3227 results about "Liquid solid" patented technology

The invention provides a full-component resource reclamation method for waste positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries. The method comprises the following steps: 1) separating active substances and aluminum foils in waste positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries by using an aqueous solution of fluorine-containing organic acid and carrying out liquid-solid-solid separation so as to obtain leachate, the lithium-containing active substances and the aluminum foils; 2) respectively carrying out high temperature roasting and impurity removal with alkali liquor on the lithium-containing active substances; 3) respectively carrying out recovery of the fluorine-containing organic acid through addition of acid and distillation, deposition of impurity ions through addition of alkali and ammonium carbonate coprecipitation on the leachate so as to prepare nickel-cobalt-manganese carbonate ternary precursor; and 4) carrying out component regulation on a mixture of the treated active substances and the nickel-cobalt-manganese carbonate ternary precursor, adding lithium carbonate in a certain proportion and carrying out high temperature solid phase sintering so as to prepare a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide ternary positive electrode material. The method provided in the invention has the following advantages: the application scope of the method is wide; separation efficiency of the lithium-containing active substances and the aluminum foils is high; short-flow direct re-preparation of positive electrode materials in waste lithium ion batteries is realized; and the method is applicable to large-scale resource reclamation of waste lithium ion batteries.

The invention relates to a pretreatment method of wood fiber raw materials, which belongs to the technical field of biomass chemical engineering. The process comprises the following steps: carrying out the first-step treatment after the wood fiber raw materials are mixed with mixed liquid of an organic acid solution and catalysts to obtain a liquid-solid mixture; separating the obtained liquid-solid mixture to obtain pretreatment black liquid and cellulose solids; washing the obtained cellulose solids by the organic acid solution to obtain washing black liquid and cellulose solids; adopting diluted acid or alkali for carrying out the second-step treatment on the obtained cellulose solids; mixing the obtained pretreatment black liquid and the obtained black liquid to obtain mixed black liquid; circularly using the mixed black liquid in the first-step treatment process; and recovering organic acids, lignin products and syrup solutions from the black liquid in the cyclic use for at least three times. The invention has the advantages that the full-rate development of raw materials can be realized, in addition, the environment-friendly effect can be realized, and the invention conforms to the requirement of modern biorefinery development.

Nanostructured material transport devices and their method of fabrication, which involves applying molecular coatings to nano-openings in the devices to reduce the lateral dimensions and modify liquid solid interface characteristics of the nano-openings. Material transport devices having nano-openings with lateral dimensions confined to approximately 1 nm are obtainable.

A Fischer-Tropsch synthesis three-phase suspension bed reactor (“suspension bed” also called “slurry bed”) and its supplemental systems, may include: 1) structure and dimension design of F-T synthesis reactor, 2) a gas distributor located at the bottom of the reactor, 3) structure and arrangement of a heat exchanger members inside the reactor, 4) a liquid-solid filtration separation device inside reactor, 5) a flow guidance device inside reactor, 6) a condensate flux and separation member located in the gas phase space at the top of reactor, 7) a pressure stabilizer, a cleaning system for the separation device; an online cleaning system for the gas distributor; an ancillary system for slurry deposition and a pre-condensate and mist separation system located at the outlet of upper reactor. This reactor is suitable for industrial scale application of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

The invention discloses a preparation method of high-purity vanadium pentoxide. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: returning and dissolving coarse vanadium in aqueous alkali, and filtering the solution to remove metal impurities, which are subjected to precipitation reaction with the aqueous alkali, in the coarse vanadium, thus obtaining a primary returned solution; slowly pouring the primary returned solution into a sulfuric acid solution, adjusting the pH value of the solution to be 1.0-2.0 to obtain a liquid-solid mixture, and performing solid-liquid separation on the liquid-solid mixture; filtering and washing precipitates obtained from the solid-liquid separation of the mixture, and returning and dissolving the mixture into the aqueous alkali, thus obtaining a secondary returned solution; adding ammonium sulfate into the secondary returned solution for precipitating vanadium, and filtering the solution to obtain ammonium metavanadate; and processing the ammonium metavanadate to obtain the high-purity vanadium pentoxide. The preparation method adopting multiple stages of returned dissolving can be used for effectively removing the metal canon impurities of the vanadium pentoxide, and further obtaining the high-purity vanadium pentoxide with the metal canon impurity contents of less than 0.001% and the vanadium pentoxide content of 99.99%.

The present invention is directed to improved seed coatings which facilitate fall or early spring planting while maintaining seed dormancy until soil temperatures are appropriate for successful germination. The improved seed coatings contain encapsulated phase change materials within a polymeric shell which preserve the dormancy of the seed during early planting by slowing the rate at which the seed temperature rises in the event of a temperature spike thus preventing premature germination. The encapsulated phase change material is a material characterized by a solid/liquid or liquid/solid phase change which occurs at a temperature which ranges from about −5 to about 20° C., preferably between about 0 to about 19° C., most preferably between about 5 to about 15° C. The solid/liquid or liquid/solid phase change is further characterized by an effective enthalpy of fusion/crystallization for the solid-liquid/liquid-solid phase change equal to or greater than 20 J/g when determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry.

The present invention discloses an anaerobic biological wastewater treatment system for treating wastewater containing organic contaminants, which includes an anaerobic sludge bed reactor and a dissolved-air flotation tank. The anaerobic sludge bed reactor is used to decompose organic contaminants by way of an anaerobic biological treatment. The dissolved-air flotation tank is used to carry out liquid-solid separation on effluent from the anaerobic sludge bed reactor, so that anaerobic microorganisms entrained in the effluent can be recovered and recycled to the anaerobic sludge bed reactor, thereby enhancing the hydraulic loading of the anaerobic sludge bed reactor.

A method of making a printing plate in which the uncoated surface of a substrate is treated with a pre-treatment solution prior to the deposition of ink on the surface. The pre-treatment liquid comprises a polyvalent metal salt, and at least one of an organic swelling reagent and/or a coalescence reagent. The pre-treatment liquid is applied to form a thin, homogenous layer of approximately 4 μm to the entire upper surface of the recording plate. The swelling reagent and/or the coalescence reagent and the polyvalent metal cations are physically well localized in the porous structure of the plate's surface. After partial drying of the pretreated anodized aluminum plate, CTP liquid is deposited onto the surface to form an image. The CTP liquid solids react with the pre-treatment liquid and are, therefore, chemically bound to the surface. This allows all data to be deposited in a single pass of the inkjet head without the problem of clustering.

A modified activated carbon supported rhodium type catalyst for high carbene hydrocarbon hydrogen formylation reaction is provided. The preparation of the catalyst comprises the techniques such as carrier pretreatment-activity rhodium solid-phase bound reagent combination, and used for gas-liquid-solid three phase catalyst system, which is characterized in that: a certain amount of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide and salt modification activated carbon is used as a carrier, and the supported rhodium catalyst is prepared by using multiple impregnation method. The catalyst of the present invention is high in activity and selectivity. The catalyst is easy to be separated from products after reaction, capable of being used repeatedly, stable in performance, and suitable for the production process of high carbene hydrocarbon or mixed olefin hydrogen formylation made high carbon aldehyde, which has good industrial application value.

The present invention provides a technique method which separates lignose, hemicellulose, cellulose and phenolic acid from lignocellulosic biomass. Under the selected pH value and temperature, the lignocellulosic biomass is processed by hot water, so that the hemicellulose and the phenolic acid are preferentially resolved in aqueous solution, delignification processing is carried out, organic solvent or alkaline solution is applied to carry out high-temperature cooking, the generated liquid-solid phase product can be easily and effectively separated, and thus the hemicellulose, the cellulose and the phenolic acid can be respectively obtained. Moreover, enzymatic treatment can be selectively added, and a solid phase product is obtained at the first stage of a group of enzymatic treatment with a cooperative effect. Because the ferulic acid linkage between the hemicellulose and the lignose can be selectively broken, the separation of the chemical components has a high yield rate and high purity.

The invention provides a new combined treatment process for oilfield solid waste (oil sludge, industrial solid waste and household garbage). In the process, liquid-solid separation is performed on the oil sludge of an oilfield by adopting a conditioning-centrifugal separation process; the separated liquid enters oil-water separation equipment constructed on the oilfield for recovering crude oil; the oil recovery rate is up to 65 to 90 percent; after drying separated solid residue, the separated solid residue and pre-crushed industrial solid waste and household garbage are mixed and enter a countercurrent-type rotary gasification incinerator; combustible components in the oilfield solid waste are decomposed and gasified into combustible gases which are combusted partially in the incinerator; the combustible gases are combusted completely in a secondary combustion chamber; high-temperature smoke gas afterheat is recovered by a conduction oil afterheat boiler and air preheating equipment; and low-temperature smoke gas of which the afterheat is recovered is harmlessly exhausted after being treated by a sharp-quenching deacidification tower, an activated carbon adsorption tower and a bag-type dust remover. The process realizes the purposes of decrement, harmlessness and resources of oilfield solid waste treatment.

The invention discloses a high-toughness toughened hard alloy which comprises 10%-30% of Co or Co and Ni serving as a binding phase, 0-1.5% of Cr3C2 serving as an inhibitor, and the balance of hard phase WC, wherein the hard phase consists of WC crystalline grains with coarse, medium and fine grain sizes, the grain size of coarse grains is 9-15 mu m, the grain size of medium grains is 4-7 mu m, the grain size of the fine grains is less than 2 mu m, and the mean grain size of the hard phase WC is 1.6-3.2 mu m. The preparation method of the toughened hard alloy comprises the following steps of: preparing materials including 10%-30% of cobalt powder or cobalt powder and nickel powder, 0-1.5% of chromium carbide powder, and the balance of tungsten carbide powder, wherein Fsss grain size of the coarse grains WC is 9.0-11.0 mu m, the coarse grains WC account for 20%-42% of the prepared powder, the Fsss grain size of the medium grains WC is 4.0-6.0 mu m, the medium grains account for 10%-25% of the prepared powder, the Fsss grain size of the fine grains WC is 1.0-2.0 mu m, and the fine grains account for 20%-40% of the prepared powder; grinding, wherein a liquid paraffin forming agent which accounts for 2% of the prepared materials is added, mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol in a liquid-solid ratio of 300 ml/kg-350ml/kg, wet-ground for 20-28 hours according to the condition that the ratio of grinding media to material is 4:1, and sprayed and dried to obtain mixed materials; pressing; vacuum-sintering and isostatic-pressing and sintering. According to the invention, the toughness is improved on the premise of ensuring the hardness of the alloy, so that the operation field is expanded, special requirements of a cold-heating and cold-punching mould and a holt-rolling hard alloy roller ring are satisfied, and the service life of the high-toughness toughened hard alloy is prolonged.

The invention relates to a method for separating antimony and arsenic from antimony and arsenic-containing ash through an oxidation and alkaline leaching process. The method comprises the specific steps that the antimony and arsenic-containing ash and an alkaline solution with a certain concentration are mixed and then placed in an alkali-resisting and pressure-resisting reaction kettle, and a gaseous oxidizing agent of a certain pressure is introduced into the reaction kettle to conduct a reaction at a certain temperature; after the reaction is completed, liquid-solid separation is carried out when slurry is cooled to the temperature below 90 DEG C, and a liquid phase is returned to the pressure alkaline leaching procedure; a filter cake is subjected to multistage countercurrent washing and filtering with hot water, and arsenic-enriched washing liquid and an antimonite filter cake are obtained; the antimonite filter cake can serve as an antimony concentrate for preparation of antimony oxide powder; and the arsenic-enriched washing liquid is evaporated, then cooled and crystallized, the crystallization end-point temperature and the crystallization time are controlled, arsenate crystals can be obtained after liquid-solid separation, and crystallization mother liquor is alkaline liquor containing a little amount of arsenic and is returned for the leaching process of the antimony and arsenic-containing ash. By means of the method, the process is simple, antimony and arsenic are separated thoroughly, harm caused by arsenic volatilization during the roasting process and arsenic hydride gas produced through the acid leaching process can be avoided, and environmental friendliness is achieved.

Biological nutrient removal (BNR) in municipal wastewater treatment to remove carbonaceous substrates, nutrients and phosphorus, has recently become increasingly popular worldwide due to increasingly stringent regulations. Biological fluidized bed (BFB) technology, which could be potentially used for BNR processes, can provide some advantages such as high efficiency and compact structure. This present invention incorporates the fixed-film biological fluidized bed technology with the biological nutrient removal in a liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed, which has achieved the simultaneous elimination of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, in a very efficient manner and with very compact space requirements. The BNR-LSCFB has two fluidized beds, running as anoxic/anaerobic and aerobic processes to accomplish simultaneous nitrification and denitrification and to remove carbonaceous substrates, nutrients and phosphorus, with continuous liquid and solids recirculation through the anoxic/anaerobic bed and the aerobic bed. The new BNR-LSCFB system is not only an excellent alternative for conventional activated sludge type BNR technologies but is also capable of processing much higher loadings and suitable for industrial applications.

The invention discloses a green mining system of natural gas hydrate. The green mining system is used for mining natural gas hydrate from non-lithified stratums of deep-sea seabed superficial layers. The green mining system comprises a seabed tunneling-fluidifying-lifting pry, a closed fluidifying gathering pipeline and a sea surface separating and processing system, wherein the seabed tunneling-fluidifying-lifting pry is used for excavating a natural gas hydrate reservoir in a solid state in a storage region of the natural gas hydrate by virtue of the temperature and pressure in a natural environment, collecting solid matter of the natural gas hydrate, and crushing the solid matters of the natural gas hydrate into particulate matters, and seawater and the particulate matters are mixed through injection to form gas-liquid-solid multiphase mixture flow; the closed fluidifying gathering pipeline comprises a closed pipeline which is connected with the seabed tunneling-fluidifying-lifting pry so as to lift the gas-liquid-solid multiphase mixture flow to the sea surface; the sea surface separating and processing system is arranged at a sea surface support system and comprises a separating device and a processing device, the separating device is used for separating a gas-liquid-solid multiphase mixture lifted to the sea surface through the closed pipeline, and the processing device is used for processing separated matters. According to the green mining system, the safe and green mining of the deep-sea natural gas hydrate is realized, and potential hazards in multiple aspects are avoided.

The invention discloses a DSP-based electromagnetic flowmeter signal processing system, which comprises a hardware system and a software system. The hardware system consists of an excitation driving module, a signal modulation and acquisition module, a signal processing control module, a man-machine interface module, a communication module and a power supply management module. The signal control module uses DSP as a core. In the system, a high frequency square wave excitation control scheme is adopted, and the DSP generates an excitation time sequence to control the excitation driving module to perform high frequency square wave excitation of a magnet exciting coil; the signal modulation and acquisition module amplifies and filters an output signal of an electromagnetic flowmeter, performs the analog-to-digital conversion of the output signal and outputs the output signal to the DSP; the software system processes an acquired signal to obtain a flowmeter measurement result and send the result to a liquid crystal display; and the parameters of the flowmeter are set by keyboard operation or by the interaction between a master computer and the flowmeter by the communication module. The system can realize the high-accuracy and high-speed measurement of fluid flow, particularly the measurement of flow of liquid-solid two-phase fluid such as pulp.

Disclosed herein is a method for producing nanowires, which features the use of a porous glass template in combination with a solid-liquid-solid or vapor-liquid-solid process for growing nanowires which are highly straight and have nanoparticles precisely arranged therein. The nanowires can be grown into composite structures of superlattices and hybrids by modulating the composition of the materials provided thereto. Also disclosed is the use of the nanowires in multi-probes, field emission tips, and devices.

Disclosed is a vortex-based centrifugal separator for removing solids from a liquid/solids fluid stream in two stages. A fluid stream under pressure is introduced at the top of the cylindrical separator at a tangential angle forming helical downward flow. The first stage uses a centrally-located spin plate for reversing the cleaner interior flow of the vortex back upward, while the heavier solids settle at the bottom of the chamber for periodic removal. In the second stage, a plurality of louvered slots in an upper discharge pipe remove finer solids from the exiting upward fluid flow prior to discharge.

The invention provides a harmless and comprehensive utilization method of secondary aluminum dross and relates to a harmless and comprehensive utilization method of secondary aluminum dross produced in an aluminum dross treating process. The harmless and comprehensive utilization method is characterized in that slurry is prepared from the secondary aluminum dross produced in the aluminum dross treating process and water, a stirring deamination reaction is performed, and ammonia gas formed through the reaction is condensed or absorbed by water; slurry after the reaction is subjected to liquid-solid separation, separated liquid phase is subjected to evaporative crystallization, and a chlorate and fluoride salt mixture is obtained; separated solid phase is used for producing a calcium aluminate material. With adoption of the method, the aluminum dross can be treated harmlessly, useful components in the aluminum dross are recovered efficiently, the harmless secondary aluminum dross can replace high-alumina bauxite for preparing a calcium aluminate product, production cost is reduced greatly, zero-release utilization of the aluminum dross is realized, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the cost is low, environmental protection is realized, and the method has wide applicability.

The invention relates to a clean production method for preparing sodium chromate from chromite, which comprises the following steps of: reacting the chromite with an oxidizing gas in a medium of NaOH-NaNO3-H2O, wherein sodium nitrate serves as a catalytic medium and is not consumed in the reaction; obtaining a mixed reaction product of an alkali liquor, the sodium chromate and iron slag after thereaction; leaching the mixed reaction product, performing liquid-solid separation of the alkali liquor and a crystal slag mixture (a mixture of a sodium chromate crystal and the iron slag), dissolvingthe mixture of the iron slag and the sodium chromate crystal, performing liquid-solid separation of the solution of the iron slag and the sodium chromate crystal, performing evaporative crystallization of the sodium chromate solution, rinsing and drying the obtained sodium chromate solution, obtaining qualified sodium chromate products; and circulating the crystallized mother liquor and the alkali liquor together to decompose the chromite. In the method, the chromium conversion ratio is above 99 percent and the chromium content ratio in the slag is less than 0.5 percent.

The invention discloses a method used for preparing ammonium metavanadate from vanadium slag via ammonium salt leaching. The method comprises following steps: (1) vanadium slag is subjected to pre-oxidation so as to obtain a calcined product; (2) the calcined product is subjected to leaching with an ammonium salt aqueous solution, and liquid-solid separation is carried out; and (3) a liquid obtained via step (2) is subjected to cooling crystallization and separation so as to obtain ammonium metavanadate crystals. The method is high in vanadium leaching efficiency; leaching solution impurity content is low; ammonium metavanadate can be obtained via cooling crystallization; waste water contains no mirabilite; subsequent processes, such as purifying, vanadium precipitation, and waste water treatment, are simplified; technical cost is low; operation is simple; and the method is clean, and no pollution is caused.

The present invention discloses an ultragravitational field rotation bed mass transfer and reaction equipment. Said equipment comprises machine shell, rotor, rotary foam-catching device and transmission device. The described machine shell comprises gas inlet end cover, straight cylinder section and gas outlet end cover; the described transmission device is formed from motor, transmission shaft, supporting bearing and seal system, and the described rotor is formed from dual rotors, and is consisted of two metal frames with shared bottom plate, two phases of gas and liquid can be parallelly-flowed and contacted on one rotor, and on another rotor they are counter-current-wise contacted, and the rotors are fixed on the shaft by means of shared bottom plate. Said invented equipment can be extensively used in the mass transfer and reaction process of multiphase material system of gas-liquid, gas-liquid-solid and gas-liquid-liquid.

The invention provides a process for continuous preparation of trimellitic anhydride by step catalytic oxidation process by using pseudocumene as raw material, fatty group carboxylic acid as dissolvent, cobalt, manganese and bromine as catalyst, the preparing process comprises the steps of, (1) stepwise continuous catalysis oxidizing process, (2) crystallization and liquid-solid separation, (3) anhydride forming procedure, (4) subtractive process, and (5) solvent reclamation.

The invention discloses a device and a method for the combined use of molecular imprinting solid phase microextraction and hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction, and the application thereof. The device consists of a solid phase microextraction device, a molecular imprinting solid phase microextraction probe, a hollow fiber membrane, an extraction bottle and a stirrer. The molecular imprintingsolid phase microextraction probe is inserted in to a hollow fiber membrane cavity containing organic solvent, fixed and then directly positioned into a sample solution to be measured for purpose of liquid-solid phase synchronous microextraction. During the microextraction, analytes permeate the hollow fiber membrane, are then enriched in the organic solvent and then undergo secondary extraction and enrichment under the action of the molecular imprinting solid phase microextraction probe. The device is simple, operates conveniently, facilitates the combined use with an analyzer, is suitable for the separation and enrichment of organics with trace amounts in complex water phase samples obtained from the fields such as environment, food, medicine, biology and the like.