Heat pump type heat management system of electric automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat pump type heat management system of an electric automobile. The system comprises a refrigerant loop, a warm air cooling liquid loop, a battery cooling liquid loop and a motor cooling liquid loop. The refrigerant loop exchanges heat with the warm air cooling liquid loop through a water-cooled condenser, the refrigerant loop exchanges heat with the warm air cooling liquid loop through a water-cooled condenser, the refrigerant loop and the battery cooling liquid loop exchange heat through a battery cooling heat exchanger, and the motor cooling liquid loop and the warm air cooling liquid loop are communicated, so that a loop can be formed between the motor cooling liquid loop and the warm air cooling liquid loop, and a loop can be formed among the warm air cooling liquid loop, the battery cooling liquid loop and the motor cooling liquid loop. According to the heat management requirements of a battery, a motor and a passenger compartment, systematic and integrated management of heat of the whole vehicle can be achieved by adjusting the working states of the water pumps and the stop valves.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to electric vehicle thermal management, in particular to a heat pump type thermal management system for electric vehicles. Background technique [0002] Since electric vehicles do not have hot water from the engine as a heat source for heating the passenger compartment, new heat sources need to be found for heating in the passenger compartment. Traditional electric vehicles usually adopt PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient Thermistor) water heater similar technical solutions, but due to the limitation of PTC’s principle of converting electric energy into heat pump, the energy efficiency ratio of PTC during heating is less than 1, which will cause A large amount of power consumption will affect the cruising range of electric vehicles. [0003] At present, most electric vehicles use air PTC or water PTC resistance wire heating schemes, and the energy sources for passenger compartment heating and battery preheating all come from p...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Conventional electric vehicle thermal management solutions have the following disadvantages: 1) The energy consumption of the whole vehicle is high when the PTC technical solution is used for heating, and the heat in the environment cannot be used; Then the dry air is heated to a comfortable temperature through the PTC and supplied to the passenger compartment, which will cause the two high-voltage electrical components of the compressor and the PTC heater to work at the same time, the high-voltage load power of the vehicle will increase, and the energy consumption of the vehicle will increase.

The direct heat pump solution has the following disadvantages: 1) For the case where there are fuel version and pure electric vehicle in the same model, the air-conditioning box cannot be unified due to the difference in internal heat exchanger and principle, which brings great harm to production organization and management. 2) Since the heat obtained by the heat pump heating is dissipated through the indoor condenser arranged in the passenger compartment, it cannot be used for heating the power battery system, and the power battery still needs a separate heater, causing the whole increase in car costs

[0006] This patent has the following defects: 1. The battery water system loop is only coupled with the motor water system loop. When the ambient temperature is low and the motor waste heat is insufficient, the battery pack in the battery water system loop cannot be heated to an appropriate temperature, resulting in the total discharge of the battery. 2. When the refrigerant four-way valve is switched between heating mode and cooling mode, the refrigerant will flow in the opposite direction when passing through the outdoor heat exchanger, which places extremely high requirements on the refrigerant system circuit, because the two-way flow pipe Compared with unidirectional flow pipes, the setting of external insulation materials and the calculation of the resistance loss of the inner wall are very complicated, which is not conducive to pipe cleaning and maintenance; 3. The loop of the warm air and water system has no heat dissipation components, resulting in insufficient heat in the loop of the warm air and water system during dehumidification and heating. Adjust according to the ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature is high, if the heat obtained by the warm air water system circuit from the water-cooled condenser has made the warm air core body exceed the temperature required by the air conditioner, and the entire warm air water system circuit does not have any heat dissipation components, it will be Air conditioner overheating

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