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1-amino-3-alkyl-1, 2, 3-triazole nitrate and its synthesis method

A synthetic method and nitrate technology, applied in organic chemistry, explosives, etc., to achieve low cost and low environmental pollution

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-11-06
NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Surfactants are often added to high-temperature mixed explosives to improve their physical and chemical properties, dispersibility, etc., but the addition of ordinary surfactants inevitably affects the overall energy of high-energy mixed explosives. Therefore, how to make the addition of surfactants not affect Or the relatively small impact on the energy of energetic materials has become a research hotspot

Method used

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  • 1-amino-3-alkyl-1, 2, 3-triazole nitrate and its synthesis method
  • 1-amino-3-alkyl-1, 2, 3-triazole nitrate and its synthesis method
  • 1-amino-3-alkyl-1, 2, 3-triazole nitrate and its synthesis method

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] (1) Under solvent-free conditions, add 0.15 mol of hydrazine hydrate into the reactor, slowly add 0.05 mol of glyoxal (40% aqueous solution) dropwise into the reactor, react at 75°C for 4 hours, and dissolve the reaction solution Distilled under reduced pressure, and the solid was washed with isopropanol to obtain glyoxal dihydrazone;

[0029] (2) Add 30mL of solvent water, add 5g of glyoxal dihydrazone into the reactor, slowly add 50mL of hydrogen peroxide with 30% catalyst, react at 15°C for 3h, and distill the reaction solution under reduced pressure to obtain 1-amino- 1,2,3,-triazole;

[0030] (3) Add 25 mL of solvent water, add 0.01 mol of 1-amino-1,2,3,-triazole into the reactor, add 0.01 mol of n-decane bromide, add 0.0066 g of phase transfer catalyst tetrabutylammonium chloride, and React at 60°C for 30 hours, distill the reaction solution under reduced pressure, wash the solid three times with ethyl acetate to obtain 1-amino-3-n-decyl-1,2,3-triazole bromide; ...

Embodiment 2

[0033] (1) and (2) are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0034] (3) Add 42mL of solvent water, add 0.01mol of 1-amino-1,2,3,-triazole into the reactor, add 0.02mol of n-bromodecane, and add a small amount of phase transfer catalyst tetrabutylammonium bisulfate 0.2211g , reacted at 80°C for 40 h, distilled the reaction solution under reduced pressure, washed the solid three times with ethyl acetate to obtain 1-amino-3-n-decyl-1,2,3-triazole bromide;

[0035] (4) Add 46 mL of solvent water, add 0.01 mol of 1-amino-3-n-decyl-1,2,3-triazole bromide into the reactor, dissolve 0.01 mol of silver nitrate in 10 mL of water, and slowly drop Add it to the container, react for 40 minutes, filter to remove silver bromide, and distill the reaction solution under reduced pressure to obtain 1-amino-3-n-decyl-1,2,3-triazole nitrate, the confirmation of the compound of this example The method is the same as in Example 1.

Embodiment 3

[0037] (1) and (2) are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0038] (3) Add 25 mL of solvent water, add 0.01 mol of 1-amino-1,2,3,-triazole into the reactor, add 0.01 mol of dodecane bromide, add 0.0075 g of phase transfer catalyst tetrabutylammonium chloride, and React at 60°C for 30 hours, distill the reaction solution under reduced pressure, wash the solid with ethyl acetate three times to obtain 1-amino-3-dodecyl-1,2,3-triazole bromide;

[0039](4) Add 33 mL of solvent water, add 0.01 mol of 1-amino-3-dodecyl-1,2,3-triazole bromide into the reactor, dissolve 0.01 mol of silver nitrate in 10 mL of water, and slowly drop Add it to the container, react for 20min, remove silver bromide by filtration, and distill the reaction solution under reduced pressure to obtain 1-amino-3-dodecyl-1,2,3-triazole nitrate, whose mass spectrum is as follows figure 2 shown.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a 1-amino-3-alkyl-1, 2, 3-triazole nitrate compound and its synthesis. The synthesis method consists of: taking glyoxal and hydrazine hydrate as materials to react to obtain glyoxal bishydrazone; taking water as a solvent, adding the glyoxal bishydrazone and a catalyst to react so as to obtain 1-amino-1, 2, 3-triazole; then adopting water as the solvent, in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst tetrabutylammonium chloride or tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate, adding a alkylation reagent dropwisely to undergo reaction to obtain 1-amino-3-alkyl-1, 2, 3-triazole bromide; and finally using water as the solvent, and adding silver nitrate to undergo reaction, thus obtaining the 1-amino-3-alkyl-1, 2, 3-triazole nitrate. The compound 1-amino-3-alkyl-1, 2, 3-triazole nitrate provided in the invention is an energetic surfactant. Adding of the energetic surfactant into mixed explosives can enhance the physicochemical properties and dispersion performance, etc., and has little influence on the overall energy of the mixed explosives. The synthesis process involved in the invention is carried out in a solvent-free condition or in a water solution, the cost is low, and the environmental pollution is small, thus meeting the dual development needs of environment and economy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the fields of organic synthesis, energetic materials and surfactant synthesis, and in particular relates to a series of energetic surfactant 1-amino-3-alkyl-1,2,3-triazole nitrate compounds and a synthesis method thereof. Background technique [0002] Energetic triazole salt compounds are a class of high nitrogen-containing energetic materials. These compounds have the characteristics of high density, low melting point, good thermal stability, low volatility, and the decomposition products are environmentally friendly. They are widely used in high-energy insensitivity Research on energetic materials such as explosives, low-sensitivity propellants, and smokeless fireworks. Surfactants are often added to high-temperature mixed explosives to improve their physical and chemical properties, dispersibility, etc., but the addition of ordinary surfactants inevitably affects the overall energy of high-energy mixed explosives. Therefore,...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C07D249/04C06B31/00
Inventor 叶志文陆丹丹
Owner NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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