Multi-stage series continuous rectification separation apparatus for light hydrogen molecular water and method

Abstract

A multi-stage series continuous rectification separation apparatus for light hydrogen molecular water and a method are disclosed. The apparatus is composed of more than one stages of rectifying towers in serial connection. The operation pressure in all stages of rectifying towers is reduced stage by stage from front to back. After being gasified by a vaporizer, natural water enters first stage rectifying tower, and continuously flows in all stages of the rectifying towers stage by stage for rectification separation, and by utilizing the vapor pressure difference between light hydrogen and heavy hydrogen isotopes, the rising vapor-phase material in each stage of the rectifying tower is fully contacted with the decreasing liquid-phase material, the mass transfer process of vaporization and condensing continuously happens, light hydrogen isotope enters the vapor phase stage by stage, and heavy hydrogen isotope enters the liquid phase stage by stage, so that the abundance of light hydrogen isotope in the vapor-phase material is improved stage by stage, and finally light hydrogen molecular water is discharged from a cooler. By adjusting the ratio of the final-stage product to the backflow liquid, the light hydrogen molecular water with the light hydrogen abundance of 99.9999-99.9865% can be obtained. The apparatus possesses the advantages of high separation efficiency, low energy consumption, simple structure and easy operation, and is suitable for continuous production of light hydrogen molecular water.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of stable isotope separation, in particular to a device and method for preparing light hydrogen molecular water through multi-stage serial continuous rectification and separation of light hydrogen molecular water. Background technique [0002] As we all know, water in nature is generally composed of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom (H 2 O), but hydrogen has three isotopes with different mass numbers: light hydrogen (protium- 1 The mass of H) is 1, deuterium (deuterium- 2 H) has a mass of 2, all of which are stable isotopes; tritium (tritium- 3 H) has a mass of 3 and is a radioactive isotope. Due to the different mass numbers of hydrogen atom isotopes, water ( 1 h 2 O) molecule is called light hydrogen molecular water; the water ( 2 h 2 O) molecule is called deuterium molecular water; the water ( 3 h 2 O) molecule is called super heavy hydrogen molecular water. In natural water, the natural abunda...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] But at present, there are still many deficiencies in the rectification separation technology of isotopes: the rectification towers at all levels adopt the same constant operating pressure, the heat between the towers cannot be coupled and utilized, and the energy consumption is high; the separation process of light hydrogen molecular water only It can be carried out intermittently, but the vapor-liquid phase materials cannot flow continuously in the rectification towers at all levels to complete the continuous production of light hydrogen molecular water; the isotope separation coefficient is small, and the number of separation stages is large (the device for large-scale production of isotopes needs series , parallel dozens, or even hundreds of rectification towers), the investment is large; the cascade structure between the rectification towers (series and parallel) is complicated, and heaters, coolers and storage tanks are installed between all levels, and the control operation is difficult; The system has a large liquid holding capacity and a long time for system equilibrium, which seriously restricts the market and application of stable isotope products

Images