key problem of p-type DSCs, the significance of developing p-type dye-sensitized solar cells is to combine them with n-type DSCs to make pn-type DSCs with high theoretical conversion efficiency

[0003] At present, p-type DSCs commonly use nickel oxide (NiO) to make p-type semiconductor electrodes. The preparation methods of NiO electrodes for DSCs can be roughly divided into physical methods and chemical methods. Type: (1) physical method, generally make a slurry containing nickel compound first, then coat / deposit the slurry on conductive glass, and calcinate at high temperature in air to obtain NiO electrode, or prepare NiO thin film by sputtering method; (2 ) chemical method, in-situ deposition of nickel compounds on conductive glass by hydrothermal method, and high-temperature calcination in air to obtain NiO electrodes; the current problem in the preparation of nickel oxide electrodes is how to obtain dense NiO films with a certain thickness, so that Improve the adsorption capacity of dyes, and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy studies have shown that hole injection from dye to NiO is an ultra-fast process, however, the speed of hole return (from NiO to dye) is also very fast, Such a fast return speed reduces the separation efficiency of charges. In order to improve the separation efficiency of charges, on the one hand, it is necessary to increase the injection rate of holes, and on the other hand, it is necessary to reduce the return rate of holes.

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