PtNi polyhedral nanochain, preparation method thereof and application

Abstract

The invention provides a PtNi polyhedral nanochain, a preparation method thereof and application. The PtNi polyhedral nanochain is of a one-dimensional linear structure formed by connecting a plurality of PtNi polyhedral nano particles in series through a PtNi nanowire. The size of the PtNi polyhedral nanoparticles is 7-15 nanometers, the diameter of the PtNi nanowire is 0.5-3 nanometers, and the length of the PtNi nanowire is 50-300 nanometers. The PtNi polyhedral nanochain is applied to cathode reaction of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the performance of the PtNi polyhedral nanochain is superior to that of commercial Pt / C, the PtNi polyhedral nanochain has higher catalytic activity and poison resistance, and a catalyst can maintain higher electro-catalytic performance in a long time; compared with PtNi nanoparticles, the nanostructure can maintain the one-dimensional linear structure and has good electro-catalysis stability; and compared with a one-dimensional PtNi nanowire, the nanostructure can have a higher surface-body ratio, and more active sites are provided in an electro-catalytic reaction.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of electrocatalysts, in particular to a PtNi polyhedron nanochain and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is considered as a very promising sustainable energy conversion device due to its high efficiency and environmental friendliness. The cathode reaction of the fuel cell - the oxygen reduction reaction is slower than the anodic oxidation reaction, so it determines the overall efficiency of the PEMFC and is the key to improving the reaction efficiency of the PEMFC. Commercial Pt / C electrocatalysts can greatly alleviate the problems of sluggish reaction kinetics and high overpotential of the oxygen reduction reaction, and are the catalysts currently used in industry. However, Pt reserves are limited and expensive, which adds a lot of cost to the production of PEMFC. PtNi nanomaterials are considered to be very effective catalysts for oxygen...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The chain-like Pt-Ni nanoparticles prepared in the existing literature (preparation, characterization and high-efficiency electrocatalytic performance of chain-like Pt-Ni nanoparticles, Acta Physica Sinica, Vol. 69, No. 7, 2020) mainly have the following problems: chain-like Pt-Ni nanoparticles The dispersion of Pt-Ni nanoparticles is not good, most of them are agglomerated together, the yield of preparation is low, only about 30%, and the chain-like Pt-Ni nanoparticles can be used in catalytic proton exchange membrane fuel cell anode reaction (methanol oxidation reaction ), the effect is remarkable, but the catalytic performance is poor when catalyzing the cathodic reaction (oxygen reduction reaction)

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