Ultrahigh-speed cooling and rewarming method and ultrahigh-speed cooling and rewarming device

Abstract

The invention relates to an ultrahigh-speed cooling and rewarming method and an ultrahigh-speed cooling and rewarming device, which are used for the glass-state storage of biological samples, such ascells and tissues. The device comprises a chip module and a case, and the chip module is arranged in the case. The chip module is of a flat hollow structure, and the interior is a sample micro-cavity,which is used for containing a to-be-stored biological sample; and a microchannel or micro-rod array is engraved on the external surfaces of the two sides with the largest area on the chip module, and are used for heat exchange. The case is also a flat hollow structure, and the interior is a chip cavity which is used for containing the chip module; one side of the chip cavity communicates with aworking medium inlet via a micropore array and a pressure-stabilizing cavity, and the other side communicates with a working medium outlet; the micropore array is aimed at the microchannel or micro-rod array on the surface of the chip module, and a jet gap exists between both. According to the invention, after being injected, working medium is jetted onto the chip module by the micro-rod array, asuperstrong surface heat exchange effect is generated under the dual function of the micro-jet and the microchannels, and thereby the ultrahigh-speed cooling and rewarming of the sample inside is realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomedicine, and in particular relates to an ultra-high-speed cooling and rewarming method and device for vitrification and low-temperature storage of biological materials. Background technique [0002] Low temperature preservation is currently the only effective means for long-term preservation of many cells, tissues and other biological materials. Although biological materials can be stored safely at ultra-low temperatures for a long time, they are very likely to be severely damaged during cooling (from room temperature to ultra-low temperature) and rewarming (from ultra-low temperature to room temperature), which is the so-called low-temperature damage. With regard to the mechanism of low temperature damage, the academic community generally agrees that cell structure damage and solute concentration changes caused by the growth of ice crystals inside and outside cells are the main causes of low temperat...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The existing cooling methods essentially obtain a higher cooling rate by pool boiling (Pool boiling) of the sample in liquid nitrogen, but a large amount of liquid nitrogen vapor will be generated to wrap around the sample during the pool boiling process, which is harmful to the sample. Further cooling produces heat insulation, so the heat transfer efficiency is low; the existing rewarming method generally drives the temperature rise through the temperature difference between the sample and the rewarming liquid, and the heat transfer efficiency is lower, and as the sample temperature rises, the temperature difference decreases , the rewarming rate decays rapidly, and it is easy to cause problems such as devitrification

[0006] 2) Severe restrictions on sample volume

In the existing method, the sample is in the form of a hemisphere or a cylinder. As the volume of the sample increases, the heat transfer path inside the sample increases rapidly, and the maximum cooling rate that can be obtained is also greatly reduced, and the uniformity of cooling inside the sample cannot be guaranteed.

[0007] 3) Relying on manual operation, it is difficult to ensure standardization and consistency in the processing process, and the processing results are also heavily dependent on the operator's experience and technology

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