Novel sufficient metal air battery oxygen electrode and preparation method thereof

A metal-air battery, oxygen electrode technology, applied in battery electrodes, fuel cell parts, circuits, etc., can solve the problems of not finding the electrochemical performance of lithium-air batteries, difficult LiOH aqueous solution to convert metal lithium, precipitation and material corrosion, etc. , to achieve the effect of strong resistance to metal oxide deposition, sufficient gas-liquid-solid three-phase contact, and high catalytic reaction efficiency

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-06-20
SICHUAN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, when the rechargeable lithium-air battery is discharged, the metal ions and oxygen ions generate Li2Ox products with fine particle size on the surface of the catalyst, because these oxides have poor conductivity. , it is difficult to decompose and precipitate oxygen at the oxygen electrode during charging, and there are still the following main problems: lithium oxidation products are deposited on the surface of the catalyst so that oxygen cannot be close to lithium ions, resulting in termination of electrode reaction, large electrode polarization, and oxygen during discharge. The kinetic speed of the reduction reaction and the oxygen evolution reaction during charging is low, the diffusion and transportation of oxygen and Li+ are difficult, the charge and discharge overvoltage and voltage hysteresis (the charging voltage is more than 4V, and the discharge voltage is more than 2.7 V) Serious, low electro-oxidation efficiency during charging, poor cycle stability
Although the use of an aqueous electrolyte on the air side can solve the problem of lithium oxide adhesion[J. Power Sourceses, 2010,195, 358], the reaction of lithium oxide with water to form lithium hydroxide aqueous solution not only exists When the concentration of the solution is high or when it is still, the product will precipitate and cause serious corrosion of the material, and it is difficult for the LiOH aqueous solution to be converted into metal lithium when the lithium-air battery is charged.
At present, there is no research report on improving the electrochemical performance of lithium-air batteries based on the structural design of oxygen electrodes.

Method used

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  • Novel sufficient metal air battery oxygen electrode and preparation method thereof
  • Novel sufficient metal air battery oxygen electrode and preparation method thereof
  • Novel sufficient metal air battery oxygen electrode and preparation method thereof

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0036] The 50-200 μm thick acid-etched hollow tunnel hole aluminum treated with polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is used as a gas microchannel (the contact angle to water is greater than 150o, the porosity is greater than 70%, and the pore diameter is 500-1000 nm), the above combination 1 ~ 3 mm thick stainless steel mesh is the gas distribution plate, the two are stacked and placed obliquely at the bottom of the electrode, the inclination angle to the horizontal direction is 30 ~ 50o, and the 0.5 ~ 1.5 mm thick copper mesh is placed on the gas distribution plate as the electrode collector, aluminum The hollow tunnel hole is connected with the mesh of stainless steel mesh and copper mesh to ensure the smooth flow of gas, forming the gas path outside the cathode reaction chamber; using anodized aluminum as the template and natural gas as the carbon source, the pipe diameter is 50 ~ 100 nm prepared by chemical vapor deposition 1. The carbon nanotube array with a tube length of 20...

Embodiment 2

[0039] The 500-1000 μm thick molecular sieve treated with polypropylene emulsion is used as a gas microchannel (the contact angle to water is greater than 120o, the porosity is greater than 60%, and the pore diameter is 100-500 nm), and the 2-5 mm thick platinum mesh combined on it is the gas microchannel. The distribution plate and the electrode current collector are stacked and placed at the bottom of the electrode obliquely, with an inclination angle of 10 to 20o to the horizontal direction. The molecular sieve holes communicate with the meshes of the platinum mesh to ensure the smooth flow of the gas, forming the gas path outside the cathode reaction chamber; Etched the tunnel aluminum hole as a template, and prepared a poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene PEDT array with a tube diameter of 500-1500 nm and a tube length of 50-100 μm by the hypergravity-assisted polymerization method, and assembled the array on the above-mentioned platinum On the net, the hollow tube is aligned w...

Embodiment 3

[0042] Using TiO with surface hydrophobic treatment 2 The array tube is a gas microchannel (the contact angle to water is greater than 90o, the porosity is greater than 90%, and the pore diameter is 50-200 nm), and the 2-5 mm thick titanium mesh is combined on it as a gas distribution plate and an electrode collector. Put it on the bottom of the electrode and place it obliquely, the inclination angle to the horizontal direction is 40 ~ 60o, TiO 2 The array tubes communicate with the meshes of the titanium mesh to ensure the unimpeded flow of gas and constitute the gas path outside the cathode reaction chamber; ZnO arrays with a tube diameter of 100-500 nm and a tube length of 20-50 μm were prepared by self-assembly method, and the array was assembled on the above-mentioned titanium On the net, the hollow tube is aligned with the mesh to ensure that the gas can diffuse smoothly in the tube to form the gas path in the cathode reaction chamber; the hierarchical structure pore car...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a novel sufficient metal air battery oxygen electrode and a preparation method thereof, belongs to a high performance chemical electric power source and the relative field. The oxygen electrode and the preparation method can be used for solving technical problems of eliminating the phenomenon that a reaction is stopped caused by an oxidative product deposits on a gas path when metal is discharged, the reaction efficiency and loop stability of the oxygen electrode of a chargeable metal air battery are effectively improved, a three-phase reaction interface is reduced, and poison of moisture in the air to an electrode reaction and corrosion to an electrode are reduced. In the technical scheme provided by the invention, a gas micro channel is adopted to reduce moisture in the air, a gas distribution plate is used for improving airflow direction and a gas distribution state, a hole carbon material and an array materials combine to form a high efficiency three dimensional electrode, and a cathode reaction chamber is separated from a metal anode through a diaphragm. The oxygen electrode provided by the invention has the advantages of high catalytic reaction efficiency, good loop stability, short diffusion distance of gas and metallic ions, full air liquid solid three-phase contact; and unblocked gas path, reasonable gas distribution, strong metal oxide deposition resistance, good mass transferring and diffusion process effect, strong operability, and is suitable for a high energy density power supply occasions in a long term repeatedly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention discloses a novel high-energy-density rechargeable metal-air battery oxygen electrode and a preparation method thereof, relates to a three-dimensional structure electrode constructed of arrayed gas microchannels and porous carbon materials, and belongs to high-performance chemical power sources and related fields. [0002] Background technique [0003] Metal-air batteries are a type of high-efficiency fuel cells that use metal as the anode and oxygen in the air as the cathode. Oxygen is not stored inside the battery and has a high energy density. Currently, lithium-air batteries, aluminum-air batteries, and zinc-air batteries are the main representatives. . Among them, according to reaction, the open circuit voltage of the lithium-air battery with lithium as the anode is 2.91V, the theoretical energy density reaches 5.21 kWh / kg (with oxygen) or 11.14 kWh / kg (without oxygen), and the performance can be compared with that of gasoline (12...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/86H01M8/02H01M4/88H01M8/0202
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 王贵欣闫康平赵强关鹏
Owner SICHUAN UNIV
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