Ion removal from water using activated carbon electrodes

A technology of activated carbon and deionization, which is applied in the direction of ion exchange, ion exchange regeneration, ion exchange treatment devices, etc., and can solve the problems of long-term durability and unreliability

Inactive Publication Date: 2002-09-25
CORNING INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

These forms of long-term dur

Method used

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  • Ion removal from water using activated carbon electrodes
  • Ion removal from water using activated carbon electrodes
  • Ion removal from water using activated carbon electrodes

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0079] A mixture of 55.6% phenolic resin, 22.2% cellulose fibers, 14.7% cordierite powder, methylcellulose, 0.9% sodium stearate, and 2% phosphoric acid was extruded to produce 600 units / square inch of carbon honeycomb body. The honeycomb was then cured at about 150°C, carbonized and activated at about 900°C (under nitrogen and carbon dioxide, respectively). The honeycomb was then cut to a size of 55 x 20 x 4.8 mm. A copper wire is inserted into a cell of the honeycomb and its ends are welded to the honeycomb to mechanically connect the copper wire to the honeycomb. This honeycomb was connected to another identical honeycomb using polypropylene monofilaments about 1 mm thick. The monofilaments are wound around the connected ends of the two honeycombs so that the honeycombs are joined but the two electrodes remain separated. The assembly was placed in water containing about 900 ppm sodium chloride. A potential difference of about 1.2 volts was then applied across the electr...

Embodiment 2

[0081] Mix and grind the phenolic resin with various fillers given in Example 1 (such as cellulose fiber, ceramic particle filler, phosphoric acid and methylcellulose) to prepare an activated carbon honeycomb body. The mixture was extruded through a 400 units per square inch die, dried at 80-90°C, and cured at about 150°C in circulating air. The cured honeycomb was then carbonized at about 900°C in nitrogen and activated in carbon dioxide to obtain activated carbons with different surface areas. The surface area of ​​activated carbon is controlled by controlling the activation temperature between 1-12 hours. The longer the time at this temperature, the higher the resulting surface area. During carbonization, the honeycomb shrinks and the cell density increases to about 600 cells / in2. The honeycomb body is then cut to a suitable thickness to produce electrodes.

[0082] The two electrodes were placed in a plastic container serving as a housing, and the size of the container ...

Embodiment 3

[0085] To understand the effect of carbon structure on performance, electrodes were processed under different activation times and temperatures to obtain electrodes with surface areas ranging from approximately 500 m2 / g to 1769 m2 / g (based on carbon weight). The sodium chloride solution was then passed through these electrodes as described above. Figure 8 Data normalized to carbon in the counter electrode is shown. As shown, the removal rate and capacity increase with increasing surface area, and after a certain point, the removal rate and capacity decrease. The Y-axis of the graph is the removal of sodium chloride normalized to the grams of carbon in the electrode. The reasons for the unexpectedly lower performance at higher surface areas are explained below. Figure 9The effect of salt concentration on removal performance is shown for the removal of sodium chloride using an electrode with a surface area of ​​1039 square meters. These results were again normalized to the ...

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Abstract

An electrode (10) for the deionization of water made with a continuous activated carbon structure. The activated carbon is derived from a synthetic carbon precursor. The structure has an opening, an inlet end (17) and an outlet end (16), allowing water to enter the inlet end, flow through the opening (12), and exit the outlet end (16); at least part of the outer surface of the structure has a conductive coating (17), the metal wire (19) is connected to the structure (10). The deionization system is composed of some electrodes (10) connected in series, and the outlet end of one electrode (10) is adjacent to the inlet end of the most adjacent downstream electrode (10). The metal wires (19) of each electrode are connected to a power source. A method of removing ions from water comprising removing air from a system, passing an electric current through the device, and then passing a stream of ion-laden water through the system to remove ions.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the removal of ions from water using electrodes made from activated carbon derived from carbon precursors. The electrode is preferably in the form of a honeycomb body. Background of the invention [0002] Deionized water is required in many industrial applications such as desalination, industrial waste purification, and electronics industry processes. Deionization is usually achieved with ion exchange resins followed by reverse osmosis. Ion exchange resins are expensive and can cause problems such as bacterial growth on the resin. If cation exchange resins are used, sodium ions may be introduced into the water, which is undesirable. Anion exchange resins can be corrosive to water pipes and fittings, increase copper, iron or lead levels in the water, and shorten the life of the fittings. The reverse osmosis process is energy-intensive, requiring high water pressure to move water through clog...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C02F1/46C02F1/461C02F1/469
CPCC02F1/46109C02F1/4691C02F2001/46138C02F2001/46157C02F2201/4611
Inventor K·P·加德卡埃J·F·马赫J·L·斯坦皮
Owner CORNING INC
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