Method for graded modification of thickened oil

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for graded modification of thickened oil, which comprises the following steps: heating and pressurizing a mixed solution of the thickened oil and water, carrying out pyrolytic reaction on the thickened oil in a near-critical water reactor, and breaking easily-broken carbon-sulfur bonds in macromolecules of the thickened oil and carbon-carbon bonds on aromatic ring branched chains to generate small molecules; heavy component oil which is difficult to react in the near-critical water is separated out through cyclone separation and conveyed to a supercritical water reactor, and the heavy component oil is subjected to pyrolytic reaction under the action of the supercritical water, a hydrogen donor and a catalyst; super-heavy component oil which is difficult to react in the supercritical water is separated out by cyclone and is subjected to pyrolytic reaction with the ultra-supercritical water, and a gas phase flow obtained by the three-stage pyrolytic reaction is separated for multiple times to obtain cracked gas and modified oil. According to the method, the thickened oil and the super-thickened oil can be converted to the maximum extent, more light oil products are generated, the viscosity is remarkably reduced, the pipeline conveying and shipping requirements can be met, meanwhile, part of impurities such as nickel and vanadium in the thickened oil are removed, and the toxic action on a catalyst in the oil refining processing link is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heavy oil upgrading, in particular to a treatment method for graded upgrading heavy oil by utilizing near-critical water, supercritical water and ultra-supercritical water. Background technique [0002] In the global oil resources, more than 70% of the geological reserves are heavy oil resources. With the continuous decline of the recoverable reserves of light crude oil, heavy oil resources are gradually becoming more important to the world's energy security. For countries with rich heavy oil resources such as Venezuela and Canada, the development of heavy oil resources exploitation, processing and transportation technology is highly valued. my country's Xinjiang Oilfield, Liaohe Oilfield and Bohai Oilfield also have a large number of heavy oil resources that have not been exploited on a large scale. The current exploitation cost is high, the exploitation is difficult, and the processing process has probl...

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Problems solved by technology

This patent prevents pipeline clogging by using drainage containing water and initial hydrocarbons, but only prevents possible clogging before the normal operation of the device, and does not solve the problem of pipeline or reactor clogging caused by the formation of coke particles in supercritical reforming

[0008] It can be seen that with regard to supercritical water pyrolysis technology for upgrading heavy oil, there is no technology that utilizes the different pyrolysis effects of near-critical water, supercritical water and ultra-supercritical water to classify heavy oil. The residence time of each level of reaction is controlled, and the amount of coke is controlled

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