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High-performance natural silk fiber and preparation method thereof

A natural silk and high-performance technology, applied in fiber processing, animal fiber, textiles and papermaking, etc., can solve the problems of limited performance improvement, poor mechanical properties, and inability to achieve the effect of improving fracture strength and improving mechanical properties

Active Publication Date: 2016-01-20
NANTONG TEXTILE & SILK IND TECH RES INST
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Thanks to its unique multi-level structure, natural silk fiber already has very excellent mechanical properties. The performance improvement on this basis will be the best way to prepare high-performance silk protein fibers. If the natural silk structure can be improved Recombination, and then transforming silk by stretching and setting process, theoretically, the result of strong spinning should also be obtained; however, the formed natural silk fiber is mainly antiparallel β-fold crystal structure, and its aggregated structure is very stable. Difficult to change, so physical stretching post-processing is not possible with existing technologies
In the prior art, natural silk is generally dissolved and spun to obtain products with higher performance; however, due to the irreversible damage to the multi-level structure of silk by the dissolving solvent and spinning solvent, such as the reduction of molecular weight and the disintegration of fibril structure, etc., resulting in regenerated silk The fiber structure is unstable and the mechanical properties are poor. Although the mechanical properties of regenerated silk fibers can be improved by post-stretching, the performance improvement is limited, let alone become fibers with better mechanical properties than natural silk fibers.

Method used

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  • High-performance natural silk fiber and preparation method thereof
  • High-performance natural silk fiber and preparation method thereof
  • High-performance natural silk fiber and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0029] (1) Prepare natural silk swelling solution: dilute 98wt% formic acid to 80% with water, then add lithium bromide to make 80% formic acid solution containing 2% lithium bromide, which is silk swelling solution;

[0030] (2) Submerge the silkworm cocoons in the swelling solution of step (1) for 30 seconds, and at the same time control the shrinkage of the cocoons to 60% of the original length to obtain the shrunk cocoons;

[0031] (3) The shrinkage cocoons obtained in step (2) are washed with deionized water, then neutralized with excess acid in 1wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, washed again, and dried in an oven at 60°C to obtain high-performance natural silk fibers .

[0032] Table 1 shows the mechanical tensile data of silkworm cocoon silk before and after treatment. The cocoon silk treated according to the technical scheme provided by the present invention has excellent ductility, and the elongation at break reaches more than 50%.

[0033] Table 1 Mechanical te...

Embodiment 2

[0037] (1) Prepare silk swelling solution: dilute 98% formic acid to 80% with water, then add calcium chloride to make 80% formic acid solution containing 2% calcium chloride, which is silk swelling solution;

[0038] (2) Submerge the silkworm cocoons in the swelling solution of step (1) for 30 seconds, then stretch the cocoons to twice their original length to obtain stretched cocoons;

[0039](3) The stretched cocoons obtained in step (2) are washed with deionized water, then neutralized with excess acid in 1wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, washed again, and dried in an oven at 60°C to obtain high-performance natural silk fibers .

[0040] Table 2 shows the mechanical tensile data of cocoon silk before and after treatment. The cocoon silk treated according to the technical solution provided by the present invention has excellent strength, and the breaking strength reaches above 900 MPa.

[0041] Table 2 Mechanical tensile data of cocoon silk before and after treatment...

Embodiment 3

[0045] (1) Preparation of silk swelling solution: add lithium thiocyanate to 98% formic acid to make a formic acid solution containing 1% lithium thiocyanate, which is silk swelling solution;

[0046] (2) Submerge 20-22D raw silk in the swelling solution of step (1) for 50s, and then control the cocoon silk to shrink to 30% of the original length to obtain shrunk raw silk;

[0047] (3) The shrunken raw silk obtained in step (2) is washed with deionized water, then neutralized with excess acid in 1 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, washed with water again, and dried in an oven at 70°C to obtain high-performance natural silk fibers.

[0048] Table 3 shows the mechanical tensile data of the raw silk before and after treatment. The raw silk treated according to the technical scheme provided by the present invention has excellent ductility, the elongation at break reaches more than 50%, and the work of break increases by about 20%.

[0049] Table 3 Mechanical tensile data of r...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-performance natural silk fiber and a preparation method thereof. High-performance silk fiber is formed by taking cocoon silk, raw silk, twisted silk or silk weaving yarn as raw materials and then performing contracting or stretching. The method specifically comprises the steps that inorganic salt, acid and water are mixed according to a certain ratio to prepare a silk swelling solution; the silk fiber is immersed into the swelling solution, and then stretching or contracting is performed; lastly, rinsing with clear water, neutralizing treating and drying are performed to obtain the high-performance natural silk fiber. The preparation method is simple, effective and short in process, the breaking strength of the silk fiber prepared through the method is comparable with that of spider silk, and therefore the high-performance natural silk fiber is suitable for application of the advanced technical fields of artificial ligaments, ophthalmological sutures, protective garments and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of natural polymer materials, and in particular relates to a high-performance natural silk fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Silk is a continuous long fiber formed by the cocooning of silk glands secreted by silk glands when cooked silkworms make cocoons. It is one of the earliest animal fibers used by humans. According to different foods, silk is divided into mulberry silk, tussah silk, celestial silk and castor silk. The thread drawn from a single silkworm cocoon is called cocoon silk, which is made of two single fibers bonded and covered by sericin. The cocoon filaments of several silkworm cocoons are drawn out, and the silk strips formed by bonding and wrapping with sericin are called raw silk. Several raw silks are processed into twisted yarns or braided sutures after processes such as winding, merging, twisting or weaving. As a high-grade textile raw material, silk products...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): D06M13/188D06M11/13D06M11/155D06M11/52D06M11/56D06M11/70D06M101/10
Inventor 张锋左保齐
Owner NANTONG TEXTILE & SILK IND TECH RES INST
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