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A kind of preparation method of silicon carbon composite material

A technology of silicon-carbon composite materials and compounds, applied in structural parts, electrical components, battery electrodes, etc., can solve the problems of limiting the mass production of silicon-based materials, material shape changes, and poor cycle performance, and achieve poor electronic conductivity , low cost and small capacity loss

Active Publication Date: 2018-10-26
NORTHWEST UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, pure silicon materials have very significant volume expansion (>300%) in the process of high lithium intercalation, the electrode materials will gradually pulverize, the alloy structure is destroyed, and the separation between silicon particles and the conductive network occurs, causing serious morphological changes in the material. , the internal resistance of the electrode increases, the capacity decreases, and the cycle performance deteriorates, which limits the mass production of silicon-based materials

Method used

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  • A kind of preparation method of silicon carbon composite material
  • A kind of preparation method of silicon carbon composite material
  • A kind of preparation method of silicon carbon composite material

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0018] Dissolve 10g of glucose and 6g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (K30) in 60mL of water, then add 0.3g of high-purity nano-scale silicon powder (Cas: 7440-21-3), and transfer the mixture to a closed reaction kettle. After reacting for 5 hours, a columnar gel was obtained after the reaction. figure 1 (a), the gel was freeze-dried and then calcined at 1200°C for 3 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a silicon-carbon composite material. The powder diffraction pattern is shown in figure 2 , see the transmission electron micrograph image 3 .

Embodiment 2

[0020] Dissolve 5.5g of sucrose and 0.5g of polyacrylamide (Mw: 2000000-14000000) in 20mL of water, and then add 0.6g of high-purity nano-scale silicon powder (Nano-Si powder, Hefei Kaier Nano Technology Development Co., Ltd.). The mixed solution was transferred to a closed reaction kettle and reacted at 200°C for 5 hours. After the reaction, a cylindrical gel was obtained. See figure 1 (b), the gel was freeze-dried and calcined at 1000°C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a silicon-carbon composite material.

Embodiment 3

[0022] Dissolve 5g of lactose and 0.6g of polyacrylamide (Mw: 2000000~14000000) in 15mL of water, then add 10mL of acetic acid and 0.9g of high-purity nano-scale silicon powder (Nano-Si powder), and transfer the mixture to a closed reaction kettle , and reacted at 200°C for 5 hours. After the reaction, a columnar gel was obtained. After the gel was freeze-dried, it was calcined at 1000°C for 4 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a silicon-carbon composite material.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material. The specific steps are to dissolve water-soluble sugar compounds and water-soluble polymers in water in a closed container, add organic acid or alkali, and then add high-purity nanometer Grade silicon powder reacts at 140-300°C, and is dehydrated and calcined to obtain silicon-carbon composite materials. The raw materials of the invention are easy to obtain, the price is low, and the preparation method is simple. It uses water as the solvent and cheap water-soluble sugar compounds as the precursor. The silicon-carbon composite material prepared by the one-pot method has good ductility, elasticity, and high porosity. It has the advantages of high efficiency and controllable size, and improves the electronic conductivity of silicon materials. The prepared silicon-carbon composite materials can be used in fields such as batteries and semiconductor materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material, which belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation. Background technique [0002] At present, commercial lithium-ion secondary batteries all use various carbon materials as negative electrodes, and the carbon materials used are mainly graphitized carbon and amorphous carbon, such as natural graphite, modified graphite, graphitized mesocarbon microspheres, Soft carbon and some hard carbon etc. This type of material has a volume expansion of less than 9% in the process of intercalation and delithiation, and exhibits high Coulombic efficiency and excellent cycle stability. The demand for energy density batteries, such as the theoretical capacity of graphite is 372mA·h / g. [0003] The research on high-capacity negative electrode materials mainly focuses on metals such as Si, Sn, Sb, Al, and Pb that can electrochemically alloy with lithium. Among them...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38
CPCH01M4/362H01M4/386H01M4/62Y02E60/10
Inventor 张立娟谢钢杨奇陈三平惠俊峰步怀天王尧宇
Owner NORTHWEST UNIV
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