Proton exchange membrane electrode, fuel cell, galvanic pile, and manufacturing method of cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a proton exchange membrane electrode, a fuel cell, a galvanic pile, and a manufacturing method of the cell. The fuel cell comprises a hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen flowfield plate and a proton exchange membrane electrode between the hydrogen flow field plate and the oxygen flow field plate, the proton exchange membrane electrode comprises a first diffusion layer, afirst catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, a second catalyst layer and a second diffusion layer which are stacked in sequence, and further comprises two electric conduction and heat conductionthin film layers which are located on the outer sides of the two diffusion layers respectively, and are used for leading out current generated by an electrochemical reaction in a bypassing manner without passing through the hydrogen flow field plate and the oxygen flow field plate. Reaction current and reaction heat can be diffused to the periphery of a reactor from the middle of the reactor, thecurrent is conducted to two ends of the reactor through an out-of-reactor circuit, and the reaction heat can be dissipated through air or a liquid around the reactor, so that the flow field plates inthe galvanic pile do not need to have a conductive function, the temperature in the fuel cell galvanic pile is maintained, the normal operation of the galvanic pile is guaranteed, and the galvanic pile with high power, stable performances and high power-weight ratio can be realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention generally relates to fuel cells, and more particularly relates to a device for generating electrical energy by reacting fuel gas (such as hydrogen, methane, ethanol gas, etc.) with air, which can be used as power generation equipment for various vehicles, various The power supply device for equipment, etc. relates to the application of graphene-based high thermal conductivity materials in the field of new energy, and also relates to the design and manufacturing method of energy devices generated by chemical reactions between fuel gas and air. Background technique [0002] A hydrogen fuel cell stack is a device that converts the chemical energy of the hydrogen-oxygen reaction into electrical energy. It generally consists of a cathode flow field plate, an anode flow field plate, and a membrane electrode between them. The membrane electrode consists of five layers including diffusion layer, catalyst layer and proton membrane. The me...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

There are three main problems with metal plate stacks: first, as mentioned above, the liquid-cooled pipes occupy a large amount of space inside the reactor, which reduces the utilization rate of the proton membrane and catalyst in the reactor and increases the cost of the reactor; secondly, the electrical conductivity of general metals Poor performance, which hinders the movement of electrons during the hydrogen-oxygen reaction, and the strong current generated during the operation of the high-power stack will cause the metal plate to heat up; again, the proton flow is generated during the operation of the stack, which is strongly acidic and has a corrosive effect on the metal. Under the action of current and hydrogen, the metal undergoes hydrogen embrittlement to reduce its strength, and at the same time produces metal ions, which are toxic to the metal in the catalyst

Among them, the graphite bipolar plate has the characteristics of stable performance, good conductivity, no corrosion and no metal ion pollution, but the air-cooled heat dissipation efficiency is low, and the hydrogen-oxygen battery stack cannot be manufactured; the metal bipolar plate has the characteristics of high water-cooled heat dissipation efficiency, but generally Poor metal conductivity, easy to corrode, easy to hydrogen embrittlement, etc.

The root cause of these problems is that the flow field plate integrates many functions such as gas flow field, conduction, heat dissipation, and acid corrosion resistance in the stack, making the flow field plate that fully meets these requirements expensive, difficult to manufacture, and difficult to scale up. Large-scale commercial promotion and application of hydrogen stacks

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