Surface source pollution control technology based on point-line-surface stereo configuration

[0022] detailed description

[0023] (1) Pollution source analysis and resource utilization from the point of view: ①Control of rural domestic sewage: change the way the original washing wastewater is discharged at will, build a flowerbed soil infiltration tank, and recycle domestic sewage. ②Convert domestic sewage and pig-raising wastewater into biogas and fertilizer. The pool volume is 1~2m per population 3 Design and construct according to "Atlas of Standards for Rural Household Hydraulic Biogas Digesters" (GB/T4750-2002). At the same time, the toilet is transformed, and the feces are directly discharged into the biogas tank for fermentation, and the biogas is obtained as household gas. On the other hand, the biogas slurry can be used as fertilizer for farmland crops. ③The front-reservoir system utilizes the local natural clear water pond, and leads the mountain spring water to the clear water pond through natural ditches, which enables villagers to concentrate laundry and vegetable washing, and the washing wastewater is concentrated in the pond for easier collection and treatment. But it is different from the current common ponds in rural areas (mostly stagnant water), which is connected to the lower treatment system.

[0024] (2) Ecological interception and reduction of pollutants from the line: ① Intercropping, intercropping and mixed sowing in farmland areas; improved rotation system and grass field rotation; less tillage, no tillage, stubble harvesting and other water and soil conservation technologies have water retention and reduced fertilizer It can effectively reduce N, P and sediment pollution. ②Sewage interception (transportation): According to topographical features and crop coverage conditions of farmland, ecological ditches and ecological slope protection types are arranged along the runoff transport route, and the circulating water flow system of vegetable garden + rice field and vegetable garden + breeding pond + rice field is established to construct multiple Combine ecological pollution interception units to increase the residence time of water bodies in land areas, increase nutrient recycling rate to carry out ecological interception and reduction of land-sourced pollutants in farmland. Natural or acquired ecosystems already exist in these ditches, which can both conduct and Can intercept pollutants in wastewater.

[0025] (3) Carry out pollutant removal and ecological absorption from the surface, and develop more economical, environmentally friendly and beautiful treatment technologies and purification processes for rural non-point source sewage treatment. ①Plant buffer zone, establish different types of plant buffer restoration model zones, restore buffer zone landscape and ecosystem service functions, increase wetland vegetation coverage, increase biodiversity, and enhance ecosystem productivity and self-sustainability. ②The process of "deep water fish pond-shallow pond-facultative pond" treats surface runoff. In most areas, fish ponds are imported with purified water, but here fish ponds are used as part of the wastewater treatment system, turning pollutants into Fish food will eventually turn waste into resources. ③The combined process of "field ditches-fish ponds-constructed wetlands-facultative ponds" treats agricultural production wastewater, forming a multi-pond-wetland coupling system ecological treatment model that absorbs agricultural non-point source pollution. On the one hand, the treated water is discharged into the irrigation canal and reused as irrigation water. On the other hand, cash crops such as reeds, calamus, cress, Cigu, and Zizania are planted in shallow ponds to realize the ecological disposal of pollutants. ④Operation: The biological pond can grow aquatic crops (such as water lotus, water chestnut, lotus root, etc.) or breed fish and ducks. This will promote the natural circulation of materials, help the treatment of wastewater, and compensate for some treatment costs. The effluent of biological ponds can be used for farmland irrigation, and because of its certain regulation and storage effect, biological ponds are often used. Good biological pond effluent can also be directly discharged into natural water bodies. The timing of discharge should be matched with the hydrological conditions of the water body. The use of field ditches can not only conduct but also intercept pollutants in wastewater, which improves the overall treatment effect. Fish ponds no longer passively receive purified water, but become part of the purification and restoration system, turning pollutants into fish food; the multi-pond treatment system is no longer just a part of wastewater treatment, but through planting Cash crops turn waste into resources.