Lightweight oil shale hierarchical destructive distillation equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses lightweight oil shale hierarchical destructive distillation equipment. The lightweight oil shale hierarchical destructive distillation equipment comprises a crushing device, a compression grading device, an oil-gas separation device, a sandblasting destructive distillation device, a filter, an oil-gas dust collector and an oil receiving device, wherein the compression grading device comprises a compression grading chamber, a mesh screen capable of moving up and down and a primary destructive distillation calcining chamber which are sequentially connected, and the diameter of the compression grading chamber is larger than that of the primary destructive distillation calcining chamber; a power source is moved up and down to drive the mesh screen capable of moving up and down to perform reciprocating motion up and down in the compression grading chamber to screen oil shale particles; a small particle oil shale outlet is further formed in the position, close to the top, of the compression grading chamber and conveys small-particle oil shale to the sandblasting destructive distillation device through a conveying pipe, and the sandblasting destructive distillation device comprises a vertical sandblasting segment and a secondary calcining device; and the primary destructive distillation calcining chamber is also connected with the secondary calcining device. According to the lightweight oil shale hierarchical destructive distillation equipment, equipment is simplified, the cost is lowered and the oil receiving rate of oil shale is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil shale dry distillation system, in particular to a lightweight oil shale graded dry distillation equipment. Background technique [0002] The reaction process of thermal decomposition of solid or organic matter under air-isolated conditions is called dry distillation. The result of dry distillation is to generate various gases, steam and solid residues. The present invention mainly uses oil sand as the main dry distillation raw material. The slag containing combustible solid product carbon residue obtained by dry distillation is called semi-coke. [0003] In the current dry distillation system of solid heat carrier, the raw material enters the reactor, the semi-coke enters the semi-coke calcination equipment from the reactor, and the heat carrier enters the reactor from the semi-coke calcination equipment, all through the material itself as a sealing medium to prevent the inlet and outlet of the reacto...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] There are three typical devices for carbonization of small particle oil shale in foreign countries, one is the ATP furnace (Alberea-Taciuk Processor) in Australia, which is a solid heat carrier rotary retort furnace with huge equipment, complex structure, large power consumption, The operation is unstable, and the furnace is often shut down for maintenance. The operating rate is only about 50%, and the longest continuous operation is only 96 days.

One is the Galoter furnace in Estonia, which can process 0-25mm oil shale, with a processing capacity of 3000t / d. The problem with the equipment is that the operation rate is not high, the proportion of heavy oil is large, and there are mechanical operations, oil and gas Dust removal and flue gas dust removal and other issues

The third is the Tosco-II oil shale dry distillation technology developed by Tosco Corporation of the United States, which is used to process small particle oil shale. This system uses ceramic balls as the heat carrier, and the oil recovery rate reaches 90%. The problems with this equipment are: : High investment in equipment, large amount of maintenance, low thermal efficiency, and the latent heat (fixed carbon) in oil shale semi-coke is not utilized

The device uses thermal cycle gas to exchange heat with oil shale, part of the heat is lost in the external pipeline circulation, the heat utilization rate is low, and the equipment structure is complex

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