An underground hydrogenation catalytic upgrading recovery method for heavy oil and super heavy oil reservoirs

Abstract

The invention provides a heavy oil and super heavy oil deposit underground hydrogenation catalytic transformation exploitation method. The method comprises arranging the injection-production well pattern; putting a high-energy molten-salt heating tube in the injection well, and putting a catalyst injection tube and the high-energy molten-salt heating tube down into a production well; performing continuous heating on the injection well and the production well through the high-energy molten-salt heating tube respectively; injecting catalyst fluids into the catalyst injection tube during medium injection into the injection well, wherein the catalyst fluid injection speed is that 1kg to 100kg of catalyst fluids are injected for every one ton produced crude oil, the catalyst fluids comprise 1wt% to 50wt% of catalysts and 0.01wt% to 10wt% of hydrogen donors or deuterium donors, 0.01wt% to 5wt% of coking inhibitors, 0wt% to 1wt% of aqueous phase suspending agents or dispersing auxiliaries, and the surplus supercritical fluids. The method is applied to transformation exploitation of heavy oil and super heavy oil deposits which are buried more than 1000 meters deep, and by the aid of the method, the heavy oil transformation viscosity reduction can be enhanced, and the flushing efficiency is improved effectively.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a mining method for heavy oil and super heavy oil reservoirs, in particular to an underground hydrogenation catalytic upgrading method for heavy oil and super heavy oil reservoirs buried deeper than 1000 meters, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploitation . Background technique [0002] Heavy oil and ultra-heavy oil reservoirs are usually developed by steam injection, but for heavy oil reservoirs with a buried depth of more than 1000 meters, although heat-insulated tubing is used, due to the large loss of steam dryness along the way, in order to ensure a certain amount of steam at the bottom of the well Dryness requires injection of high-dryness steam at the wellhead, so the energy consumption of mining is high, and the economic benefits of development are poor. [0003] For heavy oil reservoirs with a buried depth greater than 1000 meters, during the production process, due to the gradual decrease in temperat...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] High-temperature hydrothermal cracking occurs during steam injection. A large number of previous reports have shown that hydrothermal cracking of heavy oil is not effective in upgrading heavy oil. After the temperature is lowered, heavy oil with reduced viscosity will undergo molecular chain reorganization and condensation reactions, and the viscosity of crude oil will rebound.

[0006] Incineration oil layer technology is an irreversible viscosity-reducing technology for heavy oil, but the patent application No. 201210587241.1 discloses "a method for controlling catalytic oxidation upgrading of petroleum underground at medium and low temperature", which points out that incineration oil layer has the following disadvantages: (1) system The progress of the reaction and the heat generated are determined by the oxygen concentration, which cannot be controlled more accurately; (2) The temperature of the system is too high, often reaching above 600°C in oil field applications, but in fact, the fluidity of heavy oil is reduced when it is below 200°C Greatly improved, high-temperature cracking can mostly occur below 500°C, too high a grade of heat will inevitably consume more fuel and affect recovery; (3) Coking phenomenon is obvious, forming in the high-temperature area near the front of the combustion front The wide coking zone not only affects the advancement of the combustion front and the heat transfer process of the system, but also causes a certain degree of damage to the reservoir

[0009] However, the above method has the following problems: (1) The injection technology strategy of the heat generating catalyst and the reforming catalyst is not provided

Catalysts are solid phase fine particles, which are difficult to distribute evenly in the injection of oxygen-containing gas. In the absence of a carrier solution with good performance, it is difficult for the gas to carry the solid phase catalyst into the oil layer; (2) How to achieve full contact between the catalyst and the oil layer The technical path is not clear

Under the condition of high-speed gas flow injection, a small part of the solid-phase catalyst will enter the oil layer along the large pores or high-permeability strips, but only limited to the large pores and high-permeability strips, and it is difficult for the catalyst to enter the deep part of the oil layer evenly, especially for low permeability Large-scale catalytic upgrading is realized in the region, and the upgrading effect is very limited; (3) The replacement problem after the catalyst fails

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