Preparation method of nano catalyst for low-temp. fuel cell

A nano-catalyst and fuel cell technology, which is applied to fuel cell parts, battery electrodes, circuits, etc., can solve the problems of long preparation time, inability to form alloys, and the equalization of various components, and achieve increased preparation time and uniform distribution Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2003-02-05
SUN YAT SEN UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

As a result, the specific surface area is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the electrochemical activity of the catalyst
Another shortcoming of these methods is that the preparation time is very long. For example, the method disclosed in patent CN1330424A requires 8-30 hours for chemical reduction at 80° C. day time
Another problem with these methods is that when preparing multi-component catalyst systems, it is easy to cause phase separation of multiple components
Because the precu

Method used

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  • Preparation method of nano catalyst for low-temp. fuel cell
  • Preparation method of nano catalyst for low-temp. fuel cell
  • Preparation method of nano catalyst for low-temp. fuel cell

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0020] Get 0.5g carbon black (Vulcan XC-72, the U.S. Cabot Company produces) and place in 100ml reactor, add 4ml acetone solution, ultrasonically stir for 5 minutes, drop into platinum content and be the chloroplatinic acid solution 11.1ml of 30mg / ml, then Ultrasonic homogenization until the sample becomes a paste, the beaker containing the sample is transferred to a large glass container with a volume of 250ml using carbon black as a microwave sensitive material, and the above reactor is placed in a modified household microwave oven (frequency is 2.45GHz, The output power is 850W). The intermittent microwave heating program is used to first induce the conversion of chloroplatinic acid into a water-insoluble intermediate product, and the heating program is controlled as microwave heating for 15 seconds--stop for 40 seconds--heat for 10 seconds--stop for 60 seconds--heat for 10 seconds--stop 75 seconds-heating for 10 seconds-stop for 120 seconds. The reactor was removed, coole...

Embodiment 2

[0022] Get 0.5g of carbon black (Vulcan XC-72, produced by U.S. Cabot Company) and place it in a 100ml reactor, add 4ml of acetone solution, stir ultrasonically for 5 minutes, drip 25ml of chloroplatinic acid solution with a platinum content of 30mg / ml, and then ultrasonically Mix until the sample becomes a paste, add excess formic acid solution dropwise under ultrasonic stirring, and adjust the pH value to 9 with ammonia water. Then the beaker containing the pasty sample was transferred to a large glass container with a volume of 250ml using carbon black as a microwave sensitive material, and the above reactor was placed in a modified household microwave oven (frequency 2.45GHz, output power 850W). The intermittent microwave heating program is used to first induce the reduction of chloroplatinic acid to metal platinum, and the heating program is controlled as microwave heating for 15 seconds-stop for 40 seconds-heat for 10 seconds-stop for 60 seconds-heat for 10 seconds-stop f...

Embodiment 3

[0024] Take 0.5g of carbon black, add 4ml of acetone / water solution (acetone, water volume ratio: 1:5) and add dropwise 4.2ml of chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution with a platinum content of 30mg / ml and 12.5ml of a tungsten content of 10mg / m1 under ultrasonic stirring WO 3 Aqueous solution (prepared by reacting tungsten powder with excess hydrogen peroxide) to form a mixed solution. The operation method of microwave solidification and microwave-assisted reduction is the same as that of Example 1. PtWO with a loading of 40% and a platinum-tungsten atomic ratio of 1:1 3 / C Catalyst. XRD results show that tungsten trioxide exists in an amorphous state, and the particles of platinum are smaller than 4nm.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the method for fast preparing the nano catalyst used for the fuel cell and the sensor. The active constituent (monocomponent or polycomponent) is deioxidized or oxidized uniformly (no phase splitting) only one time, adhered to the surface of the carrier by using the microwave adjust and control technique. The chemical reactions are induced and controlled by the microwave. The drying procedure and unartificial smashing procedure are completed at the same time. The invention possesses the features of the small granule of the catalyst, even distributed, high electrochemical activity. The catalyst with the capacity of the active matter more than 40% can be prepared once by the single kettle.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a rapid preparation method of nanometer catalysts used in fuel cells and sensors. Background technique [0002] Catalysts for low-temperature fuel cells are generally supported nanomaterials, that is, catalysts with a particle size of several nanometers to tens of nanometers are supported on the surface of a conductive substrate. For example, Pt / C catalysts are platinum nanoparticles supported on the surface of activated carbon. Low-temperature fuel cells refer to fuel cells with a general operating temperature below 200°C, including proton exchange membrane fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, and direct methanol fuel cells. These fuel cells basically use the same type of nano-catalyst. Catalyst is the key material of fuel cell, and it is also a kind of material that accounts for a relatively high cost of fuel cell. Dispersing the catalyst into nanoparticles can not only make full use of the...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/88H01M4/92
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 沈培康田植群谢方艳
Owner SUN YAT SEN UNIV
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