134 results about "Ocean sediment" patented technology

A method for simultaneously extracting the macrogenomic DNA and total RNA of microbe from the sea sediment includes such steps as treating the sediment by modifying solution, adding sand, oscillating, adding proteinase and lysozyme, cracking adding SDS and PVPP solution, cracking further, adding extrant, extracting, depositing in isopropanol and purifying by nucleic acid adsortion resin.

The invention discloses a method for preparing modified activated charcoal. The method comprises the following process steps that: a woody material is dried, thermally decomposed and carbonized at a high temperature; charcoal blocks after carbonization are crushed, ground and sieved so as to obtain charcoal powder; the charcoal powder which is ground and sieved is adequately soaked in a hydrochloric acid solution and a sodium hydroxide solution in turn; the charcoal powder which is soaked in the hydrochloric acid solution and the sodium hydroxide solution and dried is activated in a high-temperature furnace; and the activated charcoal powder after high-temperature activation and anhydrous sodium sulfate are put into a glass chromatography column containing acetone in turn so as to prepare an activated charcoal glass chromatography column. The method for preparing the modified activated charcoal has the advantages of low cost, easy operation and applicability to the separation of sixteen types of organic chloride pesticides and ten types of polychlorinated biphenyls in marine environmental samples (marine organisms, marine sediments and seawater).

The invention discloses shewanella spp and application thereof in a microbial fuel cell and relates to the technical field of biology. The shewanella spp is shewanella xiamenensis sp.nov.S4 preserved in the 'China Center for Type Culture Collection' in January, 2009 with the preservation number of CCTCC M 209017. The shewanella spp has the characteristics of negative Gram stain, rod-shaped and straight thallus, two circular ends, diameter of 0.3 to 1.2mu m, length of 2.5 to 5.8mu m, single or paired existence and short-chain arrangement, single flagella on the thallus, mobility, capability of producing electricity in a seawater environment and higher electricity production activity and is obtained by separating marine sediments near the sea.

The invention provides deep-sea-sourced penicillium F11 capable of producing compound secalonic acid F with cytotoxic activity. The penicillium F11 is separated out from oceanic sediments; an ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequence is obtained through amplification by use of primers ITS4 and ITS5; and identified by a BLAST (basic local alignment search tool), the penicillium F11 is Penicilliumsp. and has the collection number of CCTCC (China Center for Type Culture Collection) NO:M 2010246. By virtue of activity screening, the EtoAc extract of the fermentation liquor of the penicillium F11 has a favorable cytotoxic effect on tumor cells; and by virtue of metabolic product separation, the compound secalonic acid F with favorable cytotoxic activity is obtained. The penicillium F11 provided by the invention is capable of producing the compound secalonic acid F with cytotoxic activity, thereby providing a new possibility for producing the compound through fermentation.

An apparatus and method for generating power from the voltage gradient naturally found in marine sediments. A pump flows sediment porewater to an anode, and a cathode is exposed to marine water. The arrangement can power a circuit.

The invention discloses shewanella and application thereof in a microbiological fuel cell, and relates to the technical field of biology. The shewanella is Shewanella marisflavi EP1 which is preserved in 'China Center for Type Culture Collection' in January 2009 with the preservation number of CCTCC M 209016. The shewanella is characterized in that: the shewanella is gram-negative; the thalli are rod-shaped and straight; two ends are circular; the diameter is 0.3 to 1.0 micro; the length is 2.5 to 6.0 micros; the thalli can singly exist or are arranged in pair or in a short-chain shape; and the thalli have autogenetic flagella and can move. The shewanella is separated from offshore ocean sediments, has wide salt ion concentration tolerance activity, and can generate power in electrode liquid at the concentration of up to 8 percent. Therefore, the internal resistance of the microbiological fuel cell is effectively reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fuel battery, and provides a method for constructing ocean sediment microbial fuel battery with high output voltage and high output power. The high output power of the battery mainly derives from high output voltage, and the high output voltage is realized by adopting a graphite anode with ferric oxide electrolytically deposited thereon. Due to the electrolytic deposition of ferric oxide on the graphite anode, the potential of the anode modified by ferric oxide reaches -775 mV (with respect to saturated calomel electrode), and the maximum exchange current density is 0.00124 A / cm<2>. The novel ocean sediment microbial fuel battery constructed by the graphite anode has an output voltage of about 1.0 to 1.1 V, and maximum output power density of 743.7 mW / m<2>, which is 17 times that of battery assembled with unmodified anode.

The invention discloses a method for rapid detection of mercury content in ocean sediments. The method includes the following steps: a) weighing a wet sample of ocean sediments and preparing a liquid sample to be tested; b) digesting the liquid sample by a sulfuric acid-nitric acid-potassium permanganate digestion method, completely transforming mercury ions into divalent mercury, and reducing excessive oxidant; c) reducing the divalent mercury in the liquid sample to be tested into metallic mercury by using boron hydride; and d) detecting the mercury content in the liquid sample by using a hydride atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The invention provides a determination method with high degree of automation, and can rapidly determine mercury content in a variety of sample sources; and compared with the conventional method, the method is more labor-saving and time-saving in operation, and has high accuracy and high sensitivity.

This invention relates to a measurer for oceanic sediment thermal conductivity in-situ measuring system, which comprises: a measuring probe, an attitude detection circuit, a thermal impulse excitation circuit, a temperature collection circuit, a CPU, I / O, and a memory. Wherein, the measuring device comprises: a. a memory; b. an input device; c. a detection device; d. a calculation device to calculate the thermal conductivity by formula k=0.029275*Q / (Tmtm) and store the data in an EFPROM; e. an output device. This device improves measurement precision by filter, high-bit A / D conversion and complex algorithm, cuts time to 1~2min, and has simple structure with light weight for convenient communication.

A simple ocean sediment sample separating device for paleomagnetism research comprises support end plates (1), steel plates (2) with scales, blades, sliders (4 and 5), screw rods (6) and shaking handles (7), wherein the blades are mounted on the steel plates (2), a transparent adhesive tape support (8) is mounted on the slider (4), a thread counterbore is formed in the middle of the slider (4) and matched with one screw rod (6), a thread counterbore (11) is formed in the middle of the slider (5) and matched with the other screw rod (6), threaded through holes are formed in the middle of the support end plates (1) and matched with the screw rods (6), the shaking handles (7) are connected with the screw rods (6) through inside hexagonal bolts, any number of sample boxes (12) with openings on one surface can be clamped between two sliders, all that is required is to make the opening surfaces of the sample boxes to face downward and press the sample boxes into ocean sediments by uniform force for one time during sampling, and the sampling can be completed.

The invention relates to the technical field of marine sediment contamination detection, in particular to a dispersive solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection method of aphthalic acid ester environmental hormone in a marine sediment. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) sample collection, (2) sampling and ultrasonic extraction, (3) concentration, (4) dispersive solid-phase extraction purification, (5) concentration and constant volume, (6) detection by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detector, (7) standard curve drawing and (8) determination ofa recovery rate. The method is simple to operate; the ultrasonic extraction efficiency is high; pretreatment of a sample can be accomplished quickly; graphitized carbon black is used as a solid-phaseadsorbent for the first time; the dispersive solid-phase extraction efficiency is high; a purification effect is good; the method is higher in sensitivity, recovery rate and repeatability; a detection limit of 16 phthalic acid esters is 0.1-0.25 micrograms per kg; the recovery rate is 78-117%; a relative standard deviation (n=5) is 2.4-6.8%; and the method can be applied to the accurate determination of a phthalic acid ester content in the marine sediment.

The invention provides an apparatus for acquisition of marine sediment porewater and on-line in-situ detection of gas in the porewater. The apparatus can realize in-situ, rapid and cyclic acquisition of the porewater and on-line in-situ detection of the composition and content of gas in the porewater. According to a technical scheme in the invention, the apparatus is characterized by comprising a counterweight (1), a shell (2), a gas cylinder (17) and a single-layer sampling point device (13), wherein the counterweight (1) is connected with the shell (2), the counterweight (1) is provided with a power supply and a signal path device (18), and the gas cylinder (17) and the single-layer sampling point device (13) are arranged in the shell (2) and connected with each other. The invention also discloses a control method for the apparatus.

An apparatus having a metallic manganese anode; a cathode capable of reducing at least one species found in marine water; and a rig coupled to the anode and the cathode capable of maintaining the anode below a marine sediment surface and maintaining the cathode above marine the sediment surface. A method of generating power by: positioning in marine sediment a metallic manganese anode; positioning in marine water a cathode capable of reducing at least one species found in marine water; and connecting electrical leads between the anode, the cathode, and an electrical load.

The invention discloses a deep-sea sediment core pressure-maintaining device matched with a submarine drilling rig and a method for using the deep-sea sediment core pressure-maintaining device. The deep-sea sediment core pressure-maintaining device comprises an upper seal cover, a metal hollow drilling rod, a sampling tube and a lower seal cover, wherein the sampling tube is arranged in the metal hollow drilling rod; the metal hollow drilling rod is connected with the upper seal cover and the lower seal cover by fine threads; the upper seal cover and the lower seal cover respectively comprise an inflation valve, a top cover, a pressure shell, an expandable air cushion and O rings; the top cover and the expandable air cushion are arranged in the pressure shell; the O rings are arranged between the pressure shell and the top cover and between the pressure shell and the expandable air cushion; and the inflation valve is arranged on the top cover. The deep-sea sediment core pressure-maintaining device is matched with the submarine drilling rig, can maintain in-situ pressure in the process of extracting deep-sea sediments from a sea bed to a sea surface, and can guarantee non-loss of hydrocarbon gas such as methane gas and non-melting of a hydrate. The invention is applied to drilling and coring ocean sediments by using the submarine drilling rig and can be widely applied to exploration of ocean resources such as the hydrate and deep-sea oil and gas resources.

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean sampling and in particular discloses an in-situ testing device and method for emissions of endogenous pollutants in ocean sediments under a simulated wave action. The in-situ testing device comprises an experimental platform, and is characterized in that a battery compartment, a collection bin and a test chamber are arranged on the experimentalplatform; a hydraulic device is arranged on the top of the experimental platform; a cylinder is arranged on the top of the test chamber and connected with a pressure plate by virtue of a connecting rod; water intake holes of different heights are formed in inner walls of the test chamber; water inlets are formed in middle position of outer walls; a plurality of vacuum sampling bottles connected with sampling tubes are arranged in the collection bin; and the test chamber and the collection bin are connected with the battery compartment. The in-situ testing device disclosed by the invention isreasonable in design and flexible in application, can be applied to in-situ experiments of bottom sediments, the problem that the original structure of the sediments is difficult to maintain in the indoor test sediment sampling process is solved, load conditions under different natural conditions are simulated, and the endogenous release rules of the bottom sediments are disclosed.

The invention discloses a marine geological sediment sampling structure comprising a supporting table, a plurality of adjusting devices, collecting devices, and cover sealing devices. The plurality ofadjusting devices that can be expanded or closed are installed on the top of the supporting table and are distributed circumferentially along the central axis of the supporting table. The collectingdevices are arranged on the adjusting devices and are used for sampling. The cove sealing devices arranged on the adjusting devices are used for sealing the collecting devices. The adjusting devices include driving assemblies installed on the supporting table and fixed cylinders that are installed on the driving assemblies and can oscillate with the driving assemblies within a range of 180 degrees. The sealing devices include fixed benches installed on the cylindrical surfaces of the fixed cylinders, transmission cylinders installed on the fixed benches, transmission assemblies being installedon the transmission cylinders and being used for providing power, and cover sealing structures installed on the driving assemblies. According to the invention, defects in the prior art are overcome;a special sampling structure for marine sediments is provided; and with the structure, multi-point sampling is realized with low sample losses.

The invention provides a biochar restorer for heavy-metal polluted marine deposits and preparation and restoration methods for the biochar restorer and relates to the field of marine pollution treatment. The preparation method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: 1) treatment of raw materials: drying plant raw materials, and carrying out crushing and sieving; drying sewage treatment flocculant wastes in the air, and carrying out crushing and sieving; and adding water into flocculating wastes to prepare turbid fluid, uniformly mixing the plant raw materials and the flocculant wastes according to a mass ratio of 1: 1, and carrying out baking and crushing, so as to obtain a raw-material mixture; and 2) preparation of restorer: pyrolyzing the raw-material mixture in a hermetic electric furnace in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, and carrying out cooling in the nitrogen gas atmosphere after pyrolyzing ends up, thereby obtaining the biochar restorer. After the restorer providedby the invention is used, the bioavailability level of heavy metals in the marine deposits can be obviously reduced, and the toxic action on marine benthos caused by the heavy metals is alleviated.

The invention provides a detection method for determining content of lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, zinc and nickel in marine sediments by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The methodcomprises the following steps of preparation of a standard using solution, preparation of a standard solution, preparation of a test solution, reagent blank solution, determination and the like. Themethod has the characteristics of being simple in spectral line, high in sensitivity, fast in speed, less in interference and the like, and quantitative determination of the six elements can be simultaneously realized within a few minutes. The method can provide a standard detection method for determining the content of heavy metals in the marine sediments for the society, research results providea scientific technical standard and technical basis for the quality supervision of government departments, and the method has important academic value and application prospect in the aspects of accelerating the marine environment, protecting marine resources, preventing pollution damage and the like.

The invention discloses a thermal activation type production device for production of natural gas hydrates in ocean sediments. The thermal activation type production device comprises a drilling platform and a vertical drilling hole, wherein the bottom part of the vertical drilling hole extends into a natural gas hydrate area; the part, extending into the natural gas hydrate, of the vertical drilling hole is provided with at least one horizontal section hole cavity; an air intake pipeline, a waste gas exhaust pipeline and a natural gas collecting pipeline are arranged in the vertical drilling hole; a plurality of natural gas collecting holes are formed in the natural gas collecting pipeline and are used for natural gas to enter; a combustion chamber is arranged in each horizontal section hole cavity; a spark plug, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the combustion chamber, and the spark plug is used for igniting internal gas; an air intake pipe of the combustion chamber is communicated with an air intake pipeline, and a waste gas output pipe of the combustion chamber is communicated with a waste gas exhaust pipeline. The thermal activation type production device has the advantage that by controlling quantitative combusting in the combustion chamber, and circulating air exhaust, air intake, combustion and the like, the natural gas hydrate area can be stably heated, and finally the natural gas is collected.

The invention relates to the technical field of bottom samplers and in particular to a layered bottom sampler for marine ecosystem research. The layered bottom sampler comprises a sampling inner cylinder and a sampling outer cylinder sheathed outside the sampling inner cylinder. The sampling inner cylinder and the sampling outer cylinder are fastened through fastening screws. Outer side of the sampling outer cylinder is sheathed with a screwing column. The sampling outer cylinder is rotatably installed in the screwing column. While the screwing column is rotated, the sampling outer cylinder can keep a non-rotating state. Interference to settlings in marine sediment layering and sampling work is reduced. The outer side of the screwing column is spirally provided with a spiral wheel. A center of the upper end of a screwing column cover at the top of the screwing column is connected with a rotating shaft of a screwing motor. The exterior of the screwing motor is provided with a sealing housing. The upper end of the interior of the sealing housing is provided with a storage battery. A center of the top of the sealing housing is provided with a hanging hook. The hanging hook is connected with a lifting rope winding receiving-releasing device through a lifting rope. The layered bottom sampler is capable of performing the marine sediment layering and sampling work in low interference,and completely acquiring a deep marine sediment sample.

The invention discloses a method for dispersive solid phase extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection of organotin environmental hormones in marine sediments. The method determines organotin in marine sediments by adopting ultrasonic extraction, first dispersion solid phase extraction purification, derivatization and back extraction, second dispersion solid phase extraction and purification, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, which is easy to operate and can quickly complete sample pretreatment, wherein two times of dispersion solid phase extraction are firstly used forpurification, the entire dispersion solid phase extraction and purification plus derivatization and back extraction processes only takes 20-30min, the results are accurate, the detection limits of thenine organotins are 0.2-0.5[mu]g / kg, the recovery is 82-117%, and the relative standard deviation (n=5) is 3.8-8.2%, which has high sensitivity and satisfactory recovery and reproducibility and can be used to determine the content of organotin in marine sediments.

Provided is an apparatus for collecting marine deposits. The apparatus for collecting marine deposits of the present invention includes: a piston corer for collecting a deep part of marine deposits having an external body stuck in the deep part of a sea bottom while serving as a cylinder body and having a piston body positioned in the external body 11 to move up and down and serving as a piston; a corer for collecting a surface part of marine deposits including a deposit inserting pipe in a pipe shape stuck in the surface part of the sea bottom and extending downwardly from a frame and an upper cover and a lower cover blocking the upper and lower portions of the deposits inserting pipe when the deposits inserting pipe is stuck in the sea bottom and first contacting the sea bottom than the piston corer for collecting a deep part of marine deposits while having a weight guiding the falling of the piston corer for collecting a deep part of marine deposits; and a trigger body connecting the corer for collecting a surface part of marine deposits and the piston corer for collecting a deep part of marine deposits to each other while being maintained at a laterally set interval and when the corer for collecting a surface part of marine deposits is safely seated at the sea bottom, free-falling the piston corer for collecting a deep part of marine deposits to be stuck in the deep part of the sea bottom while a rope connected to the piston corer for collecting a deep part of marine deposits is instantly untied. The apparatus for collecting marine deposits can greatly save costs consumed to collect marine deposits and increase accuracy of collecting the marine deposits.

The invention discloses a delay-start type multi-motor synchronous vibrating subglacial water sediment sampler, which comprises an electric pressure chamber, a vibration pressure chamber, a sampling tube component and a guiding counterweight unit, wherein the electric pressure chamber is arranged at the top end, and the vibration pressure chamber, the sampling tube component and the guiding counterweight unit are sequentially assembled at the lower part of the electric pressure chamber; the lower end of the electric pressure chamber is connected with the upper end of the vibration pressure chamber through a vibration damping unit, and the lower end of the vibration pressure chamber is connected with the upper end of the sampling tube component through a connecting locking device; the upperend of the guiding counterweight unit is suspended at the lower end of the sampling tube component. The delay-start type multi-motor synchronous vibrating subglacial water sediment sampler disclosedby the invention has the beneficial effects of being beneficial to obtain deep sediment samples, overcoming the defect that the external guide support in marine sediment sampling equipment can not beused, and realizing the vibration mode of the sampler in a single direction. The whole sampler adopts a modular design, and is convenient to disassemble and assemble, maintain and replace, and the surface working time is saved.

The invention belongs to the field of an application of environmental organic pollutant analysis methods, and particularly relates to an application of integrated accelerated solvent extraction and purification in a pretreatment method for determining polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and polychlorinated biphenyl organic pollutants in marine sediments and quality control of interferents. A marine sediment sample can achieve integration of extraction and purification through the method, an extraction solvent is n-hexane: dichloromethane (1: 1, v / v), an extraction temperature is 80-140 DEG C, a cycle index is 3-8, and static extraction time is 5-20 min; a purification adsorbent is 0.5-2g of Florisil, the silica gel, neutral aluminum oxide, alkaline aluminum oxide, acidic aluminum oxide and Mg-Al-LDO; and an isotope dilution gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method is adopted for detection, an adding standard recovery rate of 16 PAHs in a sample is 80%-120%, the adding standard recovery rate of 7 PCBs is 85%-120%, and a relative standard deviation is 0.5%-6.0%. The pretreatment method is a green, simple, convenient and rapid method for detecting the organic pollutants in the marine sediment sample.

The invention discloses an on-line solid phase extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection method for organotin in marine sediment. The method comprises the following steps of (1) samplepreparation; (2) microwave-assisted extraction; (3) water addition for making up to a volume; (4) online solid phase extraction purification-derivatization; (5) concentration and making up to a volume; (6) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection; (7) standard curve drawing; (8) sample determination. The method has the advantages that the operation is simple, the sample pretreatment can bequickly completed, a C70 column is adopted for the first time to achieve online enrichment, purification and derivatization, it only takes 12-15 minutes in the whole online solid phase extraction purification-derivatization process, the C70 column can be used multiple times, the service cycle is 6 months, the result is accurate, the detection limit of nine kinds of organotin is 0.2-0.5 microgram / kg, the recovery rate is 78-119%, the relative standard deviation (n=5) is 3.4-9.6%, and the method has high sensitivity, a satisfactory recovery rate and great reproducibility.

The invention discloses a method for quickly detecting polyaromatic hydrocarbons in seawater or marine sediments by utilizing gene expression change. The method disclosed by the invention is used for detecting the polyaromatic hydrocarbons in seawater or the marine sediments by taking mugilogobius chulae as an experimental animal, and a mugilogobius chulae cytochrome P4502K3 gene, a multidrug-resistant gene 1 or a phosphatide phosphatase gene as biological markers. The method disclosed by the invention is used for quickly detecting the polyaromatic hydrocarbons by using a standardized organism as the experimental animal for the first time and through screening the three screened novel biological markers, has the advantages of being high in credibility, good in repeatability, free from background pollution risk, short in detection period, high in sensitivity, low in cost and the like, plays a great role in promoting a current marine polyaromatic hydrocarbon detection technology and has good popularization and application prospects.

The invention provides a preparation method of a modified anode of a marine sediment microbial fuel cell, and belongs to the technical field of a microbial fuel cell. The method comprises the steps: selecting a graphite rod with the diameter being 1.6cm, the length being 10cm and the surface area being 54cm<2> as a graphite anode, polishing the surface of the graphite to be smooth by respectively utilizing abrasive paper of 180, 360, 600 and 800, preparing a Mn<2+>+Fe3O4+Ni<2+>graphite anode from ferroferric oxide, manganese sulfate, graphite powder, kaoline and nickel chloride hexahydrate as raw materials, wherein the particle size of the graphite powder is 500 meshes, the particle size of the kaoline is 400 meshes, mixing the ferroferric oxide, the manganese sulfate, the graphite powder, the kaoline and the nickel chloride hexahydrate respectively according to a mass ratio of 6 percent, 3 percent, 58 percent, 30 percent and 2 percent, wherein the total mass of the ferroferric oxide, the manganese sulfate, the graphite powder, the kaoline and the nickel chloride hexahydrate is 4g. The method has advantages that the conductivity of a composite cathode prepared by adopting the method is obviously improved.