Method for extracting cerium (IV) from sulfur phosphorus mixed acid system and preparing cerous phosphate nano material

Abstract

The invention provides a method for extracting cerium (IV) from a sulfur phosphorus mixed acid system and preparing a cerous phosphate nano material. The method comprises a step of extracting cerium (IV) from the sulfur phosphorus mixed acid system to obtain an organic phase loading cerium (IV) by taking bifunctional ionic liquid as an extracting agent and n-heptane as a diluting agent, wherein the sulfur phosphorus mixed acid system comprises cerium (IV) ions, and the bifunctional ionic liquid is one or more of bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphonic acid trialkyl methyl ammonium, 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester trialkyl methyl ammonium and phosphonic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester trialkyl methyl ammonium. In the method, the bifunctional ionic liquid has stronger extracting power and high selectivity to cerium (IV), and can be used for separating cerium (IV) from thorium (IV) and other rare earths (III); and the cerous phosphate nano material is prepared by reducing and performing reverse extraction on the loaded organic phase, so that cerium (IV) and phosphorus in the system are recovered to a certain extent.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of separation and purification, in particular to a method for extracting cerium (IV) from a sulfur-phosphorus mixed acid system and preparing cerium phosphate nanomaterials. Background technique [0002] With the development of science and technology, cerium and its compounds are increasingly widely used in phosphors, catalysts, colorants, polishing powders and other fields. Cerium resources mainly exist in Baotou mixed rare earth ore and Panxi bastnaesite. It is of great practical significance to directly prepare cerium products from the mineral extraction solution. Prioritizing the extraction of cerium (IV) can greatly reduce the amount of pressing tanks for the extraction and separation of rare earth (III), shorten the separation process, and reduce costs. Moreover, cerium (IV) is easier to extract than rare earth (III), and can be separated from other rare earth elements. The content of cerium in Baotou...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] A variety of methods for extracting cerium (IV) have been disclosed in the prior art. For example, in the 1960s, sodium carbonate roasting and decomposition of Baotou rare earth concentrate-dilute sulfuric acid leaching process used P204-TBP to extract and separate cerium (IV), adding boric acid or Borax inhibits the interference of fluorine, and CeO with a purity of 99% to 99.9% can be obtained 2 (Baotou Iron and Steel Institute of Metallurgy, Rare Earth and Niobium, 1976, 1:60~77); Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences used P507 to study the extraction and separation of cerium (IV), thorium, and rare earth (III) from sulfuric acid or nitric acid system (Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Collected Papers on Rare Earth Chemistry [C], Beijing, Science Press, 1982, 20-29.); Gupta et al reported that there is a large amount of acid-base in the extraction and back-extraction process of the acidic extraction system consumption, the extraction cost is higher than that of neutral extraction (C.K.Gupta et.al., Extractive metallury of rare earths, Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C., 2005, p183.); Cerium (IV) was extracted and separated by Cyanex923 / P204 or Cyanex923 / P507, and cerium trifluoride micropowder was prepared (Li Deqian et al., Chinese Patent, Publication No. CN1556038A, CN101164890A)

However, the price of Cyanex923 is relatively higher than that of conventional extractants such as P204 and P507, which increases the cost of industrial production

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