Method for separating rare earth elements from NdFeB alloy waste and directly preparing rare earth metals

A technology of rare earth elements and rare earth metals, which is applied to the field of separating rare earth elements from NdFeB alloy waste and directly preparing rare earth metals, which can solve the problems of high recovery rate of rare earths, generation of waste liquid containing acid or alkali, complex process, etc., to achieve The effect of avoiding pollution, good environmental benefits, and short process flow

Active Publication Date: 2019-12-31
INNER MONGOLIA UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This method has a high recovery rate of rare earths, but the process is complicated, and waste liquid containing acid or alkali will be generated, which has certain environmental problems.

Method used

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  • Method for separating rare earth elements from NdFeB alloy waste and directly preparing rare earth metals
  • Method for separating rare earth elements from NdFeB alloy waste and directly preparing rare earth metals
  • Method for separating rare earth elements from NdFeB alloy waste and directly preparing rare earth metals

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0032] This embodiment provides a method for separating rare earth elements from NdFeB alloy waste and directly preparing rare earth metals, including steps:

[0033] Cut the NdFeB alloy waste into 10mm×10mm×10mm blocks, place them in the anode basket made of molybdenum wire, and connect the anode basket with the anode of the DC power supply with molybdenum wire; wherein, the inductively coupled plasma spectrometer ( ICP-AES) analyzes the mass fraction of each component in the NdFeB alloy waste to be Nd27.1%, Pr8.1%, Fe63.7% and B1.1%;

[0034] The tungsten wire is used as the cathode, which is connected to the cathode of the DC power supply, and the platinum wire is used as the reference electrode;

[0035] Put LiF in a boron nitride crucible after vacuum drying at 400°C for 24 hours, and then place it in a vacuum electrolysis furnace; control the temperature at 850°C, and after the material in the crucible is melted, conduct electrolysis with direct current; among them, cont...

Embodiment 2

[0041] This embodiment provides a method for separating rare earth elements from NdFeB alloy waste and directly preparing rare earth metals, including steps:

[0042] Cut the NdFeB alloy waste into 10mm×10mm×10mm blocks, place them in the anode basket made of molybdenum wire, and connect the anode basket with the anode of the DC power supply with molybdenum wire; wherein, the inductively coupled plasma generation spectrometer ( ICP-AES) analyzes the mass fraction of each component in the NdFeB alloy waste to be Nd27.1%, Pr8.1%, Fe63.7% and B1.1%;

[0043] The tungsten wire is used as the cathode, which is connected to the cathode of the DC power supply, and the platinum wire is used as the reference electrode;

[0044]Put LiF in a boron nitride crucible after vacuum drying at 400°C for 24 hours, and then place it in a vacuum electrolysis furnace; control the temperature at 1100°C, and after the material in the crucible is melted, conduct electrolysis with direct current; among...

Embodiment 3

[0051] This embodiment provides a method for separating rare earth elements from NdFeB alloy waste and directly preparing rare earth metals, including steps:

[0052] Cut the NdFeB alloy waste into 10mm×10mm×10mm blocks, place them in the anode basket made of molybdenum wire, and connect the anode basket with the anode of the DC power supply with molybdenum wire; wherein, the inductively coupled plasma generation spectrometer ( ICP-AES) analyzes the mass fraction of each component in the NdFeB alloy waste to be Nd27.1%, Pr8.1%, Fe63.7% and B1.1%;

[0053] The tungsten wire is used as the cathode, which is connected to the cathode of the DC power supply, and the platinum wire is used as the reference electrode;

[0054] Combine LiF and NdF 3 Mix well after vacuum drying at 400°C for 24 hours, where NdF 3 The mass fraction is 80%; the uniformly mixed fluoride (LiF and NdF 3 ) in a boron nitride crucible, and then placed in a vacuum electrolytic furnace; the temperature is con...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for separating rare earth elements from neodymium iron boron alloy scrap and directly preparing rare earth metal. The method comprises the following steps: the cut neodymium iron boron alloy scrap is directly used as an anode, the rare earth elements in the alloy are selectively dissolved by controlling the potential of the anode, and the neodymium iron boron alloy scrap is enabled to form an open-pore microstructure by controlling the current density of the anode so as to promote rapid dissolution of the rare earth elements in the alloy into an electrolyte; only rare earth ions and lithium ions exist in the electrolyte, the rare earth metal can be directly prepared through electrolysis. By the method provided by the invention, not only the rare earth elements can be effectively separated from the neodymium iron boron alloy scrap, but also the rare earth metal can be directly prepared; meanwhile, no gas is produced during an anode reaction, so that environment pollution caused by anode gas produced during the conventional rare earth metal production is avoided; the method has good environmental, social and economic benefits.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of recycling NdFeB waste materials, in particular to a method for separating rare earth elements from NdFeB alloy waste materials and directly preparing rare earth metals. Background technique [0002] Since Sagawa et al. invented NdFeB magnetic materials in 1983, NdFeB is still the magnetic material with the largest magnetic energy product, so it has been widely used in many fields. At present, the world has produced more than 1.5 million tons of NdFeB magnetic materials, of which my country's output exceeds 1 million tons, and the output is still increasing at a rate of about 10% per year. The service life of ordinary NdFeB magnetic materials is 6-8 years, and the service life of high-performance NdFeB magnetic materials is about 20 years. These scrapped NdFeB alloy scraps contain about 30% of rare earth elements, mainly rare earth neodymium and praseodymium, and high-performance NdFeB materials also incl...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25C3/34
CPCC25C3/34
Inventor 杨育圣兰超群赵增武孙鹤李保卫
Owner INNER MONGOLIA UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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