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Separation and purification device for microplastics in marine sediments and using method

A technology for marine sediments and microplastics, which is applied in the preparation of test samples, etc., can solve the problems of poor data reliability and complicated extraction devices, and achieve the effects of easy removal, improved suspension effect, and reduced complexity.

Pending Publication Date: 2019-03-29
SOUTH CHINA UNIV OF TECH +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a separation and purification device and use method for microplastics in marine sediments, the purpose of which is to overcome the shortcomings of existing microplastics extraction devices in sediments, such as complexity and poor data reliability

Method used

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  • Separation and purification device for microplastics in marine sediments and using method
  • Separation and purification device for microplastics in marine sediments and using method
  • Separation and purification device for microplastics in marine sediments and using method

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0048] 1. Collect sediments in shallow coastal areas in environmentally stable areas, put them in sample bags, and bring them back to the laboratory for processing;

[0049] 2. Dry the collected sediments in an oven at 95°C to remove bulky substances and refine them;

[0050] 3. Prepare 3.0L of saturated sodium chloride solution, prepare biological tissue digestion solution (with an activity of 10u / mL~15u / mL), and prepare acid solution such as concentrated sulfuric acid;

[0051] 4. Add the refined sediment to the partition of the density liquid, add the density liquid, and turn on the stirrer (160rpm) for full stirring;

[0052] 5. Open the pore switch of the partition to make the sediment sink and stand still for 30 minutes, then open the scraper to let the suspended matter enter the branch pipe and flow into the primary purification bottle;

[0053] 6. Add the prepared enzymatic hydrolysis solution into the primary purification bottle, turn on the stirring function of the ...

Embodiment 2

[0058] 1) Collect 500g of marine sediment, dry it at 95°C, and refine the bulk sediment;

[0059] 2) Place the treated sediment at the partition 3 in the density liquid bottle 1, add 3.0L of saturated NaCl density liquid, stir well, and the rotation speed is 160rpm to form a suspension;

[0060] 3) Open the pore switch of the partition 3, so that the high-density sediment material sinks in the pores of the partition to achieve the separation of high-density and low-density materials; the partition 3 can be fully opened to place the agitator at a density The bottom of the liquid bottle can be partially opened to allow the sediment to sink from the pores (5mm ~ 10mm in diameter);

[0061] 4) Activate the scraper to make the substance in the upper suspension flow from the conduit into the primary purification bottle;

[0062] 5) Add biological tissue digestion solution (activity: 10u / mL~15u / mL) into the first-level purification bottle, start the stirring of the scraper (rotation...

Embodiment 3

[0066] Pulverize the purchased low-density polyethylene particles on a pulverizer, weigh 0.5234g, add 0.432g of microfiber products, and mix the two with 300g of soil evenly, as a simulated sediment sample.

[0067] The primary enzyme digestion step was removed, and the acid digestion was directly carried out, and other operating steps were consistent with Example 1.

[0068] Finally, the microplastic particles obtained on the filter disc are dried and stored for detection. The recovery rate of the sample reached 97.6%, and the microparticles were detected by infrared spectroscopy, all of which were microplastics.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a separation and purification device for microplastics in marine sediments and a using method. The device consists of a separation portion of microplastics and a purification portion of microplastics. The separation portion of microplastics comprises a density liquid bottle, a chassis, a separable partition, a first switch, a stirrer, a first scraper, a first conduit, and asecond switch. The top of the density liquid bottle is provided with a branch opening. The density liquid bottle is provided with the separable partition at one third of the bottom. The separable partition has a switch, so that the partition is separated from the center, and a centrifuge and the dense sediment and the like can sink. The bottom of the density liquid bottle is provided with the chassis and the stirrer. The scraper is placed in the density liquid bottle, and the bottom of the scraper is parallel to the top end of the density liquid bottle. The first conduit having a switch is connected to the branch opening. The device has high efficiency in separating and purifying microplastics, and has simple structure and easy disassembly, which is convenient for mounting and maintenance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of extracting microplastics in sediments detected in a marine environment, and in particular relates to a separation and purification device and a use method for microplastics in marine sediments. Background technique [0002] Plastics are polymer compounds prepared from various monomers and a certain amount of additives through polymerization reactions, resulting in a series of properties, such as light weight, chemical stability, and no rust. At present, the production of plastic products is very large, and related surveys show that the production of plastic products will double in the next 20 years. The recycling rate of plastic products is only about 10%, and most of the rest are discharged into the environment due to improper management. Due to the fact that plastics are not easy to degrade and decompose for a long time, a large number of plastic fragments exist in the environment, such as the atmosphe...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01N1/34G01N1/38
CPCG01N1/34G01N1/38Y02W30/62
Inventor 何海军陈学礼利锋卢桂宁甘华阳
Owner SOUTH CHINA UNIV OF TECH
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