Wave-absorbing ceramic-based composite material with multi-scale toughening and layering structure and preparation method thereof

A composite material and multi-scale technology, applied in the field of materials, can solve problems such as uneven distribution of one-dimensional nanomaterials and affect the uniformity of material properties, so as to avoid uneven distribution inside and outside, improve mechanical properties and bearing capacity, and increase wetting sexual effect

Active Publication Date: 2021-12-07
湖北瑞宇空天高新技术有限公司
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  • Abstract
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  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] In order to further improve the mechanical properties and wave-absorbing properties of ceramic matrix composites, one-dimensional nanomaterials can be introduced into the material to achieve multi-scale toughening of the material. The fracture and extraction of one-dimensional nanomaterials increase the loading process of the material. The energy dissipation mechanism in the material, but the addition of one-dimensional nanofillers is easy to form agglomeration inside the material, which affects its performance and the performance uniformity of the material.
Even if the chemical vapor deposition method is used to grow one-dimensional nanomaterials in situ inside the material, the distribution of one-dimensional nanomaterials will be uneven due to the distribution of pores inside the preform and the difference in the gas concentration field and temperature field in the deposition environment.

Method used

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preparation example Construction

[0028] A method for preparing a multi-scale toughened layered structure microwave-absorbing ceramic matrix composite material, the specific steps are:

[0029] Step 1: Prepare a BN / SiC composite interface layer on the fiber surface inside the single-layer fiber cloth layer, the thickness of the BN interface layer is 300-1500 nm, and the thickness of the SiC interface layer is 200-1000 nm. The reinforcing fiber used in the single-layer fiber cloth layer is silicon carbide fiber, and the weaving structure of the fiber cloth is plain weave, twill weave or satin weave. The preparation method of the BN / SiC composite interface layer is specifically: placing multiple single-layer fiber cloth layers in a CVI deposition furnace, first using BCl 3 -NH 3 -Ar-H2 precursor gas system to prepare BN interface layer on the fiber surface of single-layer fiber cloth layer, BCl 3 -NH 3 -Ar-H 2 BCl in precursor gas system 3 with NH 3 The flow ratio is 1:3 to 1:5; then the SiC layer is prepa...

Embodiment 1

[0034] Step 1: Prepare a BN / SiC composite interface layer on the fiber surface inside the single-layer silicon carbide fiber cloth layer to obtain a primary fiber cloth; the single-layer fiber cloth weaving structure is a plain weave structure, the thickness of the BN interface layer is 300nm, and the SiC interface layer The thickness is 500nm. BN interface adopts BCl 3 -NH 3 -Ar-H 2 The system is prepared on the fiber surface, BCl 3 -NH 3 -Ar-H 2 BCl in precursor gas system 3 with NH 3 The flow ratio is 1:3, and the SiC interface adopts MTS-Ar-H 2 The system is prepared on the surface of BN layer, MTS-Ar-H 2 MTS and (Ar+H 2 ) The gas flow ratio is 1:10.

[0035] Step 2: Introduce a catalyst into the primary fiber cloth prepared in step 1, and grow a one-dimensional nano-toughened phase on the surface of the BN / SiC composite interface layer in situ by chemical vapor deposition to obtain a secondary fiber cloth. The catalyst used is Co(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, arrange th...

Embodiment 2

[0040] Step 1: Prepare a BN / SiC composite interface layer on the fiber surface inside the single-layer silicon carbide fiber cloth layer to obtain a primary fiber cloth; the weaving structure of the single-layer fiber cloth is a twill structure, the thickness of the BN interface layer is 1500nm, and the SiC interface layer The thickness is 500nm. BN interface adopts BCl 3 -NH 3 -Ar-H 2 The system is prepared on the fiber surface, BCl 3 -NH 3 -Ar-H 2 BCl in precursor gas system 3 with NH 3 The flow ratio is 1:3, and the SiC interface adopts MTS-Ar-H 2 The system is prepared on the surface of BN layer, MTS-Ar-H 2 MTS and (Ar+H 2 ) The gas flow ratio is 1:20.

[0041] Step 2: Introduce a catalyst into the primary fiber cloth prepared in step 1, and grow a one-dimensional nano-toughened phase on the surface of the BN / SiC composite interface layer in situ by chemical vapor deposition to obtain a secondary fiber cloth. The catalyst used is Ni(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, arrange ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a wave-absorbing ceramic-based composite material with a multi-scale toughening and layering structure and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: deposition of an interface layer, introduction of a one-dimensional nano toughening phase, design of a layering structure preform, suction filtration and impregnation of a precursor, and cracking. A one-dimensional reinforcing phase is introduced into the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic-based composite material in situ, and multi-stage toughening of the ceramic-based composite material is achieved. The one-dimensional nano reinforced phase is introduced through in-situ growth before the fiber preform is formed, so that the nano reinforced phase is uniformly distributed in the ceramic-based composite material while relatively strong binding force between the one-dimensional nano structure and the fiber is ensured, the designability of the microstructure of the composite material is improved, and the preparation period is shortened. The nano wave-absorbing agent is in gradient distribution in the composite material by adopting a suction filtration and impregnation process, the excellent wave-absorbing performance of the material can be ensured, meanwhile, a preform is prepared by adopting a layering process, a special-shaped component can be designed and prepared, and the design requirements of aerospace hot-end components can be met.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to a multi-scale toughened laminate structure microwave-absorbing ceramic-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Radar stealth is of great significance to the improvement of the combat effectiveness of aerospace vehicles. In order to meet the needs of the radar stealth performance of the hot-end components of the new generation of aerospace vehicles in my country, on the basis of the design of the component structure, the materials used for the hot-end components are also proposed. Requirements such as light weight, high strength, temperature resistance, and oxidation resistance, as well as excellent wave-absorbing properties, are urgently needed to develop wave-absorbing structural materials. An important development direction of radar stealth aerospace vehicle materials. [0003] Continuous SiC fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites hav...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B35/80C04B35/84C04B35/628
CPCC04B35/80C04B35/62868C04B35/62863C04B35/62884C04B35/62894C04B2235/608C04B2235/3873C04B2235/5244C04B2235/96C04B2235/422
Inventor 罗瑞盈崔光远
Owner 湖北瑞宇空天高新技术有限公司
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