Anode carbon block for continuous prebaking

Abstract

The invention discloses an anode carbon block used for continuous prebaking. The anode carbon block is characterized by comprising a carbon block body (1); grooves (2) for a mechanical steel claw and the carbon block to be firmly fixed and connected are formed in the upper portion of the carbon block body (1); and fixing protruding heads (3) are arranged on the top of the carbon block body (1), fixing grooves (4) are formed in the bottom of the carbon block body (1), the fixing protruding heads (3) correspond to the fixing grooves (4), and the fixing protruding heads (3) and the fixing grooves (4) are used for connecting carbon blocks. By means of the anode carbon block used for continuous prebaking, the prebaked anode carbon block can be continuously used for non-residual-anode production; meanwhile, the difference between the structure of the anode carbon block and an existing anode carbon block structure is small, and transformation of an existing anode carbon block production system is small; and when the anode carbon block is used, transformation of an existing electrolysis cell is also small, a busbar, a portal frame and other parts at the upper portion of the electrolysis cell are not transformed, only a connecting steel claw needs to be transformed, operation is completed by additionally arranging auxiliary hooks, and the transformation cost of an existing aluminum electrolysis plant is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an anode carbon block used in the field of electrolytic aluminum production, in particular to an anode carbon block for continuous prebaking. Background technique [0002] In the modern electrolytic aluminum industry, prebaked anodes are generally used to produce electrolytic aluminum. There are 2 to 4 circular grooves with a diameter of 160 to 180 mm and a depth of 80 to 110 mm on the upper surface of the anode carbon block, commonly known as carbon bowls. The anode claw head is cast in the carbon bowl, and the anode claw head and the aluminum conductive rod are connected by aluminum-steel explosion welding, and then the aluminum conductive rod is closely connected with the anode carbon block to form the anode carbon block group. In the production process of electrolytic aluminum, the anode carbon block will be continuously consumed due to its continuous reaction with the oxygen decomposed by alumina electrolysis to release c...

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Problems solved by technology

At present, the production process mainly has the following disadvantages. 1) The replacement of a new anode carbon block is in a normal temperature state, and it must be placed in the electrolytic cell and preheated for about 24 hours before it can conduct electricity. Therefore, replacing the anode carbon block will increase heat loss, and When the pole is changed, it will have a great impact on the stability of the electrolytic cell; 2) The replacement of the anode will have a periodic impact on the production of aluminum electrolysis, destroying the energy and material balance of the electrolytic cell, affecting the current efficiency and increasing the power consumption rate; 3) In order to separate the anode claw from the anode butt, it is necessary to break the charcoal bowl where the phosphorus pig iron is cast, so that the anode butt falls off from the anode claw to achieve separation. This process is not only time-consuming, but also labor-intensive and inefficient. ;4) The amount of anode residues produced under replacement is generally 10% to 15% of the output of aluminum ingots. According to the calculation of China's aluminum ingot output of 26 million to 27 million tons per year, the annual output of anode residues is 2.6 million to 3.9 million Ton / year, according to the calculation of anode carbon block 2700 yuan / ton, China will waste tens of billions of anode carbon blocks each year; Absorb a large amount of electrolyte, the main component of the electrolyte is fluoride salt, the anode residue containing a large amount of fluoride salt is very serious to the environment; 5) When casting the anode claw head in the carbon bowl, in order to reduce the Waste, the anode remnant must be burned as thin as possible. At the end of the life of the anode carbon block, the top surface of the anode carbon block is very close to the electrolyte level. Affected by the magnetic field and air flow, strong waves are constantly generated on the surface of the electrolyte. In the actual production process, The anode claws are often corroded by the electrolyte. The iron element of the anode claws dissolves into the electrolyte and then enters the aluminum ingot, affecting the quality of the finished product. The service life of the anode claws is generally about 3 years, which also increases the production cost accordingly. At the end of the life of the carbon block, the thickness of the anode butt that is too thin will inevitably lead to uneven conduction of the carbon electrode, which will lead to fluctuations in the working conditions of the electrolytic cell and increase power consumption

In order to improve the use of the existing anode carbon block, realize the production without residues, and reduce costs, it is not only to improve the anode carbon block, but also to improve the entire system related to the anode carbon block, while the existing aluminum electrolysis If the tank needs to be stopped for renovation, the upper structure of the electrolytic tank and the refractory heat preservation structure, anode rods, and cathode carbon blocks in the bottom tank shell will be completely scrapped, resulting in huge losses, and the cost of remanufacturing the structures such as the bus bar and gantry above the electrolytic tank is also high. very expensive

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