Surface source pollution control technology based on point-line-surface stereo configuration

A non-point source pollution and control technology, applied in the field of new technology, can solve problems such as non-point source pollution, achieve low operating costs, simple operation and management, and good application prospects

Active Publication Date: 2014-01-15
NANJING INST OF GEOGRAPHY & LIMNOLOGY
9 Cites 13 Cited by

AI-Extracted Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The present invention is aimed at the outstanding problems of rural and agricultural non-point source pollution, and proposes "point (pre-storage processing)-line (ecolog...
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Method used

(2) Carry out pollutant ecological interception and reduction from the line: 1. intercropping, interplanting and mixed sowing are carried out to farmland area; Improve crop rotation system and grass field crop rotation; Less tillage, no-tillage, harvest stubble and other soil and water conservation techniques have water retention , reduce fertilizer loss, increase grain production, etc., and can effectively reduce N, P and sediment pollution. ② Sewage interception (conveyance): According to the terrain characteristics and the crop coverage of the farmland, ecological ditches and ecologi...
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of surface source pollution control technology, and particularly relates to a new combined process for carrying out point-line-surface stereo technical configuration and process treatment of rural and agricultural surface source pollutants to achieve first-level B standard requirements of 'Urban Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutant Discharge Standard' (GB 18918-2002). Aiming at the characteristics that rural and agricultural surface sources have wide space-time range, large non-determinacy, more complex composition and procedures, and difficult control, the new combined process starts from a source-flow-convergence procedure of loss of nitrogen and phosphorus, simultaneously considers a study area topography and a geomorphic feature, successively arranges a point-line-surface-based denitrification and dephosphorization combination process procedure and a key technology along a pollutant migration path, is characterized by comprising (1) a point type configuration (pretank treatment) technology, (2) a linear type configuration (ecological interception optimized based on a hydraulic power structure) technology and (3) a surface type configuration (combination of deep pond anaerobism and shallow pond aeration) technology, and realizes an objective of beautifying farmer residential areas and agricultural area landscapes while reducing pollution loads.

Application Domain

Waste water treatment from animal husbandryWaste based fuel +7

Technology Topic

PollutantAgricultural nonpoint source pollution +9

Image

  • Surface source pollution control technology based on point-line-surface stereo configuration
  • Surface source pollution control technology based on point-line-surface stereo configuration

Examples

  • Experimental program(1)

Example Embodiment

[0022] detailed description
[0023] (1) Pollution source analysis and resource utilization from the point of view: ①Control of rural domestic sewage: change the way the original washing wastewater is discharged at will, build a flowerbed soil infiltration tank, and recycle domestic sewage. ②Convert domestic sewage and pig-raising wastewater into biogas and fertilizer. The pool volume is 1~2m per population 3 Design and construct according to "Atlas of Standards for Rural Household Hydraulic Biogas Digesters" (GB/T4750-2002). At the same time, the toilet is transformed, and the feces are directly discharged into the biogas tank for fermentation, and the biogas is obtained as household gas. On the other hand, the biogas slurry can be used as fertilizer for farmland crops. ③The front-reservoir system utilizes the local natural clear water pond, and leads the mountain spring water to the clear water pond through natural ditches, which enables villagers to concentrate laundry and vegetable washing, and the washing wastewater is concentrated in the pond for easier collection and treatment. But it is different from the current common ponds in rural areas (mostly stagnant water), which is connected to the lower treatment system.
[0024] (2) Ecological interception and reduction of pollutants from the line: ① Intercropping, intercropping and mixed sowing in farmland areas; improved rotation system and grass field rotation; less tillage, no tillage, stubble harvesting and other water and soil conservation technologies have water retention and reduced fertilizer It can effectively reduce N, P and sediment pollution. ②Sewage interception (transportation): According to topographical features and crop coverage conditions of farmland, ecological ditches and ecological slope protection types are arranged along the runoff transport route, and the circulating water flow system of vegetable garden + rice field and vegetable garden + breeding pond + rice field is established to construct multiple Combine ecological pollution interception units to increase the residence time of water bodies in land areas, increase nutrient recycling rate to carry out ecological interception and reduction of land-sourced pollutants in farmland. Natural or acquired ecosystems already exist in these ditches, which can both conduct and Can intercept pollutants in wastewater.
[0025] (3) Carry out pollutant removal and ecological absorption from the surface, and develop more economical, environmentally friendly and beautiful treatment technologies and purification processes for rural non-point source sewage treatment. ①Plant buffer zone, establish different types of plant buffer restoration model zones, restore buffer zone landscape and ecosystem service functions, increase wetland vegetation coverage, increase biodiversity, and enhance ecosystem productivity and self-sustainability. ②The process of "deep water fish pond-shallow pond-facultative pond" treats surface runoff. In most areas, fish ponds are imported with purified water, but here fish ponds are used as part of the wastewater treatment system, turning pollutants into Fish food will eventually turn waste into resources. ③The combined process of "field ditches-fish ponds-constructed wetlands-facultative ponds" treats agricultural production wastewater, forming a multi-pond-wetland coupling system ecological treatment model that absorbs agricultural non-point source pollution. On the one hand, the treated water is discharged into the irrigation canal and reused as irrigation water. On the other hand, cash crops such as reeds, calamus, cress, Cigu, and Zizania are planted in shallow ponds to realize the ecological disposal of pollutants. ④Operation: The biological pond can grow aquatic crops (such as water lotus, water chestnut, lotus root, etc.) or breed fish and ducks. This will promote the natural circulation of materials, help the treatment of wastewater, and compensate for some treatment costs. The effluent of biological ponds can be used for farmland irrigation, and because of its certain regulation and storage effect, biological ponds are often used. Good biological pond effluent can also be directly discharged into natural water bodies. The timing of discharge should be matched with the hydrological conditions of the water body. The use of field ditches can not only conduct but also intercept pollutants in wastewater, which improves the overall treatment effect. Fish ponds no longer passively receive purified water, but become part of the purification and restoration system, turning pollutants into fish food; the multi-pond treatment system is no longer just a part of wastewater treatment, but through planting Cash crops turn waste into resources.

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