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Preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material

A technology of silicon-carbon composite materials and compounds, which is applied in the direction of electrical components, battery electrodes, circuits, etc., can solve the problems of limiting the large-scale production of silicon-based materials, material shape changes, and alloy structure damage, and achieve poor electronic conductivity and low cost. Low, the effect of improving conductivity

Active Publication Date: 2015-07-01
NORTHWEST UNIV(CN)
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Problems solved by technology

However, pure silicon materials have very significant volume expansion (>300%) in the process of high lithium intercalation, the electrode materials will gradually pulverize, the alloy structure is destroyed, and the separation between silicon particles and the conductive network occurs, causing serious morphological changes in the material. , the internal resistance of the electrode increases, the capacity decreases, and the cycle performance deteriorates, which limits the mass production of silicon-based materials

Method used

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  • Preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material
  • Preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material
  • Preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0018] Dissolve 10g of glucose and 6g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (K30) in 60mL of water, then add 0.3g of high-purity nano-scale silicon powder (Cas: 7440-21-3), and transfer the mixture to a closed reaction kettle. After reacting for 5 hours, a columnar gel was obtained after the reaction. figure 1 (a), the gel was freeze-dried and then calcined at 1200°C for 3 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a silicon-carbon composite material. The powder diffraction pattern is shown in figure 2 , see the transmission electron micrograph image 3 .

Embodiment 2

[0020] Dissolve 5.5g of sucrose and 0.5g of polyacrylamide (Mw: 2000000-14000000) in 20mL of water, and then add 0.6g of high-purity nano-scale silicon powder (Nano-Si powder, Hefei Kaier Nano Technology Development Co., Ltd.). The mixed solution was transferred to a closed reaction kettle and reacted at 200°C for 5 hours. After the reaction, a cylindrical gel was obtained. See figure 1 (b), the gel was freeze-dried and calcined at 1000°C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a silicon-carbon composite material.

Embodiment 3

[0022] Dissolve 5g of lactose and 0.6g of polyacrylamide (Mw: 2000000~14000000) in 15mL of water, then add 10mL of acetic acid and 0.9g of high-purity nano-scale silicon powder (Nano-Si powder), and transfer the mixture to a closed reaction kettle , and reacted at 200°C for 5 hours. After the reaction, a columnar gel was obtained. After the gel was freeze-dried, it was calcined at 1000°C for 4 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a silicon-carbon composite material.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a silicon-carbon composite material. The preparation method comprises the following specific steps of dissolving a water-soluble saccharide compound and a water-soluble polymer into water, adding organic acid or alkali, then adding highly purified nanoscale silicon powder, reacting at 140-300 DEG C, and carrying out dehydration and calcination, thereby obtaining the silicon carbon composite. The preparation method of a silicon carbon composite provided by the invention has the advantages of easily available raw material, lower price, simple preparation method, the silicon carbon composite prepared by using water as a solvent and using the water-soluble saccharide compound as a precursor in a one-pot method has the advantages of fine ductility, elasticity, high porosity and controllable size and the like, and the conductivity of an electron of silicon material is improved, the prepared silicon carbon composite can be used in fields of batteries and semiconductor materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a silicon-carbon composite material, which belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation. Background technique [0002] At present, commercial lithium-ion secondary batteries all use various carbon materials as negative electrodes, and the carbon materials used are mainly graphitized carbon and amorphous carbon, such as natural graphite, modified graphite, graphitized mesocarbon microspheres, Soft carbon and some hard carbon etc. This type of material has a volume expansion of less than 9% in the process of intercalation and delithiation, and exhibits high Coulombic efficiency and excellent cycle stability. The demand for energy density batteries, such as the theoretical capacity of graphite is 372mA·h / g. [0003] The research on high-capacity negative electrode materials mainly focuses on metals such as Si, Sn, Sb, Al, and Pb that can electrochemically alloy with lithium. Among them...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38
CPCH01M4/362H01M4/386H01M4/62Y02E60/10
Inventor 张立娟谢钢杨奇陈三平惠俊峰步怀天王尧宇
Owner NORTHWEST UNIV(CN)
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