Method for treating vegetable straws

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for treating vegetable straws. The method adopts a direct grinding method, and comprises the following steps: during rotation of crops, cleaning a mulching film, rolling lifting ropes, uniformly grinding vegetable straws into greenhouse, and spreading actinomycete strains and anaerobe strains onto the ground straws; during summer rotation of crops, spreading manure, bone powder, fermented cake fertilizer and soybeans on the ground straws before actinomycete strains and anaerobe strains are spread; performing rotary tillage on vegetable straws and the like together in the soil, and performing different operations: in summer, irrigating soil after rotary tillage, keeping soil humidity to be 80-90 percent, fermenting for 15-20 days, performing rotary tillage once again, levelling the ground and planting; in winter, levelling the ground after rotary tillage, and planting; and performing drop irrigation or irrigation on vegetable seedlings with organic nutrient liquid fertilizer after planting, performing normal management. The method can save resources, prevent bacteria and ova carried by vegetables or straws from polluting a deposited soil, and can save a great number of labor and materials.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for processing vegetable straw, belonging to the technical field of agriculture. Background technique [0002] In 2018, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Opinions on the Implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy" (Zhongfa [2018] No. 1, hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"). The "Opinions" clearly pointed out that rural revitalization and industrial prosperity are the key points. We must adhere to the quality and green development of agriculture. At the same time, we must "strengthen the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution, carry out agricultural green development actions, and achieve input reduction and clean production. , Recycling of waste and ecologicalization of industrial models. Promote the substitution of organic fertilizers for chemical fertilizers, livestock and poultry manure treatment, comprehensive utilization of ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the comprehensive utilization of straw still has problems such as low utilization rate, short industrial chain and unreasonable industrial layout.

The main reasons for the existence of these problems are: first, the lack of understanding of the comprehensive utilization of straw, the straw is not really regarded as a resource, the lack of overall planning, and the promotion of comprehensive utilization is weak

Second, straw resources and utilization status are not clear

For a long time, due to insufficient attention to straw utilization and other reasons, although relevant departments and experts have carried out some investigation and analysis work, there are still problems such as unclear straw resources and unclear utilization status.

Third, the market mechanism is not perfect, and there is a lack of policy incentives

At present, effective market mechanisms and storage and transportation systems have not been established in various places, the commercialization level of straw is low, and there is a lack of specific policies and measures to encourage the comprehensive utilization of straw, and the development of the straw industry lags behind.

Fourth, there is a lack of practical supporting technologies for the peasant economy

[0004] When it comes to growing vegetables in greenhouses and sheds, during the period of planting, management and harvesting, a large number of vegetable leaves and fruits will fall off; at the same time, after the vegetables are harvested, a large amount of vegetable straw will also be produced, because they may carry germs and insects. As a result, growers usually do not directly crush the straw and return it to the field; at present, the grower usually discards the straw, fallen vegetable leaves and fruits directly, which will lead to waste of resources on the one hand, On the other hand, because it may carry germs and insect eggs, it will cause pollution to the accumulation place.

[0005] In order to solve the problem of accumulation and pollution, some local governments have funded to concentrate the discarded straws in relatively large workshops for processing, and then incinerate them for power generation. A lot of manpower and material resources. Take Daotian Town, Shouguang City, Shandong Province as an example. There are tens of thousands of winter warm vegetable greenhouses in this area. Every time the stubble is changed, it is necessary to ask someone to pull out the vegetable straw and transport it to the designated address. At present, every The cost of stubble pulling straw is about 600 yuan, and the transportation cost is about 200 yuan. Each greenhouse grows vegetables twice a year, and the power plant still needs to deal with it, which requires a lot of money

[0006] In addition, when changing stubble planting, it is necessary to carry out stuffy shed treatment first in summer, but in winter, due to the low temperature, stuffy shed treatment cannot be carried out. The purpose of stuffy shed treatment is to kill pest eggs in the soil. The temperature of the greenhouse is generally 60°C-80°C. At this temperature, it can only kill part of the living pests on the surface, but it has no effect on spores and eggs. And when the temperature in the greenhouse is 60°C-80°C, the depth The underground temperature greater than 5cm is still low, and it is impossible to kill insect eggs and germs below 5cm below the surface. When vegetables are planted again, there will also be many diseases and insect pests, so the effect of stuffy sheds is not ideal.