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Method for preparing active carbon for super-capacitor from potassium humate in one-step carbonization way

A supercapacitor, potassium humate technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, inorganic chemistry, carbon compounds, etc., can solve the problems of high cost, high volatile content, complex process, etc., and achieve low cost, high molding density, and technology. simple effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-10-30
HENAN POLYTECHNIC UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The above methods all need to add an activator during the preparation of activated carbon for supercapacitors, the process is complicated and the cost is high
Potassium humate is a heterogeneous aromatic hydroxycarboxylate with high volatile content. It is often used in agriculture to prepare high-efficiency compound fertilizers, and in industry as drilling mud treatment agents, ion exchangers and heavy metal adsorbents. There is no research report on the preparation of activated carbon for supercapacitors with potassium humate as raw material

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0016] Put potassium humate in a reaction kettle, under the protection of nitrogen, raise the temperature to 180°C at a rate of 5°C / min, dehydrate at a constant temperature for 0.5h, then continue to heat up to 600°C, and carbonize at a constant temperature for 1h. Cool naturally to room temperature under protection. Soak the above-mentioned carbonized product in 5mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid for 24 hours, wash with water until neutral, and filter and dry to obtain the activated carbon product for supercapacitor. The activated carbon has a specific surface area of ​​85m 2 / g, molding density up to 0.88g / cm 3 , in 3mol / L KOH electrolyte, when it is used as a supercapacitor electrode material, its volume specific capacitance reaches 105F / cm 3 .

Embodiment 2

[0018] Take potassium humate with a particle size of 0.5-2mm after crushing and screening, put it in a nickel reaction kettle, and under the protection of nitrogen, raise the temperature to 180°C at a heating rate of 20°C / min, dehydrate at a constant temperature for 0.5h, and then heat up To 700 ° C, constant temperature carbonization 2h, after carbonization, naturally cooled to room temperature under the protection of nitrogen. Soak the above-mentioned carbonized product in 5mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid for 24 hours, wash with water until neutral, and filter and dry to obtain the activated carbon product for supercapacitor. The activated carbon has a specific surface area of ​​150m 2 / g, molding density up to 0.85g / cm 3 , in 3mol / L KOH electrolyte, when it is used as a supercapacitor electrode material, its volume specific capacitance reaches 145F / cm 3 .

Embodiment 3

[0020] Take potassium humate with a particle size of 0.5-2mm after crushing and screening, put it in a nickel reaction kettle, and under the protection of nitrogen, raise the temperature to 180°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, dehydrate at a constant temperature for 0.5h, and then raise the temperature To 900 ° C, constant temperature carbonization 3h, after carbonization, naturally cooled to room temperature under the protection of nitrogen. Soak the above-mentioned carbonized product in 5mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid for 24 hours, wash with water until neutral, and filter and dry to obtain the activated carbon product for supercapacitor. The activated carbon has a specific surface area of ​​500m 2 / g, molding density up to 0.79g / cm 3 , in 3mol / L KOH electrolyte, when it is used as a supercapacitor electrode material, its volume specific capacitance reaches 130F / cm 3 .

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing active carbon for a super-capacitor from potassium humate in a one-step carbonization way. The method comprises the following steps of placing the potassium humate in a reaction kettle, heating the reaction kettle to 180 DEG C at a heating rate of 5 to 20 DEG C per minute under the protection of nitrogen, dehydrating for 0.5h at the constant temperature, then heating the reaction kettle to 600 to 900 DEG C, carbonizing the potassium humate for 0.5h to 3h at the constant temperature, naturally cooling to the room temperature under the protection of nitrogen after the carbonization is ended, sequentially acid-dipping and washing a carbonized product till the product is neutral, and filtering and drying the neutral product to obtain the active carbon for the super-capacitor. The active carbon for the super-capacitor has medium specific surface area (ranging from 80 to 500 m<2> / g), high forming density (ranging from 0.76 to 0.93 g / cm<3>) and high volumetric specific capacitance which can reach 100 to 150 F / cm<3> when the active carbon is in 3mol / L KOH electrolyte, and the active carbon is particularly applicable to the high-energy super-capacitor with limited space.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing activated carbon, in particular to a method for preparing activated carbon for supercapacitors by one-step carbonization of potassium humate. technical background [0002] Supercapacitor is a new type of energy storage device, which has the advantages of high power density of ordinary capacitors and high energy density of secondary batteries, fast charging speed, long cycle life, safety and pollution-free. Supercapacitors are mainly composed of electrode materials, electrolytes, current collectors, and diaphragms. Among them, electrode materials are the key factors that determine the performance of supercapacitors. Therefore, the development of electrode materials with excellent performance has attracted extensive attention. Among many electrode materials (such as activated carbon, carbon aerogel, porous carbon such as carbon nanotubes, metal oxides and conductive polymers), activated carbon is due to its...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B31/08C01B32/318
Inventor 黄光许邢宝林张传祥谌伦建郭丽玲马亚芬
Owner HENAN POLYTECHNIC UNIV
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