Method for preparing chelating fiber material capable of adsorbing heavy metals in water

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a chelating fiber material capable of adsorbing heavy metals in water. According to the preparation process, only the surface layer of a finished fiber material is subjected to activating and grafting reaction in a low-temperature plasma field, the reaction is not carried out in the fiber material, and the treatment conditions are mild; and meanwhile, the fiber surface is multiple in active points, high in grafting rate and high in heavy metal chelating capacity, and the capacity is controllable. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: activating the melt-blown polypropylene fiber surface by using plasma, and generating lots of macromolecular radicals; allowing the macromolecular radicals to contact with air, so that the PP fiber surface is covered with organic peroxides or hydrogen peroxide; performing graft polymerization on the PP fiber surface by using a glycidyl methacrylate monomer; and finally, enabling an epoxy functional group on GMA to react with diethylenetriamine, thereby obtaining the chelating fiber material capable of adsorbing heavy metals in water.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of a fiber material, in particular to a preparation method of a heavy metal chelated fiber material in adsorption water. Background technique [0002] Industries such as mining, ore dressing, battery, metallurgy, machinery, electroplating, and automobiles will produce a large amount of wastewater containing heavy metal ions. If they are not treated strictly, they will eventually pollute water bodies and soil. At present, the content of heavy metal ions in many water bodies and soils in our country seriously exceeds the standard, which is obviously closely related to the above pollution. Excessive heavy metal elements in soil and water, on the one hand, will have adverse effects on plant growth; on the other hand, heavy metals accumulated in plants will easily enter the human body through the food chain, endangering human health. Therefore, it is increasingly important to find a new type of adsorbent materi...

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Problems solved by technology

But, solution grafting method reaction time is long, needs the amount of organic solvent very big, and the process energy consumption height of reclaiming environment harmful organic solvent is high, cost is big; The grafting rate of melting grafting method is low, and reaction temperature is high (PP fusing point The above implementation), it is easy to degrade or crosslink PP, which will make the mechanical properties of PP chelating fibers worse, and the unreacted graft monomers and homopolymers thereof remaining in PP chelating fibers are difficult to remove after the reaction ends , and most of these unreacted graft monomers and their homopolymers have greater polarity and are easy to migrate into water, which will be subject to secondary pollution; the solid phase grafting method consumes more organic solvent than the solution grafting method Although less, although the grafting rate is higher compared with melt grafting, the grafting rate of the solid-phase grafting method product is unstable, and is greatly affected by the size of the raw material particles and the bonding and agglomeration between the raw material particles. Meet the needs of preparing chelated fibers

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