99 results about "Cathode reaction" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemistry, in particular to a hypochlorous acid and hydrogen peroxide synergetic electrochemical device, a preparation method and application of the hypochlorous acid and hydrogen peroxide synergetic electrochemical device, and the hypochlorous acid and hydrogen peroxide synergetic electrochemical device comprises a shell, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. The shell is provided with an electrolyte cavity, a cathode reaction assembly located in the electrolyte cavity, an anode reaction assembly and a spoiler assembly used for increasing the liquid moving stroke, the cathode reaction assembly is used for generating hydrogen peroxide, the anode reaction assembly is used for generating hypochlorous acid, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are located in the same side of the shell. The hydrogen peroxide and the hypochlorous acid can be directly generated in the electrolyte chamber through the cathode reaction assembly and the anode reaction assembly respectively, and mixing after respective preparation is not needed, so that the process is simplified, the cost is reduced, the synergism of the hypochlorous acid and the hydrogen peroxide is improved, the liquid moving stroke is increased through the spoiler assembly, and the efficiency is improved. The mixing effect is effectively improved, and the electrochemical reaction efficiency and uniformity are improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen sulfide stress corrosion resistance detection of oil well pipes, and particularly relates to a method for testing the influence of anodic dissolution in saturated hydrogen sulfide on stress corrosion fracture of an oil well pipe, which comprises the following steps: respectively carrying out slow strain rate tensile tests in a saturated hydrogen sulfide environment and a nitrogen environment to obtain a stress-strain curve of an oil well pipe sample; measuring a hydrogen permeation curve of the oil well pipe sample in the saturated hydrogen sulfide environment; carrying out fast and slow sweep potential polarization curve test and hydrogen permeation curve test on the oil well pipe, and carrying out hydrogen charging-slow stretching test on the oil well pipe under the cathode hydrogen charging potential corresponding to the steady-state hydrogen permeation current density; and according to the damage degree of the saturated hydrogen sulfide environment to the mechanical properties of the oil well pipe, the minimum influence degree of hydrogen in the saturated hydrogen sulfide environment to the stress corrosion fracture of the oil well pipe is determined by combining the damage degree of hydrogen separated out from the cathode reaction to the mechanical properties of the oil well pipe. The device has the advantages of simplicity in operation and accurate measurement result.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing p-aminophenol through electrolytic reduction, which comprises the following steps: carrying out electrolysis by adopting a diaphragm electrolytic cell and taking an oxidation reaction of hydrogen as an anode reaction, taking a reduction reaction of nitrobenzene as a cathode reaction, taking a sulfuric acid aqueous solution as an anode liquid and taking an aqueous solution containing nitrobenzene and sulfuric acid as a cathode liquid, and recycling an electrolysis product in the cathode liquor to obtain the p-aminophenol. According to the invention, the oxidation reaction of hydrogen is used as the anode reaction, a membrane electrode or a gas diffusion electrode is preferably used as the anode, and an iridium oxide anode and a lead anode are not used, so that the cost is effectively reduced or pollution is avoided; the electrolytic reaction is carried out under the condition that the pressure intensity of the anode chamber is not lower than that of the cathode chamber, the electrolytic voltage is reduced by about 1.6-2.3 V (compared with an iridium oxide anode), the energy consumption is obviously reduced, and the yield of p-aminophenol is improved by about 10%.

The present invention discloses a preparation method and device of an electrocatalytic double cathode reaction membrane and a water treatment method, including a reaction cavity and a double cathode reaction membrane arranged in the reaction cavity. The double cathode reaction membrane includes a first cathode plate, an anode plate and a second cathode plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the reaction cavity. The reaction cavity has a first cathode chamber, an anode chamber and a second cathode chamber which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and separate the first cathode plate, the anode plate and the second cathode plate. An inlet communicating with the first cathode chamber and an outlet communicating with the second cathode chamber are formed on the reaction cavity. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can generate two reactants required for the electro-Fenton reaction inside, without the need for additional addition of oxidants, and can be used in a closed environment terminal. It is not only applicable to large sewage treatment plants, but also can be directly installed at the user end as a miniaturized terminal product to be used as a water purification device.

The invention relates to a circular tube type solid oxide fuel cell for methane dry reforming, and belongs to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells. The cell is of a circular tube structure and is sequentially provided with a gas inlet inner cavity, an anode supporting body, a functional layer, an electrolyte layer, a cathode reaction layer, a gas outlet outer cavity and a shell from inside to outside in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and in an oxygen-free environment, methane and carbon dioxide mixed gas is introduced into the gas inlet inner cavity through a gas inlet; heating to enable the methane and carbon dioxide mixed gas to react on the functional layer to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen ions, transmitting the hydrogen ions to the cathode reaction layer through the electrolyte layer, and reacting to generate hydrogen; in the reaction process, hydrogen and carbon monoxide production through methane dry reforming is realized, and electric energy is generated at the same time. A solid oxide fuel cell technology is combined with a methane dry reforming technology, so that electric energy can be generated on one hand, and hydrogen and carbon monoxide can be generated on the other hand.

A photo electrocatalytic reaction device for high pressure environments is described. It comprises anode A and cathode B reactors with the same structure and arranged in a mutual mirroring manner. The

This invention belongs to the field of organic electrochemical synthesis and microchemical technology, and relates to a method for preparing 2-chlorobenzoic acid by electrochemical reduction debromination in a continuous flow microreactor. The method includes: dissolving 3-bromo-2-chlorobenzoic acid, a supporting electrolyte, and a proton source in a polar aprotic solvent to prepare a cathode reaction solution; continuously feeding this solution into the cathode channel of a microchannel electrochemical reactor using a metering pump, while simultaneously pumping the anolyte into the anode channel; connecting a DC power supply and conducting a selective electrochemical debromination reaction under set current density, reaction temperature, and material residence time conditions; and obtaining high-purity 2-chlorobenzoic acid from the outlet material through gas-liquid separation, neutralization, extraction, and recrystallization. This invention combines a continuous flow microreactor with electrochemical debromination technology, significantly enhancing mass and heat transfer, resulting in a shorter reaction time, higher conversion and yield, and the addition of a reducing agent, ease of scale-up, and intrinsic safety, demonstrating promising industrial application prospects.

The present application relates to a kind of water treatment systems and applications for removing PFOA in soil washing wastewater by electrooxidation coupling hydrogen peroxide reduction, by preparing CF / FeCo-N-C with high H2O2RR activity as cathode, replacing traditional HER cathode reaction, improving cathode potential, reducing cathode polarization, reducing the input voltage and energy consumption of system.In addition, the water treatment system is also used for electrooxidation degradation of actual PFOA-containing soil washing wastewater, compared with prior art, the theoretical value of cathode potential can be increased from 0V vs.RHE of HER to 1.78V vs.RHE, realizing 1.02V of ultra-low thermodynamic equilibrium potential, realizing the significant reduction of energy consumption for deep treatment of PFOA-containing soil washing wastewater, providing new theoretical insights and practical significance for sustainable treatment of PFOA-containing soil washing wastewater, and providing a new technical mode for post-processing stage in soil remediation.

The application discloses a kind of based on the deconvolution technology's automobile dissimilar metal galvanic compatibility evaluation method, comprising the following steps: for dissimilar metal A material, through basic electrochemical parameters, including solution pH value, oxygen content, metal ion initial content etc. Information, the equilibrium potential of cathode reaction and anode reaction is calculated;Step defines the Tafel slope of oxygen and H+ reduction reaction, exchange current density and limiting diffusion current density parameter, and the cathode polarization curve of oxygen and H+ reduction is fitted.The application is suitable for corrosion protection technical field, relates to the galvanic corrosion compatibility evaluation method of dissimilar metal connecting structure in automobile, and the deconvolution technology is integrated into dissimilar metal galvanic compatibility evaluation, can significantly shorten experimental period, realizes the evaluation fast of dissimilar metal galvanic compatibility in automobile.

This invention discloses a nickel oxide-doped manganese dioxide catalyst, its preparation method, and its application. The catalyst is prepared by in-situ growth of nickel oxide-doped manganese dioxide on a carbon felt substrate using a solvothermal method. In the application, the catalyst electrode is used as the anode, and an aromatic compound is dissolved in an acidic solution as the anolyte. A counter electrode is used in the cathode chamber, and an acidic solution is used as the cathode reaction solution. After the reaction, an aromatic aldehyde or aromatic ketone can be obtained through a post-treatment process. The catalyst of this invention has a high surface area and porous structure, which increases the specific surface area of ​​the electrode, providing a large number of reaction sites and active sites for the oxidation of the substrate. In addition, the doping of nickel oxide provides more active sites for manganese dioxide, promoting the formation of intermediates and also promoting the desorption of the aromatic aldehyde product, preventing the formation of aromatic acids due to over-oxidation. Furthermore, the nanorod-like three-dimensional structure of the catalyst is beneficial for mass transfer.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrocatalytic materials, and particularly relates to an electrocatalyst with a saturated coordination zinc diatom structure, a preparation method and application. Based on the principle that the boiling point of zinc chloride is lower than that of cadmium chloride and the boiling point of elemental cadmium is lower than that of elemental zinc, ZIF-8 serves as a precursor and is heated together with cadmium chloride, Zn in ZIF-8 can be volatilized at high temperature, Zn in ZIF-8 is replaced by cadmium chloride in the high-temperature process, cadmium (II) is reduced into elemental cadmium (Cd) steam by carbon generated by pyrolysis, and the elemental cadmium (Cd) steam leaves a reaction system; and finally, the catalyst (Zn DACs / N-C) with an excellent ORR performance and a zinc diatom structure is synthesized, and is expected to become a catalyst in fuel cell cathode reaction, automobile exhaust removal and organic reaction.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a high-power closed cathode air-cooled fuel cell metal bipolar plate, an electric pile, a system and a design method.The metal bipolar plate specifically comprises an anode plate, a cooling plate and a cathode plate which are arranged in an upper-layer structure, a middle-layer structure and a lower-layer structure; a plurality of anode runners for anode fuel gas to flow are arranged in the anode plate; a plurality of cathode runners for cathode reaction air to flow are arranged in the cathode plate; a plurality of cooling straight flow channels for cooling gas to flow are formed in the cooling plate; the effects of high power density and low cathode voltage of the fuel cell are achieved by a regionalized metal bipolar plate configuration, and the problems of high parasitic power consumption and the like of an air compressor caused by low power density and large cathode voltage drop of the fuel cell under a high-power working condition in the prior art are effectively solved.

This invention proposes a three-dimensional electrode electrochemical device with descaling function. It is divided into a softening chamber and an oxidation chamber by a partition. The softening chamber contains multiple cylindrical electrode groups. Under the action of an external electric field, the cathode reaction generates a strongly alkaline environment to precipitate scale-forming ions in the water. A gas flushing mechanism and an external programmable DC regulated power supply effectively achieve automatic descaling. The three-dimensional electrode group in the oxidation chamber consists of several anode plates and cathode plates arranged alternately at equal intervals. Insulating baskets filled with particle packing are placed between adjacent electrode plates. Ultrasonic vibrating plates are integrated around the three-dimensional electrode group. A porous sieve plate and aeration pipeline are installed at the bottom of the three-dimensional electrode group. A spray mechanism with rotating nozzles is installed at the top of the oxidation chamber. The combination of the three-dimensional electrode group, ultrasonic assistance, and circulating spray enhances the oxidation efficiency. This invention removes multiple pollutants from water simultaneously and efficiently in a single reactor without the need for external reagents, through a series of electrochemical reactions. It has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, high automation, and small footprint.

The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater pretreatment, and discloses a seawater pretreatment device and a method for pretreating seawater by using the seawater pretreatment device, the device comprises an electrochemical reaction device, the electrochemical reaction device comprises a cathode reaction tank, an anode reaction tank and a barrier for separating the cathode reaction tank from the anode reaction tank; a cathode is arranged in the cathode reaction tank, and an anode is arranged in the anode reaction tank; the cathode has a surface structure and / or surface characteristics that are easy for bubble detachment. The electrochemical reaction device of the seawater pretreatment device effectively inhibits electrode scaling through the design of a cathode structure and regulation and control of reaction parameters, so that long-acting and stable operation of an electrochemical and air flotation coupling process is ensured, the seawater pretreatment device not only undertakes an agent-free seawater softening function, but also shares part of algae removal load, and the seawater pretreatment effect is improved. And the air floatation effect can be enhanced through suspended calcium and magnesium particles and bubbles generated by electrochemical reaction, so that algae and hardness in seawater can be efficiently and synergistically removed.

The invention discloses a self-generating ammonia and hydrogen production integrated device, which belongs to the technical field of ammonia and hydrogen production integrated devices, and comprises a cathode reaction system, an anode reaction system, an ion exchange membrane between a cathode chamber and an anode chamber, a connecting line, a shell and a display control assembly. A self-generating system is established by adopting a metal-nitrate system, the anode adopts related metal to react with alkali to generate a large amount of hydrogen, and the cathode obtains high-economic-value product ammonia molecules by reducing nitrate industrial waste, so that waste utilization is realized. According to the system, electric energy is generated outwards while electric energy is not required to be transmitted from the outside, research and development of negative energy consumption devices are realized, and a self-power-generation type ammonia-production and hydrogen-production integrated device is realized.

Disclosed methods relate to producing an aluminum-scandium (Al—Sc) alloy. A method can include providing an electrolyte bath comprising a first portion of at least one of ScF3 or AlF3 and a first portion of at least one of LiF, NaF, or KF; providing a cathode in electrical contact with the electrolyte bath; providing an anode in electrical contact with the electrolyte bath; adding a first portion of Sc2O3 into the electrolyte bath; reacting an aluminum ion with the cathode; applying an electric current to the cathode, thereby reacting a scandium ion with the cathode to produce the Al—Sc alloy.

The present invention provides a SOFC stack and a method for starting and shutting down the same, including a heating module, a stack core, a reforming module, an exhaust gas treatment module, a cooling module, and a heat insulation module; the heating module is used to heat the stack core and the cathode gas; the cathode gas is fed into the stack core for cathode reaction; electrochemical reaction occurs in the stack core to output electric energy outward; the electrochemical reaction includes a cathode reaction and an anode reaction; cathode exhaust gas is generated after the cathode reaction, and the cathode exhaust gas supplies heat to the reforming module; the reforming module is used to gasify and reform the reforming fuel into hydrogen-rich gas; the hydrogen-rich gas is fed into the stack core for anode reaction; the exhaust gas treatment module is used to treat the cathode exhaust gas and the anode exhaust gas and supply heat outward; the cooling module is used to cool the cold end of the stack core; the heat insulation module is used to prevent heat dissipation inside the stack; the heating efficiency of the SOFC stack is improved, and the heat insulation effect is enhanced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell cathode reaction oxygen reduction electrocatalysts, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of an Agx / Co3-xO4 compound. Cobalt salt and silver salt are used as metal sources, citric acid is used as a complexing agent, a rheological phase reaction is adopted, a precursor complex is prepared through the steps of drying, foaming and the like, and then the electrocatalyst is prepared through muffle furnace heat treatment. A rheological phase method is used for promoting complexing of metal salt and citric acid. A small amount of reducing carbon generated during high-temperature pyrolysis of citric acid enables Ag < + > which should be doped in Co position in Co3O4 to be synchronously reduced into elemental Ag instead of being doped in crystal lattices, so that the Agx / Co3-xO4 compound with a special structure is obtained. Compared with a uniform mixture of common elementary substance Ag and Co3O4, the Agx / Co3-xO4 compound similar to in-situ growth prepared by the method has better ORR catalytic activity, and is expected to provide a new thought for preparing other metal element compounds, so that the requirement of energy equipment on a high-performance ORR electrocatalyst is met.

This invention relates to the fields of environmental engineering and pollution remediation technology, and in particular to a bioelectrochemical system for the remediation and fixation of heavy metal pollution in groundwater and its application. The bioelectrochemical system employs an integrated columnar layered structure simulating vertical seepage of groundwater, comprising, from bottom to top: a groundwater inlet zone, a first transition support layer, an anodic reaction zone, an intermediate isolation layer, and a cathodic reaction zone. Electroactive microorganisms in the anodic zone oxidize organic matter, releasing electrons. These electrons are transferred to the cathode via an external circuit, driving the reduction of heavy metal ions (such as Cr(VI)) to a lower valence state, while pyrite releases Fe. 2+ Biochar promotes precipitation by enhancing fixation through adsorption and electron shuttle. This bioelectrochemical system enables continuous in-situ remediation of groundwater, achieving a Cr(VI) removal rate of up to 92.7%, while simultaneously removing organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants. It exhibits stable long-term operation with a low risk of heavy metal re-release, requires no large amounts of chemical reagents or external power supply, and has low operating costs.

The invention relates to a secondary chamber salt acid-alkali treatment system based on electrochemical reaction, which comprises a plurality of secondary chamber electrochemical reaction units which are communicated with each other, each secondary chamber electrochemical reaction unit comprises two independent chambers which are separated by an electrolytic diaphragm, the two independent chambers are a cathode reaction chamber and an anode reaction chamber, a cathode is arranged in the cathode reaction chamber, and an anode is arranged in the anode reaction chamber. An anode is arranged in the anode reaction chamber; water inlets are formed in the side walls, close to the bottoms, of the cathode reaction chamber and the anode reaction chamber and used for feeding salt-containing wastewater, and water outlets are formed in the side walls, close to the tops, of the cathode reaction chamber and the anode reaction chamber and used for discharging electrolyzed water. The water outlets of the cathode reaction chambers of the plurality of secondary chamber electrochemical reaction units are communicated with one another and converge to an alkali liquor settling tank, and the water outlets of the anode reaction chambers of the plurality of secondary chamber electrochemical reaction units are communicated with one another and converge to an acid liquor tank. The method has the effects of realizing resourceful treatment of the salt-containing wastewater, improving the water treatment efficiency of the salt-containing wastewater and reducing the water treatment cost.

This invention relates to an electrolysis system for electrolyzing carbon dioxide, comprising an electrolyzer, a water circuit unit, a gas circuit unit, and an electrical control unit. Its key technical features are: the reaction temperature is below 100°C; the water circuit unit provides water to the electrolyzer as the anode reactant, and separates, collects, or discharges the product oxygen, recycling excess reactant water; the gas circuit unit provides carbon dioxide to the electrolyzer as the cathode reactant, monitors the composition of the product carbon monoxide, separates and collects the product carbon monoxide, and recycles excess reactant carbon dioxide. This invention can efficiently and stably electrolyze carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, separating water vapor and simultaneously separating and recycling unreacted carbon dioxide. It is easily integrated with downstream Fischer-Tropsch synthesis processes, solving the problems of rapid efficiency decay, unstable system operation, complex product handling, and low coupling with downstream processes in existing carbon dioxide electrolysis to carbon monoxide technology.

The invention discloses a system for repairing underground water by utilizing a microalgae microbial fuel cell, the system comprises an anode module, a cathode module and a pumping module, the anode module comprises an anode reactor, a first electrode and a velvet net, the cathode module comprises a cathode reactor and a second electrode, and the pumping module is connected with the first electrode and the second electrode. The pumping module comprises a first peristaltic pump, a second peristaltic pump and a third peristaltic pump, a first electrode is arranged in the anode reactor, the surface of the first electrode is wrapped with a velvet net, a second electrode is arranged in the cathode reactor, and the first electrode and the second electrode are connected through a metal wire. According to the invention, the microalgae microbial fuel cell is directly placed in the to-be-repaired underground water in situ, so that the remediation efficiency of the underground water is improved by utilizing microalgae microorganisms, and meanwhile, the traditional aeration oxygen supply is replaced by microalgae photosynthesis, so that the power generation performance of the microbial fuel cell is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; and the process cost of the microbial fuel cell is reduced based on the biochemical characteristics of the microalgae.

The present invention discloses a single cell, an anode plate, a cathode plate, and a battery stack. The single cell includes an anode plate and a cathode plate. The anode plate has an anode reaction surface, and the cathode plate has a cathode reaction surface and a cathode back surface opposite to the cathode reaction surface, with the anode reaction surface and the cathode reaction surface being arranged opposite to each other. The anode common hole and the cathode common hole both penetrate the cathode plate and the anode plate. The cathode common hole is used to communicate with the cathode reaction area on the cathode reaction surface. The anode reaction surface has an anode reaction area and a reaction hole connected to the anode reaction area. The cathode back surface has a bridge groove, which communicates with the anode common hole on the cathode plate and is opposite to the position of the reaction hole. Using the present invention, the bridge groove can guide the anode gas from the cathode plate of the previous single cell to the reaction hole on the anode plate of the next single cell. This anode gas flow channel facilitates the integration of the single cells, reduces the number of components, and makes the single cell structure compact.

The present invention provides a modular microbial electricity-producing coupled photo / electrocatalytic energy-saving wastewater treatment system with an adjustable water level and an aeration-free cathode. The system inlet is industrial wastewater, which flows into the reactor from the bottom water inlet via a peristaltic pump, passes through the microbial anode chamber, a sand insulation layer, and an upper cathode chamber, and then flows out. Carbon rods are used as conductive media between the cathode and the anode. Filter cloths are used to isolate the various parts. When the wastewater flows out of the cathode area, it flows out in a tidal manner. When the cathode is located above the water layer, an air cathode is formed, which reduces the need for aeration, can meet the oxygen required for the cathode reaction, and save the electricity required for additional aeration. This reactor setting can not only reduce the footprint, but also utilize the ability of microorganisms to transform pollutants and generate electricity, coupled with the photoelectric response and catalytic ability of the cathode nanocatalyst, to improve the coupling system's ability to remove COD, TN, TOC, etc. in industrial wastewater.

An integrated device for electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide / carbon monoxide relates to the technical field of energy catalysis and comprises a reactor module, a gas-liquid passage module, an electrolyte passage module, a temperature control liquid passage module, a reaction circuit module and a control module. The reactor module comprises a cathode temperature control plate, a cathode plate, a membrane electrode, an anode plate and an anode temperature control plate; the gas-liquid passage module is used for providing raw material gas with adjustable temperature and humidity for a cathode reaction runner of the reactor module and outputting a reaction product; the electrolyte path module enables electrolyte to circulate in the anode reaction flow channel; the temperature control liquid passage module is used for controlling the temperature of the reactor module and the electrolyte storage tank; the reaction circuit module provides electric energy for the reactor module; and the control module is used for integrally controlling each module, monitoring the state of the device and recording operation data. The utility model has the advantages of larger scale, integrated control, more convenience in use, more controllable parameters, higher safety and the like.

The invention discloses a method for correcting a potentiodynamic scanning curve and quantifying the deviation degree based on an attachment layer recessive ohmic resistance influence, and belongs to the technical field of conductive component nondestructive testing. Obtaining an experimental potential-current curve of the to-be-tested component through potentiodynamic scanning; constructing a potentiodynamic scanning equation for comprehensively representing the implicit ohmic resistance influence introduced by a cathode reaction, an anode reaction and a component surface attachment layer; fitting the equation with an experimental curve, and optimizing model parameters to enable the equation to be matched with the experimental curve, so as to extract numerical values of all parameters in the electrokinetic potential scanning equation from a fitting result; substituting the parameters back to a potentiodynamic scanning equation and removing the influence of an attachment layer to obtain a corrected curve and accurately calculating the polarization resistance of the component; and comparing the curves before and after correction so as to peel off the influence of the invisible ohmic resistance brought by the attachment layer on the dynamic potential scanning result. According to the invention, the corrosion condition of the conductive material can be rapidly, accurately and nondestructively evaluated.

This invention discloses a microbial fuel cell reactor device resembling an anaerobic / aerobic membrane bioreactor. The device includes an influent system, an effluent system, a main body of the microbial fuel cell reactor, and an energy data acquisition system. The main body of the microbial fuel cell reactor internally comprises an anaerobic anode reaction chamber, an intermediate baffle zone, and an aerobic cathode reaction chamber. The anaerobic anode reaction chamber operates in a plug-flow mode and contains anaerobic sludge and carbon brushes. The intermediate baffle zone isolates the anaerobic anode reaction chamber from the aerobic cathode reaction chamber via left and right plates, respectively, and uses pebbles at the bottom to replace the function of the semi-permeable membrane in traditional microbial fuel cells. The aerobic cathode reaction chamber employs a suspended-rotating biocathode and incorporates a hollow fiber membrane module, operating in a completely mixed mode. This invention has the advantages of low cost, simple and easily scalable structure, strong long-term operational stability, high power generation efficiency, and strong wastewater treatment capacity.

The invention provides a closed air-cooled metal bipolar plate, which belongs to the field of fuel cells and comprises a metal cathode plate, a metal anode plate, a support gasket and an air cooling plate. The supporting gaskets and the air cooling plates are welded between the metal cathode plates and the metal anode plates to form three independent cavities of the bipolar plate. The three independent cavities comprise an anode reaction gas cavity, a cooling cavity and a cathode reaction gas cavity; and each chamber is provided with a special flow channel structure, so that reactants and cooling media are uniformly distributed in the respective chambers, and the reaction requirements of the respective chambers are met. Air is adopted as a cooling medium, the special sealing structure is beneficial to keeping the three cavities of the air-cooled bipolar plate mutually independent, the design form of the gas flow channel on the bipolar plate simplifies the complex structure of the traditional closed air-cooled fuel cell bipolar plate, the flow resistance is reduced, the sealing reliability is improved, and meanwhile, the bipolar plate is lighter.

The invention discloses a cathode structure for a circulating water electrochemical treatment device and the circulating water electrochemical treatment device, the cathode structure comprises a bottom-layer connecting rod, a plurality of surface-layer cathodes, a plurality of bottom-layer cathodes and a scraper assembly, the plurality of surface-layer cathodes form a second cathode layer, and the second cathode layer and a first cathode layer formed by the plurality of bottom-layer cathodes are arranged in a front-back staggered manner; the scraper assembly covers the second cathode layer. By changing the structure of the cathode, under the condition that the reaction area of the cathode is not changed, the distance of a bubble rising section is shortened to reduce bubble aggregation and change a bubble separation path, the bubbles are separated from the cathode more easily, the actual contact area of ions in a solution and the cathode is increased, the negative influence caused by bubble aggregation is effectively weakened, and the stability of the cathode is improved. The capacity of the solution flowing to the surfaces of the cathodes is enhanced, the electrochemical water softening efficiency is improved, the electric energy consumption of electrolyzed water is reduced, and the descaling work of the front cathode and the rear cathode can be completed through the unique structural design.

The invention discloses an electrocatalytic water treatment system capable of realizing self-supply, which comprises an anode, a cathode, a reference electrode and an electrolyte injected into an electrolytic bath, the anode is a Ti / IrO2 material, the cathode is a CoNP-N-C material, and the electrolyte is one of a sodium sulfate aqueous solution, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; the anode is connected with the cathode through a lead and external voltage, and the reference electrode is in contact with the electrolyte through a salt bridge; according to the system, through a cathode and anode coupling mechanism, O2 generated by an anode forms an oxygen saturated solution in an electrolyte, the diffusion resistance from O2 to a cathode reaction interface is reduced, and then the problems of high energy loss and low O2 utilization rate caused by the fact that air or O2 needs to be additionally pumped into the system due to low O2 solubility and slow diffusion of O2 in gas-liquid two phases are solved. Besides, under the condition of no additional air / O2, the system only needs lower potential, and the pollutants can be efficiently removed in a wider pH range.