46 results about "Methane fermentation" patented technology

The invention discloses a pretreatment method for increasing the yield of anaerobic fermentation methane of a lignocellulose material, and belongs to the technical field of high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation methane production of organic solid waste. The method comprises the following steps: (1) crushing straws; (2) mixing the straw powder and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: (19-21), stirring at a rotating speed of 120-180r / min, treating for 22-26h, fully and uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH value of the system to 3.4-3.7, adding 0.08-0.12 wt% of cellulase according to the mass of the straw, and carrying out enzymolysis at 49-51 DEG C for 2-4d to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate; (3) yeast pre-fermentation: inoculating 4-6% v / v activated angel high-activity dry yeast into the enzymatic hydrolysate in the step (2) for anaerobic pre-fermentation, wherein the pre-fermentation time is 16-20 hours; and (4) anaerobic fermentation for methane production: adding 20-30% v / v of introduction sludge into the fermentation system in the step (3), and carrying out anaerobic fermentation for methane production, wherein the fermentation temperature is 36-38 DEG C. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of being high in adaptability, short in treatment period, good in economic benefit, free of environmental pollution and the like, and has certain guidance and inspiration effects on engineering of producing methane from straw.

To provide a dry methane fermentation tank which has a simple constitution, is easily maintained, and can sufficiently ferment a material to be fermented, a dry methane fermentation system equipped with the dry methane fermentation tank, and a dry methane fermentation method.SOLUTION: A dry methane fermentation tank comprising: a fermenter body for storing an organic resource and / or a raw material derived from the organic resource in a storage space and performing dry methane fermentation; an inlet port which is provided in the fermenter body and through which the organic resource and / or the raw material derived from the organic resource is charged into the fermenter body; The dry methane fermentation tank has a discharge port for discharging the fermentation residue of the organic resources and / or the organic resource-derived raw material from the dry methane fermentation tank body, and a conveyor device for carrying the organic resources and / or the organic resource-derived raw material charged from the charge port and transferring the organic resources toward the discharge port side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

This methane fermentation treatment method involves repeating: a slow stirring step for using a methane fermentation tank that includes an inner cylinder of which the lower end part is opened and which provides on the inside of an outer cylinder of which the upper and lower end parts are closed, a lower part communication path which communicates the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder with each other at the lower part thereof and allows fermented sludge to flow, and an upper part communication path which communicates gas phase spaces formed at upper parts of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder with each other and allows the communication state to switch between open and closed states, supplying biogas to the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder from the outside, and causing fermented sludge to flow between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder while providing the liquid level difference between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; a rapid stirring step for eliminating the pressure difference in the gas phase spaces formed in the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder to remove the liquid level difference formed in the slow stirring step, and causing the fermented sludge to flow in a direction opposite to the slow stirring process; and a standing step for leaving the fermented sludge alone after the rapid stirring step or the slow stirring step.

The object of the present invention is to provide a biogas treatment facility and a biogas treatment method that enable the removal of carbon dioxide contained in biogas generated by methane fermentation in a simple and low-cost manner. [Solution] To solve the above problems, we provide a biogas treatment facility and a biogas treatment method that include a gas-liquid contact section for bringing biogas discharged from a methane fermentation facility into contact with an aqueous solution containing alkaline earth metal ions, wherein a carbonate precipitation reaction proceeds in the gas-liquid contact section. [Effect] According to this invention, for biogas generated by methane fermentation and having a relatively high carbon dioxide content, carbon dioxide can be removed (recovered and fixed) from the biogas by a carbonate precipitation reaction that proceeds without the supply of external energy. This makes it possible to remove carbon dioxide contained in biogas simply and at low cost.

This invention discloses an anaerobic bio-fermentation process for the targeted degradation of municipal sewage sludge, belonging to the field of sludge treatment technology. The process includes: pretreatment and targeted activation of components; staged hydrolysis and acidification for targeted production of short-chain fatty acids; methanogenic fermentation mediated by conductive materials coupled with a microbial electrolysis cell for assistance; multi-parameter dynamic control based on online monitoring and intelligent algorithms; magnetic separation, recovery, and recycling of magnetic conductive materials; in-situ biogas purification and product gradient reflux; solid-liquid separation and residue resource utilization. This invention achieves kinetic matching and metabolic enhancement of hydrolysis and acidification and methanogenesis through the deep linkage of four modules: targeted hydrolysis and acidification, enhanced direct interspecies electron transfer via a microbial electrolysis cell, magnetic material circulation, and intelligent control. Compared with existing technologies, the methane yield is increased by more than 40%, propionic acid accumulation is below 50 mg / L, the fermentation cycle is shortened to 8-10 days, and system energy consumption is reduced by 20%.

To provide an organic waste treatment method and organic waste treatment system that can stably and inexpensively perform methane fermentation of organic waste. [Solution] The organic waste treatment method according to this disclosure is an organic waste treatment method comprising methane fermentation of a mixture of chicken manure and food waste, wherein the mixture contains 5% or more of the food waste.

An object of the present invention is to provide an organic waste treatment apparatus, an operation method thereof, and an organic waste treatment method capable of preventing an increase in the number of anaerobic digestion tanks and an adverse effect on a water treatment facility and recovering a large amount of resources including biogas from a sewage treatment plant even in a higher organic matter load (input of a large amount of dehydrated cake) than before by increasing the efficiency of an anaerobic digestion process.SOLUTION: The organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises an anaerobic digestion tank for producing digested sludge by methane fermentation of slurry-like organic waste with anaerobic microorganisms, a solid-liquid separation device for separating the digested sludge in the anaerobic digestion tank into concentrated sludge and separated liquid, and an electrodialysis device for separating desalted liquid by electrodialysis of the separated liquid with an ion exchange membrane, wherein the separated liquid is introduced into the anaerobic digestion tank.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The present disclosure addresses the problem of providing a woody biomass washing waste liquid saccharification method that eliminates the need for a temperature adjustment when a woody biomass washing waste liquid is saccharified and can substantially increase saccharide concentration post-saccharification. A woody biomass washing waste liquid saccharification method according to the present invention is a saccharification method for a washing waste liquid obtained when woody biomass is washed. The woody biomass washing waste liquid saccharification method includes a washing step and a saccharification step. At the washing step, woody biomass is washed with water. At the saccharification step, an oxidizing agent is added to a washing waste liquid obtained at the washing step, and the washing waste liquid is saccharified to obtain a saccharified waste liquid.

To provide a desulfurization apparatus capable of treating hydrogen sulfide while suppressing a decrease in methane gas concentration in biogas.SOLUTION: A desulfurization apparatus 16 biologically treats hydrogen sulfide in biogas generated by methane fermentation processing of organic wastewater or organic waste using sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, and includes: a reaction tank 20 to which the biogas is supplied; a non-porous hollow fiber membrane 22 installed in the reaction tank 20; an oxygen-containing gas supply device 24 that supplies an oxygen-containing gas to the hollow fiber membrane 22; an oxygen-containing gas exhaust pipe 26 that exhausts the oxygen-containing gas from the hollow fiber membrane 22 to the outside of the reaction tank 20; and a water spraying device 28 that sprays water onto an outer surface of the hollow fiber membrane 22. The hollow fiber membrane 22 allows oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas to permeate into the reaction tank 20 and supplies the oxygen to a biofilm including the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria formed on the outer surface of the hollow fiber membrane 22.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

An organic wastewater treatment apparatus includes: a first treatment device configured to perform methane fermentation on organic wastewater containing a floating substance, an organic substance, and a nitrogen component under an anaerobic condition and perform membrane filtration to obtain membrane-filtered water; a second treatment device provided downstream of the first treatment device and including a vacuum degassing device that removes and recovers a part of dissolved methane in the membrane-filtered water; and a third treatment device provided downstream of the second treatment device and configured to perform post-treatment.

The invention discloses a strain combination, a methane fermentation system and a preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of microorganisms. In the methane fermentation system provided by the invention, lignocellulose in crop straws is firstly and preliminarily hydrolyzed into soluble saccharides by natural hydrolytic flora in an inoculum, and then the soluble saccharides are fermented by lactobacillus plantarum to generate intermediate products such as lactic acid, acetic acid, ethanol, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and the like; further, intermediate products such as lactic acid and ethanol are converted into methane-producing precursors such as hydrogen and acetic acid through natural microbial flora in the inoculum; subsequently, in the methane production stage, methanosarcina utilizes hydrogen and carbon dioxide to produce methane in a hydrogen nutrition mode, utilizes acetic acid to produce methane in an acetic acid nutrition mode and / or utilizes methyl substances to produce methane in a methyl nutrition mode, accumulation of intermediate products is avoided, and the conversion efficiency of a substrate and the methane yield are improved.

The invention provides an organic waste water treatment device and an organic waste water treatment method, which can reduce the amount of methane dissolved in membrane filtration water and increase the amount of recovered methane when anaerobic treatment is performed on organic waste water in a membrane separation methane fermentation tank. This organic wastewater treatment device is provided with: a first treatment device (20) for obtaining membrane-filtered water (W2) by methane fermentation of organic wastewater (W1) containing suspended substances, organic substances, and nitrogen components under anaerobic conditions and membrane filtration using a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane; a second treatment device (30) provided with a vacuum degassing device (32) for removing and recovering a part of dissolved methane in the membrane filtration water (W2), the second treatment device (30) being provided on the downstream side of the first treatment device (20); and a third processing device (40) which is provided on the downstream side of the second processing device (30) and which performs post-processing.

To provide a hydrogen supply device for a methane gas fermentation tank capable of safely and easily eliminating clogging SOLUTION: In a biomethanation reaction for converting carbon dioxide (CO2) contained in a biogas into methane (CH4) by adding hydrogen into a digestive liquid of a methane fermentation tank, a hydrogen gas feeder 11 is inserted and arranged through an insertion part 7 provided in the methane fermentation tank 1. The hydrogen gas supply device includes a first tube part configured such that a distal end region thereof is positioned in the digestive juice W, and a second tube part disposed in the first tube part so as to be capable of being inserted into and pulled out from the first tube part and having a length capable of protruding from a distal end open region of the first tube part, and the second tube part has a hydrogen gas blowing region communicating with the inside of the tube in a protruding region protruding from the distal end open region of the first tube part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

To provide a methane fermentation treatment system, a methane fermentation treatment method, and a method for using conductive substances to suppress a reaction inhibition of methane fermentation due to an increase in hydrogen concentration in methane fermentation treatment.SOLUTION: To solve the above problem, a methane fermentation treatment system includes a methane fermentation tank and a hydrogen supply part that supplies hydrogen to the methane fermentation tank, and the methane fermentation tank contains conductive substances. According to the present invention, hydrogen is supplied to the methane fermentation tank containing conductive substances, and the conductive substances promote a reaction called DIET (Direct Interspecies Electron Transfer), in which electrons are directly exchanged without hydrogen, which has the effect of suppressing an inhibition of the methane fermentation reaction due to an increase in hydrogen concentration.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Provided is an organic wastewater treatment device and an organic wastewater treatment method that can reduce the amount of methane dissolved in membrane-filtered water and increase the amount of methane recovered when anaerobically treating organic wastewater in a membrane separation methane fermentation tank. The organic wastewater treatment device includes: a first treatment device (20) that performs methane fermentation on organic wastewater (W1) containing suspended matter, organic matter, and nitrogen components under anaerobic conditions and performs membrane filtration using a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane to obtain membrane-filtered water (W2); a second treatment device (30) disposed on the downstream side of the first treatment device (20) and including a vacuum degassing device (32) that removes and recovers a portion of the dissolved methane in the membrane-filtered water (W2); and a third treatment device (40) disposed on the downstream side of the second treatment device (30) and performing post-treatment.

This invention provides an algae cultivation system that can promote algal growth by utilizing carbon dioxide contained in biogas generated in a methane fermentation tank, while also reducing water consumption. [Solution] An algae cultivation system comprising: a methane fermentation tank configured to produce biogas containing methane and carbon dioxide by methane fermentation of biomass; a carbon dioxide absorption tower configured to produce carbonated water by dissolving the carbon dioxide contained in the biogas produced in the methane fermentation tank in water; an algae cultivation tank for culturing algae; a culture solution supply line configured to supply a culture solution containing carbonated water produced in the carbon dioxide absorption tower to the algae cultivation tank; a first solid-liquid separation device configured to separate algae and water discharged from the algae cultivation tank; and a water return line configured to supply water discharged from the first solid-liquid separation device to the carbon dioxide absorption tower.

To efficiently produce biogas in a methane fermentation tank by maintaining organic waste at a desired temperature for a desired time while suppressing an increase in the size and cost of equipment.SOLUTION: The method includes a step of at least partially heating the C1 and C2 of the organic wastes, and a step of supplying the C1 and C2 of the organic wastes including those heated in the step to a methane fermentation tank 33. The heating unit 31 heats the C2 of organic wastes and supplies the heated C2 to the constant temperature tank 32, the constant temperature tank 32 retains the C2 of organic wastes while maintaining the temperature of the C2 of organic wastes, and the constant temperature tank 32 returns at least a part of the soil of organic wastes to the heating unit 31.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

This invention provides a methane fermentation residue dewatering system that can process methane fermentation residue without increasing the size of the equipment configuration beyond the storage tank, even when the properties of the fermentation liquid fluctuate significantly, leading to unstable water quality of the fermentation residue dewatered filtrate and unstable operation of the fermentation residue dewatering system. [Solution] The methane fermentation residue dewatering system A1 comprises a first solid-liquid separation unit 16 that separates the fermentation liquid containing fermentation residue discharged from a dry methane fermentation tank 14 into a first residue mainly consisting of solids and a first filtrate mainly consisting of liquids; a storage tank 18 that stores the first filtrate separated by the first solid-liquid separation unit 16; a circulating storage tank liquid solid-liquid separation unit 20 that separates the storage tank liquid a discharged from the storage tank 18 into a second residue mainly consisting of solids and a second filtrate mainly consisting of liquids; and a third solid-liquid separation unit 22 that separates the storage tank liquid b discharged from the storage tank 18 into a third residue mainly consisting of solids and a third filtrate mainly consisting of liquids.

This system contributes to carbon neutrality and provides an energy generation system that efficiently creates novel energy materials for power generation that do not require sunlight. [Solution] The energy generation system comprises an organic matter generation device 1 that produces organic matter from chemosynthetic bacteria, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide, and a methane fermentation device 2 that ferments the organic matter recovered from the organic matter generation device 1.

An organic waste treatment method according to the present disclosure is an organic waste treatment method of performing methane fermentation of a mixture of poultry manure and food waste, in which the mixture contains the food waste at a ratio of 5% or more. With the organic waste treatment method, it is possible to stably perform the methane fermentation of the organic waste at low cost.

A system and method for fixing carbon dioxide by fermentation are provided. More specifically, the disclosure includes the steps of producing methane by fermenting carbon dioxide with methanogenic archaea and producing a single-cell protein supplement. The disclosure further provides integration of methane-producing fermentation with additional methods to achieve improved carbon efficiency.

Systems and methods for immobilizing carbon dioxide by fermentation are provided. More specifically, the present disclosure includes fermenting carbon dioxide to methane by methanogenic archaea and producing a single cell protein nutritional supplement. The present disclosure also provides integration of methanogenic fermentation with other methods to achieve improved carbon efficiency.

Nutrients are supplied to methanogenic bacteria supported on a carrier using a simple configuration. [Solution] The methane production apparatus 10 comprises a methane fermentation tank 12 having a methane fermentation liquid containing organic matter and methane-producing bacteria; a gas holder 14 provided above the methane fermentation tank 12, which stores the biogas produced in the methane fermentation tank 12 and has a top plate 14B and an arm 40 that moves up and down according to the amount of biogas stored; a methanation unit 20 attached to the arm 40, which moves between above and below the liquid surface S of the methane fermentation liquid in conjunction with the up and down movement of the top plate 14B and the arm 40 and has a carrier that supports methane-producing bacteria; and a hydrogen supply unit 16 that supplies hydrogen to the methane fermentation tank 12.

The present application relates to a kind of magnetic field driven magnetic biochar promotes the method for anaerobic digestion of municipal sludge, belong to sludge resource technology field.The present application is in anaerobic reactor with municipal sludge as substrate, magnetic biochar is added, while electric field is applied around anaerobic reactor to carry out anaerobic digestion methane production.By changing the applied voltage of electric field and other conditions, magnetic biochar is mixed uniformly in the reactor without precipitation.This can more effectively play the role of magnetic biochar conductivity, promote municipal sludge methane production fermentation.The method of the present application can not only reduce the great harm caused by municipal sludge, but also turn waste into treasure, carry out resource rational utilization, and has significant practical significance.

The invention discloses a dry-method biogas fermentation device and a fermentation process thereof, and relates to the field of fermentation, the dry-method biogas fermentation device comprises a second-stage fermentation part, a second-stage fermentation part and a third-stage fermentation part, the second-stage fermentation part comprises a second-stage fermentation tank and a stirring part B for stirring materials in the tank; the third-stage fermentation part is arranged on one side of the second-stage fermentation part, and the third-stage fermentation part comprises a third-stage fermentation tank and a stirring part C for stirring materials in the tank; according to the dry-method biogas fermentation device and the fermentation process thereof, uniform contact and temperature distribution of materials are ensured through cooperation of the second-stage fermentation tank and the third-stage fermentation tank and the stirring device, microbial activity is promoted to improve the fermentation efficiency, a continuous fermentation process is achieved through pumping, and energy recovery is achieved through the biogas collecting and conveying system; and through the screw pump, the materials can be conveniently output for subsequent treatment, so that the fermentation stability, the energy utilization rate and the recycling degree are improved.

Systems and methods for immobilizing carbon dioxide by fermentation are provided. More specifically, the present disclosure includes fermenting carbon dioxide to methane by methanogenic archaea. The present disclosure also provides integration of methanogenic fermentation with other methods to achieve improved carbon efficiency.

To simply perform a maintenance work such as exchange of conductive substances without opening a methane fermentation tank while preventing deterioration in an effective volume in a methane fermentation tank.SOLUTION: A device includes a methane fermentation tank 2 for methane fermentation treatment of an organic waste A, a contact part 3 provided outside of the methane fermentation tank 2 and provided with a conductive substance D, and a methane fermentation liquid feed section 4 for feeding a methane fermentation liquid B in the methane fermentation tank 2 to the contact part 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

A methane fermentation method for producing methane-containing biogas by introducing organic waste into a methane fermentation system, the methane fermentation method being characterized in that a methane fermentation accelerator is used in combination with the organic waste, the methane fermentation accelerator contains glycerol, and the content of an n-hexane extract is 10,000 mg / kg or less. According to the present invention, provided are: a methane fermentation method capable of efficiently producing methane-containing biogas from organic waste while using glycerol; and a method for producing a methane fermentation promoter capable of promoting methane fermentation.

The present invention provides a method and system for processing used disposable diapers that allows for the effective utilization of wastewater after disassembling and processing used disposable diapers and recovering recyclable resources, while also enabling the easy generation of solid raw materials from the wastewater. [Solution] The present invention provides a method for processing used disposable diapers, comprising: a separation step 2; a sorting step 4; a first pulp recovery step 7 for recovering pulp 6 from a first wastewater 5; a methane fermentation raw material recovery step 8 for recovering the first wastewater 5 for use as a raw material for methane fermentation; a dewatering step 10; a drying step 11; a solid raw material manufacturing step 12 for producing solid raw materials from solid components; and a liquid fertilizer manufacturing step 15 for producing liquid fertilizer 13, wherein the liquid fertilizer manufacturing step 15 mixes a fourth wastewater 14 with liquid components separated from a second wastewater 9 to produce liquid fertilizer 13, and the first wastewater 5, which has been processed to decompose used disposable diapers 6, is returned to the separator 1 and repeatedly used as part of the processing liquid before the pulp 6 is recovered in the first pulp recovery step 7.

Disclosed is a methane fermentation tank which comprises: an outer cylinder, the upper and lower end parts of which are closed; and at least one inner cylinder, the upper end part of which is closed and the lower end part of which is opened. The methane fermentation tank also comprises: a lower communication passage which brings the internal space of the outer cylinder and the internal space of the inner cylinder into communication with each other at lower parts, thereby making it possible for fermentation sludge to flow between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; a liquid level difference forming mechanism which forms a liquid level difference between the liquid level of the fermentation sludge stored in the outer cylinder and the liquid level of the fermentation sludge stored in the inner cylinder by supplying a biogas to the outer cylinder or the inner cylinder from the outside; and an upper communication passage which brings gas phase spaces that are formed in the upper parts of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder into communication with each other, and which is capable of switching the communication state between an open state and a closed state. The horizontal cross-sectional area of the inner cylinder is set in the range of 0.3-0.7 times the horizontal cross-sectional area of the outer cylinder.