Coaxial multi-beam laser synthesis axis powder feeding ultrahigh-speed laser cladding head and cladding method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a coaxial multi-beam laser synthesis axis powder feeding ultrahigh-speed laser cladding head and a cladding method thereof. The laser cladding head comprises a laser cavity, a shielding gas cavity and a water cooling cavity which are sequentially and coaxially arranged from inside to outside, wherein a powder mixing cavity and a flying light path system are arranged in the laser cavity; an umbrella-shaped powder separator and a powder feeding nozzle are arranged in the powder mixing cavity; the umbrella-shaped powder separator is fixed to the center of a rear cover of the laser cladding head through the root; powder feeding needles are further arranged on the rear cover of the laser cladding head and are annularly arranged along the umbrella-shaped powder separator;the flying light path system is annularly arranged along the powder mixing cavity; and a light outlet of the laser cavity is formed in the periphery of the powder feeding nozzle and is annular. The laser cladding head has the beneficial effects that the laser spot area is large, the spot energy gradient distribution can be designed and adjusted, the functions of base material preheating and cladding layer remelting can be synchronously achieved, and therefore the requirement for high-speed laser cladding is met; and compared with a high-power laser device, cost is lower.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of surface engineering and remanufacturing coatings, in particular to an ultra-high-speed laser cladding head with coaxial multi-beam laser synthesis and axial powder feeding and a cladding method thereof. Background technique [0002] Compared with surfacing welding, laser cladding technology has the advantages of low dilution and wide application of powder materials; compared with vapor deposition and electroplating, it has high bonding strength, wide application materials and can prepare thick coatings. Compared with thermal spraying, it has the advantages of high coating adhesion and metallurgical bonding with the substrate. Therefore, its application prospects in the field of surface modification and repair are very broad. However, due to the limitation of high-power laser technology in my country, the processing speed of laser cladding is not high, so it cannot be applied to large-area surface rapid treatment a...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The present invention provides a coaxial multi-beam laser synthesis method to solve the problems of insufficient energy required for melting powder, low powder utilization rate in powder feeding mode, and low cladding efficiency of traditional laser spot area when the laser spot moves at high speed. Axial powder-feeding ultra-high-speed laser cladding head and its cladding method

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