25 results about "Cathodic reaction" patented technology

The utility model discloses a device for treating wastewater containing hexavalent chromium ions, which comprises an anode reaction zone, a cathode reaction zone, a buffer zone, an electrocoagulation reaction zone and an inclined tube settling zone which are communicated in sequence, a suspended partition plate is arranged between the anode reaction zone and the cathode reaction zone, a graphite plate array is arranged in the anode reaction zone, and the graphite plate array is arranged in the inclined tube settling zone. A porous carbon material is arranged in the cathode reaction zone, the cathode reaction zone is communicated with the buffer zone, the buffer zone is communicated with the electrocoagulation reaction zone, an iron pole plate array is suspended in the electrocoagulation reaction zone, the electrocoagulation reaction zone is communicated with the inclined tube settling zone, and the inclined tube settling zone is communicated with the inclined tube settling zone. And an inclined tube is suspended in the inclined tube settling region. According to the utility model, hexavalent chromium ions in water can be removed by only using electricity and a small amount of iron element, reducing agent chemicals and acid and alkali agents used for treating hexavalent chromium in the traditional process are greatly reduced, and the salt content of effluent is far lower than that of the traditional treatment process.

The invention relates to a three-stage chamber salt acid-alkali treatment system based on electrochemical reaction, which comprises a plurality of three-stage chamber electrochemical reaction units which are communicated with one another, and each three-stage chamber electrochemical reaction unit is provided with three independent chambers which are separated by an electrolytic diaphragm, the three independent chambers comprise an anode reaction chamber, a desalting chamber and a cathode reaction chamber which are sequentially arranged, an anode bar is arranged in the anode reaction chamber, and a cathode bar is arranged in the cathode reaction chamber; water inlets are formed in the side walls of the lower parts of the anode reaction chamber, the desalting chamber and the cathode reaction chamber; and water outlets are formed in the side walls of the upper parts of the anode reaction chamber, the desalting chamber and the cathode reaction chamber. The method has the effects of realizing resourceful treatment of the salt-containing wastewater, improving the water treatment efficiency of the salt-containing wastewater and reducing the water treatment cost.

The invention relates to a method for evaluating the influence of hydrogen on stress corrosion fracture of pipeline steel in an acid environment, which comprises the following steps: (1) respectively carrying out slow strain rate tensile tests in the acid environment and a nitrogen environment, and determining the damage degree of the acid environment on the mechanical property of a pipeline steel sample; (2) carrying out fast and slow scanning anodic polarization curve test, hydrogen permeation curve test and hydrogen filling-slow stretching test on the pipeline steel sample, and determining the damage degree of hydrogen separated out by cathodic reaction on the mechanical property of the pipeline steel sample; and (3) determining the influence degree and contribution rate proportion of hydrogen to the stress corrosion fracture of the pipeline steel in the acid environment. According to the method, the stress corrosion performance of the sulfur-resistant pipeline steel can be accurately and quickly evaluated, the proportion and contribution rate of hydrogen-induced stress corrosion sensitivity in the stress corrosion sensitivity of the pipeline steel in the acid environment are analyzed, and the influence degree of hydrogen on stress corrosion fracture of the pipeline steel in the acid environment is quantitatively represented.

The invention belongs to the technical field of zirconium hydroxide production, and particularly discloses a continuous production process of nano zirconium hydroxide. According to the continuous production process, the zirconium-containing aqueous solution obtained after zirconium and hafnium separation is used as a raw material, and the chlorine salt aqueous solution which is simple in component and low in price is used as an auxiliary material. By limiting the current density and the electrolysis temperature, production is stable and easy to control; the ion diffusion speed of the whole electrolysis system is stable, the electrolysis efficiency is high, and it is guaranteed that the obtained zirconium hydroxide is nano-particles with the narrow particle size range, and the quality is stable; the obtained cathode reaction slurry is high-purity zirconium hydroxide slurry, a corresponding product can be obtained only through solid-liquid separation without drying treatment, and a complex impurity removal post-treatment process is not needed; by controlling electrolysis ending conditions, the product yield is up to 99.5% or above, the content of anion impurities in the product is smaller than 1000 ppm, and particles are fine and uniform and high in quality. The method is simple in process, low in raw material cost, easy in product post-treatment and small in environmental pollution, and is a green synthesis method for synthesizing nano zirconium hydroxide.

The system comprises an anolyte storage tank, an anode reactor, a catholyte storage tank and a cathode reactor which are connected through a pipeline, the anode reactor is communicated with the cathode reactor through a reaction pipeline, and the forward osmosis membrane is installed in the reaction pipeline. Based on the characteristic that a forward osmosis system does not need to apply pressure to the system, solutions with different osmotic pressures are placed on the two sides of a membrane, the osmotic pressure difference of the solutions on the two sides of the membrane is used as driving force, water molecules spontaneously enter a draw liquid side through the forward osmosis membrane from a raw material liquid side, and meanwhile a nano material is loaded on the forward osmosis membrane; compared with a traditional gravity settling load and suction filtration mode, the method has better practicability and lower labor cost. In addition, when the forward osmosis membrane loaded with the material is put into a forward osmosis microbial fuel cell for use, membrane pollution can be reduced, so that the application of the system is enhanced to another extent.

The invention discloses a method for removing bromate by using a microbial fuel cell, which belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and specifically comprises the following steps: 1, using anaerobic sludge of an anaerobic tank of a sewage treatment plant as inoculation sludge in a non-biological cathode MFC (Microbial Fuel Cell) reactor to obtain anode electrogenesis bacteria; 2, adding the anode electrogenesis bacteria in the step 1 into an anode of a biological cathode MFC reactor, adding supernate of pretreated sludge obtained after anaerobic fermentation treatment of the sludge to serve as an anode substrate, mixing denitrifying bacteria with sterile water, and centrifuging to obtain turbid liquid of cathode inoculation bacteria liquid; mixing the inoculated bacteria liquid with PBS containing BrO3 <->, adding the mixture into a cathode of a biological cathode MFC reactor, successfully starting the cell, and enriching BrO3 <-> reducing bacteria on the cathode; and 3, the bromate can be removed in the biological cathode MFC reactor. According to the method, the bromate ions are removed by using a biological reduction removal method, so that the method is economical and environment-friendly, secondary pollution is avoided, and no waste liquid is generated.

The utility model relates to three-stage chamber salt acid-alkali treatment equipment based on electrochemical reaction, which comprises a plurality of three-stage chamber electrochemical reaction units which are communicated with one another, and each three-stage chamber electrochemical reaction unit is provided with three independent chambers which are separated by an electrolytic diaphragm, the three independent chambers comprise an anode reaction chamber, a desalting chamber and a cathode reaction chamber which are sequentially arranged, an anode bar is arranged in the anode reaction chamber, and a cathode bar is arranged in the cathode reaction chamber; water inlets are formed in the side walls of the lower parts of the anode reaction chamber, the desalination chamber and the cathode reaction chamber, water outlets are formed in the side walls of the upper parts of the anode reaction chamber, the desalination chamber and the cathode reaction chamber, and the desalination chamber water inlet is used for allowing salt-containing wastewater to enter and be discharged through the desalination chamber water outlet after the salt-containing wastewater is subjected to desalination treatment in the desalination chamber; the water outlet of the anode chamber is communicated with a strong acid liquid box, and the water outlet of the cathode chamber is communicated with an alkali liquor settling box. The method has the effects of realizing resourceful treatment of the salt-containing wastewater, improving the water treatment efficiency of the salt-containing wastewater and reducing the water treatment cost.

This invention relates to an iron-iron-phosphorus 3-point electrocatalyst with an asymmetric electronic structure and its application. The catalyst preparation method is as follows: zinc salt and iron salt are uniformly dispersed in a mixed solution of N,N-dimethylformamide and methanol, and 2-methylimidazole is added and uniformly dispersed in the same mixed solution to obtain a pale yellow powder. The pale yellow powder is uniformly dispersed in a methanol solution, and tannic acid solution is added and stirred to obtain a gray-green powder Fe@ZIF-8. Fe@ZIF-8 and p-phenylenediamine are dispersed in a tetrahydrofuran solution, and a phosphorus source and triethylamine are added to obtain polymer-coated Fe@ZIF-8. Fe@ZIF-8 is calcined to obtain a phosphorus-doped iron single-atom catalyst. The phosphorus-doped iron single-atom catalyst is ball-milled with iron salt and phthalocyanine to obtain an iron-iron-phosphorus 3-point electrocatalyst with an asymmetric electronic structure. This catalyst is applied to the air cathode reaction of a zinc-air battery.

The application discloses a device for treating high-salt organic wastewater by using a bipolar membrane electrodialysis, which comprises a membrane stack, a direct-current power supply and a circulating pipeline system. The membrane stack is provided with one anode plate and one cathode plate on two sides respectively, and is assembled by a bipolar membrane, a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane. The inside of the membrane stack is composed of an anode reaction compartment, an acid liquid compartment, a feed liquid desalination compartment, an alkali liquid compartment and a cathode reaction compartment. The bipolar membrane, the acid liquid compartment, the anion exchange membrane, the feed liquid desalination compartment, the cation exchange membrane and the alkali liquid compartment can form one or more repeating units in sequence. The feed liquid circulating pipeline is communicated with the anode reaction compartment, the feed liquid desalination compartment and the cathode reaction compartment respectively, the acid liquid circulating pipeline is communicated with the acid liquid compartment, and the alkali liquid circulating pipeline is communicated with the alkali liquid compartment. The device has a simplified structure and a low operation cost, can realize desalination, organic pollutant degradation and acid-alkali recovery simultaneously, and is especially suitable for treating medium and low COD high-salt organic wastewater.

The invention discloses an electrolytic synthesis method of glyoxylic acid, which adopts a diaphragm electrolytic cell, takes an oxidation reaction of hydrogen as an anodic reaction, takes a reduction reaction of oxalic acid as a cathodic reaction, takes a sulfuric acid aqueous solution as an anolyte, and takes an aqueous solution containing oxalic acid as a catholyte for electrolysis, and recycling an electrolytic product in the cathode liquor to obtain the glyoxylic acid. The membrane electrode or the gas diffusion electrode is used as the anode, and an iridium oxide anode and a lead anode are not used, so that the cost is effectively reduced or the pollution is reduced; the glyoxylic acid is synthesized through electrolysis under the condition that the pressure intensity of the anode chamber is not lower than that of the cathode chamber by adopting the diaphragm electrolytic cell, the electrolysis voltage is reduced by about 1.6 V (compared with that of an iridium oxide anode), the energy consumption is remarkably reduced, and the product yield of the glyoxylic acid method can be improved by about 6%.

The invention provides a bipolar plate and a bipolar plate assembly, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen production equipment, the bipolar plate is provided with an anode reaction zone and a cathode reaction zone, one end of the bipolar plate is provided with a first inlet and a first channel, and the other end of the bipolar plate is provided with a first outlet and a second channel; the first inlet and the second channel are symmetrical about the center of the bipolar plate, the first outlet and the first channel are symmetrical about the center of the bipolar plate, and the first inlet and the first outlet are both communicated with the anode reaction area and disconnected from the cathode reaction area. And the first channel and the second channel are both disconnected from the anode reaction region and the cathode reaction region. The temperature difference between the two ends of the bipolar plate can be improved, the temperature difference between the two ends of the membrane electrode adjacent to the bipolar plate is reduced, and the service life of the membrane electrode is prolonged.

The invention discloses rGO-epoxy resin anticorrosive paint with different conductivity and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of anticorrosive coating preparation. The conductivity of graphene is reduced by controlling the reduction condition, the electron transmission efficiency can be reduced, so that the activity of a corrosion battery is weakened, after the rGO160 with the conductivity of 1.51 S / cm is added to the epoxy coating, the rGO160 graphene serves as an electron channel, electrons generated by metal corrosion are transmitted to the surface of the coating, and the corrosion resistance of the corrosion battery is improved. The cathode reaction occurs on the surface of the coating and the surface of the non-metal substrate, so that the electrochemical corrosion speed is reduced. By regulating and controlling the conductivity of the reduced graphene oxide, the shielding performance and the corrosion inhibition capability of the reduced graphene oxide can be effectively balanced, so that the optimization of the corrosion resistance of the coating is realized.

The present application discloses a microporous layer slurry, a gas diffusion layer, a preparation method thereof, and a hydrogen fuel cell. The microporous layer slurry comprises the following components, measured by weight: 1 to 50 parts of hydrophobically modified coconut shell activated carbon, 1 to 50 parts of a conductive agent, 1 to 50 parts of a first hydrophobic agent, 0.1 to 50 parts of a dispersing aid, and 10 to 150 parts of a solvent. The microporous layer slurry described herein can improve the pore structure of the gas diffusion layer, increase the transmission path of the reactant gas, and facilitate the rapid and effective diffusion of more reactant gas to the catalyst layer for reaction, thereby improving transmission efficiency. It can also enhance the hydrophobicity of the microporous layer, which not only maintains the humidity of the reactant gas but also promptly discharges the liquid water produced by the cathode reaction, thereby reducing mass transfer polarization and improving the performance of the fuel cell.

The utility model relates to hydrogen peroxide generation module technical field, specifically a kind of hydrogen peroxide generation module and oral irrigator, including shell, liquid inlet, liquid outlet, shell is equipped with electrolyte chamber, cathode reaction component, anode reaction component and spoiler assembly, cathode reaction component is used to generate hydrogen peroxide, spoiler assembly is connected between cathode reaction component and anode reaction component.The utility model is through setting hydrogen peroxide generation module, user only needs to inject suitable liquid from liquid inlet into electrolyte chamber, need not extra preparation separate hydrogen peroxide solution, can generate hydrogen peroxide solution in cathode reaction component instantaneously, avoid the situation that concentration change, sterilization effect is worse due to long-time storage, ensure that the expected sterilization and disinfection efficacy can be reached, the utility model is set through spoiler assembly, so that electrolyte flows fully between cathode reaction component and anode reaction component Reaction, improve the controllability of hydrogen peroxide generation efficiency.

The invention provides a protective coating for containers and engineering equipment and primer for industrial metal surfaces. The protective coating for the engineering equipment is characterized by comprising a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer which are arranged in sequence, the bottom layer is attached to engineering equipment, the bottom layer is made of primer containing 0.1-20% of zinc by mass, the middle layer is made of epoxy powder, and the surface layer is made of epoxy powder or polyester powder. The invention breaks the tradition of adopting zinc-rich primer at present, creatively reduces the zinc content in the primer, reduces the corrosion expansion phenomenon, inhibits the cathodic reaction, and improves the anti-corrosion capability of the coating.

The utility model discloses a multifunctional flow type in-situ spectrum detection device applied to electro-catalytic reaction, and relates to the field of catalytic analysis. The device comprises an in-situ reaction tank and an electrochemical workstation, wherein the in-situ reaction tank comprises a light-transmitting sealing window sheet, a first cathode cavity, a second cathode cavity and a cathode gas chamber; the second cathode cavity and the cathode gas chamber are respectively screwed with the first cathode cavity and the second cathode cavity; the device is provided with a circulating inlet and a circulating outlet for anolyte, catholyte and cathode reaction gas, and a gas flow channel for communicating the second cathode cavity with the cathode gas chamber. In addition, the device also comprises a reference electrode, a counter electrode, a working electrode and an ion exchange membrane which are respectively connected with the electrochemical workstation. The in-situ reaction tank is connected with an in-situ spectrograph, the distance between the working electrode and the light-transmitting sealing window sheet is adjusted by rotating the second cathode cavity, voltage and current are applied through the electrochemical workstation, and meanwhile spectral signals in the electro-catalytic reaction process are collected through the in-situ spectrograph.

The application belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a cathode topological optimization flow field structure and a construction method. The cathode topological optimization flow field structure comprises a cathode flow field plate and a cathode topological optimization flow field arranged on the cathode flow field plate. The cathode topological optimization flow field comprises a cathode gas inlet, a cathode gas outlet and a continuous flow channel structure connecting the cathode gas inlet and the cathode gas outlet. The continuous flow channel structure is obtained by a topological optimization method and is irregularly branched and net-shaped in the effective reaction area, so that the cathode reaction gas can enter the flow field inside along different hydraulic paths and be distributed to the corresponding areas of the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer. The application can improve the uniformity of the distribution of the cathode reaction gas in the effective reaction area, relieve the problems of insufficient oxygen supply and oxygen depletion in the downstream, promote the reaction generated water to be discharged from the flow channel, reduce the risk of local waterlogging, and improve the output performance and the operation stability of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

The utility model relates to the technical field of electrochemical generation devices, in particular to a hydrogen peroxide module based on critical surface electrochemical reaction and a hydrogen peroxide generator, which are characterized in that a cathode assembly is arranged, and one side of the cathode assembly is in contact with air to form a gas-solid critical surface, so that oxygen in the air can be utilized in cathode reaction; compared with a traditional process which is limited by dissolved oxygen in water, sufficient and continuous oxygen sources can be provided for the cathode reaction, and the other side of the cathode assembly is in contact with the electrolyte to form a solid-liquid critical surface, so that the reaction can be continuously carried out, and the reaction efficiency is improved. Therefore, the efficiency and equilibrium concentration of an electrochemical synthesis product are improved, and the problems that in an existing hydrogen peroxide preparation process, propulsion of a cathode reaction depends on consumption of dissolved oxygen, however, due to the fact that the content of the dissolved oxygen in water has an upper limit, the efficiency of the electrochemical synthesis product is difficult to improve in the reaction process, and the reaction time is shortened are effectively solved. And the equilibrium concentration of the product is also limited.

The invention discloses a low-cost electrolytic reduction method taking hydrogen oxidation reaction as anodic reaction, which adopts a diaphragm electrolytic cell, takes an aqueous solution containing inorganic acid as anolyte, takes a solution containing organic matters or metal ions as catholyte, and takes the hydrogen oxidation reaction as the anodic reaction. Carrying out electrolytic reduction by taking reduction reaction of organic matters or metal ions as cathode reaction; and a solvent of the cathode liquid is water or water and an organic solvent. According to the method, an iridium oxide anode and a lead anode are not used, so that the cost is greatly reduced; according to the method disclosed by the invention, the electrolysis voltage can be reduced to about 1.6 V (compared with an iridium oxide anode); according to the method, the product yield can be increased by 6-10%; the method provided by the invention can avoid anode failure (compared with a diaphragm-free method or a diaphragm method without pressure difference control).

The invention relates to a method for evaluating the influence of anodic dissolution on stress corrosion fracture of pipeline steel in an acid environment, which comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out a slow strain rate tensile test in the acid environment and a nitrogen environment, and determining the damage degree of the acid environment to the mechanical property of a pipeline steel sample; (2) carrying out fast and slow scanning anodic polarization curve test, hydrogen permeation curve test and hydrogen filling-slow stretching test on the pipeline steel sample, and determining the damage degree of hydrogen separated out by cathodic reaction on the mechanical property of the pipeline steel sample; (3) calculating the influence degree and contribution rate proportion of hydrogen permeation in the acid environment on the stress corrosion fracture of the pipeline steel; and (4) calculating the influence degree and the maximum contribution rate of the anode dissolution in the acid environment on the stress corrosion fracture of the pipeline steel. According to the method, the hydrogen sulfide stress corrosion resistance of the pipeline steel can be accurately and rapidly evaluated, the minimum contribution rate of independent action of hydrogen can be accurately calculated, and then the maximum contribution rate and the maximum influence degree of anode dissolution on the stress corrosion sensitivity of the pipeline steel can be accurately calculated.

The invention relates to the field of catalysts, and discloses an Au-coated PtCu dendritic core-shell catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The Au-coated PtCu dendritic core-shell catalyst comprises an Au nano core and a dendritic PtCu alloy shell layer, the Au < 3 + > nano core is formed by reducing Au < 3 + >, and the dendritic PtCu alloy shell layer is formed by co-depositing Pt < 4 + > and Cu < 2 + > on the surface of the Au nano core and then directionally growing under an ultrasonic cavitation effect. The catalyst provided by the invention takes Au nanoparticles as a core, and the core is coated with a dendritic PtCu alloy shell layer. The synergistic effect of Au, Pt and Cu is utilized, the microstructure and the electronic property of the catalyst are optimized, and the catalytic performance of the catalyst in the cathode reaction of the methanol fuel cell can be remarkably improved.

The invention relates to a non-phosphorus composite water treatment agent suitable for a refinery sewage reuse circulating water system, and a preparation method and a use method of the water treatment agent. According to the water treatment agent, isothiazolinone is used as a bactericide, channel protein on a bacterial membrane can be changed, the number of heterotrophic bacteria in sewage recycling circulating water is reduced, breeding and breeding of algae and bacteria in the circulating water are avoided, and then glutamic acid N, N-diacetic acid and diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid are utilized to prepare the water treatment agent. According to the present invention, through the chelating effect on microorganisms in circulating water and metal ions in bacterial cell membranes, the bactericide can easily permeate the cell membranes so as to promote the sterilization effect of the bactericide, the sulfonate is the anionic surfactant, and has a certain corrosion inhibition effect on carbon steel, and the zinc salt can form the Zn (OH) 2 protection film on the cathode position so as to further inhibit the corrosive cathode reaction, such that the corrosion resistance of the carbon steel is further improved; the water treatment agent has good compatibility with a chelating agent and a sterilizing agent, and can ensure that a circulating water system can meet various circulating water monitoring indexes after sewage is recycled, and can meet the corrosion resistance requirements that scaling and corrosion do not occur during operation.

The invention discloses an electrolytic hydrogen production system. The electrolytic hydrogen production system comprises an ALK electrolysis assembly and an AEM electrolysis assembly. The ALK electrolysis assembly comprises an ALK anode reaction zone, an ALK cathode reaction zone, an ALK anode gas-liquid separation tank and an ALK cathode gas-liquid separation tank; the ALK anode reaction zone is communicated with the ALK anode gas-liquid separation tank, and the ALK cathode reaction zone is communicated with the ALK cathode gas-liquid separation tank; the AEM electrolysis assembly comprises an AEM anode reaction zone and an AEM anode gas-liquid separation tank; and the AEM anode reaction zone is communicated with the AEM anode gas-liquid separation tank. According to the technical scheme, the circulating alkali liquor in the ALK electrolytic cell and the circulating alkali liquor in the AEM electrolytic cell can complement each other, so that electrolyte concentration unbalance is avoided, the hydrogen production efficiency is improved, and the operation stability of an electrolytic hydrogen production system is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a stamping bipolar plate and an electrolytic bath, and relates to the technical field of electrolytic baths, the stamping bipolar plate comprises two stamping forming single plates of the same structure, the middle of the front face of each single plate is concaved inwards to form a flow channel area, the front face of each single plate is further provided with a front face sealing structure, and the back face of each single plate is provided with a local welding sealing area; an integrated bipolar plate structure is formed after the local welding sealing areas on the back faces of the two single plates are connected, one side of the bipolar plate structure is an anode reaction area, the other side of the bipolar plate structure is a cathode reaction area, one end of the bipolar plate structure is provided with an anode runner inlet and a cathode runner inlet, and the other end of the bipolar plate structure is provided with a cathode runner inlet. And the other end of the bipolar plate structure is provided with an anode runner outlet and a cathode runner outlet. The bipolar plate structure disclosed by the invention not only ensures the sealing effect, but also has the advantages of thinner thickness, lower material cost, fewer formed parts and short processing period, and is more suitable for batch production.