Electric arc welding preparation process of six-axis 3D printing robot

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric arc welding preparation process of a six-axis 3D printing robot. The electric arc welding preparation process is characterized in that a laser beam and an electricarc jointly move along an abutted seam in a large-range space, meanwhile, the laser beam does oscillation scanning motion in a local tiny area around an electric arc acting point, and the actual welding track is a curve formed by superposing the two kinds of motion; and the optimal range of the oscillation scanning displacement of the laser beam is -2 mm to 3 mm in the X-axis direction, -5 mm to 5mm in the Y-axis direction, and -2 mm to 2 mm in the Z-axis direction, and the oscillation frequency is 20-500 Hz. According to the electric arc welding preparation process of the six-axis 3D printing robot, the enhanced technical effect is formed through the interaction between the laser beam oscillation scanning effect and the laser-electric arc synergistic effect, and the weld joint quality isimproved; and compared with existing laser-electric arc hybrid welding and laser scanning welding, the electric arc welding preparation process has the advantages that the weld joint pore inhibitioncapacity is higher, and the weld joint strength is improved by 10%-50%.

Description

technical field [0001] The hybrid welding technology of the present invention specifically relates to a six-axis 3D printing robot arc welding preparation process, especially suitable for laser beam-arc hybrid welding of metal materials. Background technique [0002] Laser-arc hybrid welding utilizes the interaction between the two heat sources of laser and arc, which has better welding characteristics, and has the advantages of large laser welding penetration, good joint quality, high efficiency, small deformation and good arc welding bridging performance. The advantages of strong adaptability to complex environments are currently one of the most eye-catching metal material connection technologies. However, the significant difference in welding characteristics between arc and laser has resulted in a series of technical difficulties that need to be overcome in terms of weld shape and joint microstructure uniformity in laser-arc hybrid welds. Specifically, the low energy den...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The problem is that it is difficult to implement the laser beam scanning movement driven by robots or other mechanical means, not only the response time is slow, the vibration frequency is too low, the stability is poor, the laser beam scanning path is single, and the structure of the process is complicated, so the Technology research and application are very limited

Laser galvanometer scanning welding can refine the weld grains, reduce the tendency of cracks, and improve the strength of the joint through the oscillation scanning of the laser beam, but because the laser welding molten pool is too narrow, the solidification speed is too fast, and the laser pinhole is unstable, The ability of this process to suppress porosity is relatively limited, and the tendency of weld porosity is still very large, which cannot meet the welding needs of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy and other light alloy structures.