Harmlessness and reclamation treatment method of aluminum scrap electrolyte

A technology of aluminum electrolyte and treatment method, which is applied in the direction of aluminum halide, aluminum fluoride, alkali metal chloride, etc., can solve the problem of resource utilization of waste aluminum electrolyte that cannot be processed with fluoride salt, and achieves cheap price, single process, and reduced cost effect

Active Publication Date: 2018-10-19
NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] In order to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot process and recycle waste aluminum electrolytes based on cryolite fluoride salts, the present invention provides a harmless recycling technology for waste aluminum electrolytes to transform waste aluminum electrolytes into aluminum fluoride And get the by-product sodium salt for resource reuse

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] Take 50g of waste aluminum electrolyte from a factory (molecular ratio 2.5), crush and sieving to obtain aluminum electrolyte particles with a particle size of less than 100 mesh, take 200ml of 1mol / L sulfuric acid solution, heat it in a beaker and use electromagnetic stirring, use acidity meter And the fluoride ion selective electrode monitors the acidity change and the change of fluoride ion concentration during the neutralization process. The leaching temperature is 80°C, the stirring speed is 300r / min, the PH value is 2.5, and the leaching time is 3 hours. Add 1mol / L aluminum sulfate solution for fluoride precipitation, the temperature is 70℃, the pH value is reduced to 1, and the fluoride ion concentration of the solution is controlled. When the fluoride ion concentration is lower than 0.01g / L, the solution is filtered, and the filter residue is washed, Drying to obtain a basic aluminum fluoride product. The filtrate is adjusted and sent to the leaching process for...

Embodiment 2

[0028] Take 5000g of waste aluminum electrolyte from a certain factory (molecular ratio 2.3), crush and sieving to obtain aluminum electrolyte particles with a particle size of less than 50 mesh, take 15L of 1mol / L sulfuric acid solution, put it into the reaction vessel, heat and stir, use acidity meter and The fluoride ion selective electrode monitors the changes in acidity and fluoride ion concentration during the neutralization process. The leaching temperature is 50°C, the stirring speed is 300r / min, the PH value is 4, and the leaching time is 4 hours. Add 1mol / L aluminum sulfate solution for fluorine precipitation, the temperature is 90℃, the pH value is reduced to 0.5, and the fluoride ion concentration of the solution is controlled. When the fluoride ion concentration is lower than 0.01g / L, the solution is filtered and the filter residue is washed, Drying to obtain a basic aluminum fluoride product. The filtrate is adjusted and sent to the leaching process for recycling...

Embodiment 3

[0030] Take 50kg of waste aluminum electrolyte (molecular ratio 2.6) from a certain factory, crush and sieving to obtain aluminum electrolyte particles with a particle size of less than 50 mesh, take 400L of 1mol / L sulfuric acid solution, put it in a reaction vessel, heat and stir, use acidity meter and The fluoride ion selective electrode monitors the changes in acidity and fluoride ion concentration during the neutralization process. The leaching temperature is 30°C, the stirring speed is 300r / min, the PH value is 4.5, and the leaching time is 5 hours. Add 1mol / L aluminum sulfate solution for fluorine precipitation, the temperature is 85℃, the PH value is reduced to 1, and the fluoride ion concentration of the solution is controlled. When the fluoride ion concentration is less than 0.01g / L, the solution is filtered and the filter residue is washed, Drying to obtain a basic aluminum fluoride product. The filtrate is adjusted and sent to the leaching process for recycling.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a harmlessness and reclamation treatment method of aluminum scrap electrolyte and belongs to the technical field of inorganic chemistry. The method comprises the main steps that 1, aluminum scraps are electrolyzed and subjected to crushing and screening, and aluminum electrolyte particles are obtained; 2, acid liquor with the concentration of 1 mol/L and an aluminum salt solution with the concentration of 1 mol/L are prepared for standby application; 3, the aluminum electrolyte particles obtained in the step 1 are placed in the acid liquor prepared in the step 2 and leached on the heating and stirring conditions, the PH of the solution is controlled to be smaller than 5, when the fluorinion leaching rate is higher than 94%, leaching is finished, impurities are filtered, and a leaching solution is obtained; 4, the aluminum salt solution prepared in the step 2 is added to the leaching solution in the step 3, the mixture is heated and stirred, Al3+/Na+ is controlled to be larger than 0.3, when sediment is generated in the solution, the solution is filtered, filter residues and filter liquor are obtained, and the filter residues are washed and dried to obtain alkali type aluminum fluoride products; and 5, the filter liquor in the step 4 is evaporated and crystallized to obtain sodium salt products.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for detoxifying and recycling waste aluminum electrolytes, in particular to a method for transforming cryolite-based fluoride salts in waste aluminum electrolytes with acidic aluminum-containing solutions, and belongs to the technical field of inorganic chemistry. Background technique [0002] The acid-base degree of aluminum electrolyte is divided based on the composition of cryolite (3NaF·AIF 3 ) Is the boundary. Excessive AIF 3 When there is an excess of 3NaF, it is called an alkaline aluminum electrolyte; when it is composed of cryolite, it is called a neutral aluminum electrolyte. [0003] At present, all countries in the world use acidic aluminum electrolyte in aluminum electrolysis production, so there is only the problem of how to express its acidity. NaF and AIF in aluminum electrolyte 3 The ratio of the number of molecules is called cryolite ratio, commonly known as molecular ratio. When the molecular ratio is bet...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C25C3/18C01F7/50C01D5/02C01D9/04C01D3/04
CPCC01D3/04C01D5/02C01D9/04C01F7/50C22B7/007C25C3/18Y02P10/20
Inventor 王兆文陶文举杨酉坚
Owner NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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