368 results about "Methane fermentation" patented technology

The invention discloses a technology for full classification recycling treatment on household waste and relates to the field of recycling integrated utilization of household waste. A main process route of the technology comprises that household waste is homogenized by a homogenizer, is subjected to large object sorting (wherein large objects comprise large combustibles and inorganic matters), is treated by a bag breaking device (for scratching a plastic packaging bag), is treated by a magnetic separator (for separating out magnetic materials), is treated by an eddy sorting machine (for separating out nonferrous metals), is subjected to artificial sorting, then is broken, is fed into a hydrothermal degradation tank, is treated by a light material separator (for separating out papers and plastics), and then is crushed; then mixed organic matters and percolate are mixed and then are subjected to methane fermentation so that methane is produced; and methane residues and a methane liquid are prepared into an organic fertilizer and inorganic matters are prepared into a building material and the combustibles are prepared into a refuse derived fuel (RDF). The technology really realizes reduction, harmlessness and recycling of waste.

The invention discloses a technique for producing methane with kitchen residue, straw fecal and active sludge as raw material, and relates to the key technique of methane production and a high solid methane fermentation reactor. It is characterized in: rigid anaerobic environment, adequate and good inoculum, necessary fermentation temperature, proper acid-base scale, proper fermentation concentration and carbon-hydrogen ration; the breeding speed safeguard of zymogeneous bacteria in fermentate; the killing of toxic and harmful bacterium; and the high solid reactor of stable operation. The invention is characterized in that it has significant academic meaning and practical meaning for producing methane with low investment, high stability and clean production.

The invention provides an energy utilization system of organic wastes with zero emission of carbon dioxide, which organically combines anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production, methane fermentation, CO2 absorption, microalgae fixation CO2, biogas liquid treatment and energy grass planting. The system is suitable for treating various types of organic wastes, can be applied to the treatment of agricultural organic wastes, industrial organic wastes, domestic organic wastes, slurry and the like, and the industries, such as new energy development. Through the application of the invention, the specific application demonstration of recycling economy can be carried out, clean energy is obtained while eliminating environmental pollution, no greenhouse gas emits in the process, and the triple effects of wastes treatment, production of clean and renewable energy sources and reduction of carbon dioxide emission can be realized.

Provided by the invention is a reactor for two-phase methane fermentation of organic waste materials such as livestock excrements which can be operated for a long period with stability. The apparatus comprises an acid fermentation tank (1) connected to a feed tank, a methane fermentation tank (2) partitioned from the acid fermentation tank (1) with a partition wall (4) having a gate valve (4A) and a settling tank (3) partitioned from the methane fermentation tank (2) by a second partition wall (5) having a gate valve (5A) and the space in the upper part of the methane fermentation tank (2) serves as a gas holder (6). The methane gas generated in the methane fermentation tank (2) and collected in the gas holder (6) is taken out from a methane outlet pipeline (10) opening in the canopy of the gas holder (6).

A method for preparing biogas by joint anaerobic fermentation of food waste, urban sludge and urban excrement, comprising the following steps: (1) pretreatment system: food waste, urban sludge and urban excrement undergo a pretreatment process to obtain granules (2) homogeneous system: the materials processed in step (1) enter the homogenizing tank one after another, mix evenly and degrade part of the suspended matter, so that the particle size of the solid material is less than 20-25mm, and obtain Fermentation substrate with a solid content rate of 8 to 12%; (3) anaerobic fermentation system: the fermentation substrate treated in step (2) is transported to an anaerobic fermentation tank by a pump and adopts a continuous fermentation process and a mesophilic anaerobic fermentation The anaerobic fermentation method combined with jet stirring produces biogas, biogas residue and biogas slurry. The combined anaerobic fermentation preparation method of the present invention has the effects of complete material fermentation and high gas production rate.

The invention discloses a device for generating power by hydrolyzing an acid phase in two-phase methane fermentation by utilizing cow dung and a power generating method thereof, and belongs to the field of power generation of microbes. The invention provides a new way for applying the cow dung. In the device, an anode chamber is separated from a cathode chamber through a diaphragm. The method comprises the following steps: 1, stacking fresh cow dung at room temperature out of the sun under the anaerobic condition, and filtering the fresh cow dung; 2, preparing a mixed material; 3, filling the material; and 4, starting up for operation, and stably outputting the current after 48 hours; therefore, the power generation for hydrolyzing the acid phase in the two-phase methane fermentation by utilizing the cow dung is realized. The device has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation; in the method, the electric energy obtained is table, the maximum output power can reach 264mW/M3, and the output voltage is stabilized between 416 and 456mV; and the invention provides a new way for applying the cow dung.

The invention relates to a method for producing alcohol by using anaerobic effluent in a water recycling way. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: filling alcohol waste distillate into an anaerobic methane fermentation tank for carrying out methane fermentation; introducing generated methane into cogeneration for generating electricity; oxidizing anaerobic effluent through air or pure oxygen or hydrogen peroxide or ozone, and the like to be reused as a mixing material, and carrying out alcoholic fermentation by utilizing water to realize water recycling; distilling the fermentation liquor to obtain finished alcohol; and filling waste distillate into the anaerobic methane fermentation tank for the circulation of a next batch.

The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a method and a device for treating sulfate wastewater. The treatment method comprises the following steps of: performing first-stage anaerobic treatment, namely adding ethanol into wastewater to be treated, and performing first-stage anaerobic treatment by using an anaerobic expanded bed, wherein a sulfate reduction reaction and methane fermentation are basically finished in a first-stage anaerobic reactor; and performing second-stage anaerobic treatment, namely finishing sulfate blow-off, anaerobic sludge precipitation and further second-stage anaerobic treatment in a combined precipitator. The sulfate reduction amount is extremely low in the second-stage anaerobic treatment process, but 30 to 70 percent of organic matters can be removed; and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency rises along with the reduction in first-stage anaerobic amount so as to ensure that the whole set of system has a higher level of organic matter removal efficiency. The treatment device comprises an anaerobic expanded bed reactor, the combined precipitator, a water inlet pump, a backflow pump and the like. The device and the method have good treatment effects on high-concentration sulfate wastewater; and by the device and the method, the organic matter removal efficiency and methane fermentation efficiency can be improved.

The invention discloses a method for producing methane through combination of perishable organic wastes and straws. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting the perishable organic wastes and the straws, and respectively crushing; step 2, filling the crushed perishable organic wastes on percolation fillings of a solid percolation bed, adding fermenting methane inoculants, and carrying out anaerobic hydrolysis to produce acid so as to form percolate; step 3, collecting the percolate discharged from the bottom of the solid percolation bed, adding the percolate and the crushed straws into a straw pretreatment reactor, heating, soaking and pre-treating; and step 4, collecting a mixture of hydrolysis acid production residues, and pre-treated straws and percolate, adding the mixture into a methane fermentation reactor, and carrying out hybrid anaerobic fermentation to produce the methane. According to the invention, acid poisoning of the perishable organic wastes, which is easy to happen in the conventional anaerobic fermentation process, and abrasion of equipments and pipelines in the conventional strong acid/strong alkali pretreatment can be avoided, the pretreatment cost of the straws is reduced, the method is beneficial for subsequent utilization of methane residues, and the fermentation performance of the methane is improved.

A hydrogen-containing gas suitable for use in a fuel cell, especially in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, is produced from a digestion gas (b) yielded in methane fermentation of organic matter (a), and is then supplied to the fuel cell to generate electricity. A fuel cell power generation method comprises a methane fermentation step (A) for subjecting organic matter to methane fermentation, a pretreatment step (B) for pretreating digestion gas yielded in the methane fermentation step, a hydrogen production step (C) for producing hydrogen-containing gas (c) from the gas which has been pretreated in the pretreatment step, and a fuel cell power generation step (D) for supplying the hydrogen-containing gas produced in the hydrogen production step to a fuel cell to generate electricity. The pretreatment step comprises an alkaline absorption step (B1) for absorbing carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide contained in the digestion gas yielded in the methane fermentation step into an alkaline absorbent solution.

The invention provides an integrated two-phase anaerobic reactor. A fixing padding and an alkali distribution tube are arranged in a reaction area of the conventional up-flow anaerobic reactor; and by feeding alkali, the padding layer is adjusted and the pH value of muddy water in the reaction area above the padding layer is between 6.8 and 7.2 so that optimal growth conditions of acid generating fermentation microbes and methane generating fermentation microbes are formed on the lower part and the upper part of the reactor respectively and the treatment capability and running stability of the wastewater anaerobic reactor are greatly improved. Separation of hydrolysis acidifying phase and methane generating phase is realized in the reactor, capital construction and running expenses are saved, and the volume load of the reactor is improved.

The present invention discloses a method for treating pig farm wastewater by using straw, including the steps of A, building a straw matrix pool to degrade wastewater COD and absorb nitrogen and phosphorus through straw; B, adding straw in the straw matrix pool after the pool is built and immersing the straw in wastewater; C, treating breeding wastewater, including gradually adding pig farm wastewater after anaerobic methane fermentation, allowing the wastewater to flow down step by step, keeping the wastewater in the straw matrix pool for 5-10 days, and discharging the wastewater by a lower end outlet; and D, managing the straw matrix pool, including replenishing straw to the straw matrix pool after the straw matrix pool running for 4-5 months. The method for treating pig farm wastewater by using straw is low in operating costs, simple in operation, and easy to be accepted by farming households, has an excellent treatment effect on nitrogen, phosphorus and COD in farm waste, and has a good application prospect in the majority of sub-tropical areas in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating organic waste including: a first circulation line having a first circulation pump connected thereon so as to supply a portion of the organic waste being acid fermented in an acid fermenter to a methane fermenter; a second circulation line having a second circulation pump connected thereon so as to supply a portion of anaerobic digestive fluid methane fermented in the methane fermenter to the acid fermenter; and vortex generating means having a plurality of first, second and third nozzles disposed in the methane fermenter so as to allow the anaerobic digestive fluid in the methane fermenter to be agitated by vortices generated thereof.

The invention discloses a composite bacterial agent for methane fermentation, which relates to a composite preparation of microbial fermentation bacterial liquid. In the invention, the problem of lacking bacterial gent applicable to methane fermentation using cow dung as a main raw material and bacterial agent applicable to medium and large methane fermentation projects is solved. The composite bacterial agent comprises 8 to 15 weight parts of bacteroides cellulosolvens fermentation liquor, 12 to 20 weight parts of clostridium pasteurianum fermentation liquor, 30 to 45 weight parts of methanoculleussubmarinua fermentation liquor and 20 to 50 weight parts of methanosarcina mazei fermentation liquor. The number of the active bacteria of 1 milliliter of the fermentation liquor of each of the four kinds of bacteria is greater than 10<9>. The composite bacterial agent for the methane fermentation using the cow dung as the main raw material can make gas production earlier and improve gas yield and methane yield effectively.

The invention provides a method for producing marsh gas by two-phase dry-type mixed anaerobic fermentation, belonging to the technical field of renewable energy sources. The method mainly comprises the following steps: ethanol prefermentation: inoculating a certain amount of dried yeast into kitchen waste to carry out ethanol prefermentation; and methane fermentation: mixing the kitchen waste subjected to ethanol prefermentation and vinasse in a ratio of 1:1 (on the basis of VS) as a substrate for subsequent anaerobic fermentation, and inoculating long-term acclimatized sludge in a ratio of 1:1 (sludge:substrate (on the basis of VS)). The method searches the possibility of optimizing methane anaerobic fermentation by ethanol prefermentation, and optimizes the experimental conditions for ethanol prefermentation. The method can effectively relieve the problem of volatile acid inhibition in the anaerobic digestion process, and obviously enhances the methane yield, thereby enhancing the energy recovery rate. The method is simple to operate, and thus, has high practical value.

A method and apparatus for the anaerobic methane fermentation treatment of a wastewater containing a sulfur compound. An oxidizing agent is added to an organic wastewater to oxidize the sulfur compound contained therein to molecular sulfur before the anaerobic treatment step. The wastewater is then introduced into the anaerobic treatment step for the methane fermentation treatment thereof. The amount of the oxidizing agent to be added to the wastewater is controlled using as an indicator the concentration of the residual oxidizing agent in the water flowing into the anaerobic treatment step and/or the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in a biogas generated. The oxidizing agent may be ozone, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite or a bromine based oxidizing agent. When the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in a biogas generated in the anaerobic treatment step is used as said indicator, the oxidizing agent may be suitably added such that the concentration of hydrogen sulfide is 3% or less.

The invention relates to greenhouse breeding equipment, in particular to a four-in-one breeding shed. The four-in-one breeding shed comprises a breeding chamber, a biogas digester, a greenhouse and a solar power generating device. The greenhouse comprises three supporting heat-preserving walls and one light-transmitting wall, a three-pinnacle texture type folding top cover is arranged on the top of the greenhouse, and the top cover is made of light-transmitting tempered glass or plastic heat-preserving films. Solar cell panels are arranged above the top cover and are connected with storage batteries. The high-efficiency three-dimensional breeding and growing provides job opportunities for people and lays an abundant material basis for methane fermentation, meanwhile, the worldwide problems of intermittent solar energy and regional and seasonal methane fermentation are solved, and the good effects of a virtuous material circle and multistage energy utilization are achieved.

The invention provides a straw methane fermentation system and relates to the technical field of microbiological related devices. The straw methane fermentation system mainly structurally comprises a fermentation tank, as well as a feed pipe and a methane pipe which are arranged at the top of the fermentation tank, wherein residue discharge port is formed at the bottom of the fermentation tank; a tank body of the fermentation tank is in a double-layer three-section cylinder structure; with the adoption of a feed and pressing device capable of effectively preventing biogas residue from floating and caking, raw materials such as straws can be put into the fermentation tank directly; and the system overcomes the defects that special breaking equipment is required to be configured for the straws, chopped fibers remained in the broken straws can gather, wind and float to result in caking, so that methane gathering is blocked, and a raw material utilization ratio is low and the like.

The invention discloses an aerobatic and anaerobic coupled two-phase fermentation marsh gas generation process method, and belongs to the renewable energy resource utilization technology. The method includes the three steps of distributing and mixing crop straw, conducting wet process aerobiotic hydrolysis fermentation and conducting wet process anaerobic marsh gas generation fermentation. In the wet process aerobiotic hydrolysis fermentation step, by means of rapid propagation of aerobiotic micro-organisms, lignin of the crop straw is degraded, the structure of the lignin is damaged, and therefore cellulose and hemicellulose which can be fully used in the subsequent wet process anaerobic marsh gas generation fermentation step can be exposed, and the marsh gas production rate can be increased. The advantages of aerobiotic fermentation and the advantages of anaerobic fermentation are brought into full play and fully used, no chemical reagent needs to be added, operation is easy and convenient, the process is simple, the marsh gas productivity is high, the comprehensive utilization effect of the crop straw is good, and the application range is wide.

A novel method of biomass processing, in which while carrying out efficient fermentation of biomass, energy can be recovered without the use of plants and in which after the biomass processing the concentration of organic matter in waste liquid can be reduced. There is provided a method of biomass processing, comprising carrying out a hydrogen fermentation of biomass with the use of a hydrogen producing bacterium to thereby recover hydrogen. Further, a fermentation liquid occurring after the hydrogen fermentation is subjected to methane fermentation with the use of a methane bacterium to thereby recover methane. In this instance, at least an organic acid is contained in the fermentation liquid.

The invention discloses methane dry fermentation compound bacteria, which comprise 25% to 45% of cellulose decomposing bacteria, 9% to 15% of protein decomposing bacteria, 8% to 15% of fat decomposing bacteria, 8% to 12% of hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria, 18% to 31% of sulfate reducing bacteria and 2.5% to 9.5% of methanogenic archaea according to bacterium number percentages. The compound bacteria of microorganisms with a complete methane fermentation function are capable of processing methane dry fermentation raw materials with TS content as 20% to 30% and stable in methane production effect and apt to control methane production.

A method of disposing waste includes the step of forming a primary waste pond called an Advanced Facultative Pond (AFP). A stable microbiological methane fermentation zone is established within the AFP. The system constitutes a complete primary treatment of organic waste and wastewater that does not require daily sludge handling typically associated with organic waste treatment and disposal The method of the invention converts organic compounds, including settleable solids, into methane. The invention controls sulfide odors from methane fermentation. The invention also provides a method of filtering raw wastewater through a bed of fermenting organic solids suspended by gas evolved in a fermentation zone. Hydrogen sulfide is oxidized in accordance with the invention. The technique of the invention biologically increases pH near the pond surface, thus retaining hydrogen sulfide in solution in the pond water. The biological increasing of the pH level near the pond surface increases the rate of die-away of pathogenic bacteria. The invention transforms proteins and other organic nitrogen compounds to nitrogen gas. The invention also transforms proteins and other organic nitrogen compounds to nitrogen gas; the invention detoxifies chlorinated hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds; the invention captures and stores gases evolved from methane fermentation; the invention removes heavy metals, while establishing meromixis in fermentation cells or zones within primary wastewater ponds.

The invention relates to the technology of biomass energy utilization, and aims to provide a kitchen waste and sludge hydrogen-producing acidification pretreatment method capable of increasing the methane production rate. The method comprises the following steps: mixing the kitchen waste and the sludge after crushing pretreatment, using the mixture and a sulfuric acid solution to prepare a mixed liquid, performing hydrolysis on the mixed liquid at 135 DEG C to obtain a starting crude; adding yeast powder into the starting crude, inoculating dark-fermentation hydrogenogens, feeding high-purity nitrogen to build an anaerobic fermentation environment, then performing dark-fermentation hydrogen-producing deep acidification pretreatment at the constant temperature of 37 DEG C, and obtaining a hydrogen-producing deep acidification pretreatment liquid; adding methanogens into the liquid, keeping the anaerobic environment at 37 DEG C, and performing methane fermentation and coproduction. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the hydrogen-producing deep acidification pretreatment is utilized to obviously increase the methane production rate; the rate peak time of the produced methane is reduced by about 50%; the waste treatment and degradation time of the fermentation tank with a unit volume is reduced by about 50%; the waste treatment capacity of the single equipment in unit time is improved by about one time.