Electrolyte media for the deposition of tin alloys and methods for depositing tin alloys

A tin alloy and alloy technology, applied in the field of tin alloy deposition, can solve the problems of difficulty in maintaining tin concentration, impossible to directly dissolve tin anode, unstable stannous ions, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2004-08-25
MACDERMID INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Baths based on pyrophosphate have the disadvantage that the stannous ion is unstable and rapidly oxidizes to tetravalent tin in alkaline media, rendering the bath useless
It is very difficult to maintain the tin concentration in these baths because the accumulation of stannite ions in the baths leads to spongy deposits, making it impossible to directly dissolve tin anodes in tetravalent tin baths

Method used

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  • Electrolyte media for the deposition of tin alloys and methods for depositing tin alloys
  • Electrolyte media for the deposition of tin alloys and methods for depositing tin alloys
  • Electrolyte media for the deposition of tin alloys and methods for depositing tin alloys

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0048] Make a bath medium of the following formula:

[0049] Sodium Gluconate 150g / l

[0050] Boric acid 100g / l

[0051] Anhydrous stannous sulfate 30g / l

[0052] Cobalt sulfate hexahydrate 100g / l

[0053] Lugalvan BNO24* 1g / l

[0054] Empicol ESB3 Anionic Surfactant** 1g / l

[0055] The bath was heated to 50°C and a Hull cell test was performed at 1 amp for 10 minutes using agitation by means of a mechanical stirrer. The resulting deposit is smooth and uniform. at corresponding to 4A / dm 2 At the on-board position of the primary current density of , a tin-cobalt alloy with a composition of about 16% cobalt with a balance of tin is obtained. This example demonstrates the significant reduction in cobalt content (compared to intermetallic composition) that can be achieved using the electrolyte medium of the present invention. However, still further reductions in the cobalt content are desired.

[0056] *Lugalvan BNO24 is an ethoxylated β-naphthol belonging to the class of...

Embodiment 2

[0059] Make a bath medium of the following formula:

[0060] Sodium Gluconate 150g / l

[0061] Boric acid 100g / l

[0062] Anhydrous stannous sulfate 30g / l

[0063] Nickel sulfate hexahydrate 75g / l

[0064] Cobalt sulfate hexahydrate 7g / l

[0065] Lugalvan BNO24 1g / l

[0066] Empicol ESB3 1g / l

[0067] The Hull cell test was carried out as in Example 1 at a temperature of 20°C. The resulting deposit is smooth and uniform. at corresponding to 4A / dm 2 A tin-nickel-cobalt alloy having a composition of about 8-10% nickel and 1-2% cobalt with a balance of tin is obtained at the on-board position of the primary current density. This example demonstrates that a ternary tin-cobalt-nickel alloy can be produced using this electrolyte medium, resulting in an alloy with effective amounts of nickel and cobalt.

Embodiment 3

[0069] The Hull cell test was carried out in a bath of composition according to Example 1, but substituting nickel sulfate hexahydrate for cobalt sulfate hexahydrate, and using the same conditions as in Example 1. A tin-nickel alloy having a composition of about 14% nickel with a balance of tin is obtained.

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Abstract

An electroplating bath medium for electroplating articles with a tin-cobalt, tin-nickel, or tin-cobalt-nickel alloy comprises: at least one tin salt; an alloying metal salt comprising a cobalt salt and / or a nickel salt; a complexant comprising a hydroxycarboxylic acid or alkali metal salt thereof such as a sodium or potassium gluconate or heptonate complexant; boric acid; and a bath soluble substituted phenolic compound. The current regime applied to the plating bath can include time intervals of direct current and of pulsed current in order to selectively control the deposition of tin by activation or diffusion control.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the deposition of tin alloys, particularly tin-cobalt, tin-nickel and tin-nickel-cobalt alloys, and to electrolyte media used in the deposition of such alloys. The invention relates in particular to the use of this alloy as bearing overlay. Background technique [0002] The "End of Life" motor vehicle regulations in Europe 2003 aim to increase the "recyclability" of motor vehicles by removing toxic substances such as hexavalent chromium and lead. A common application of lead in the automotive sector is in bearing overlays. Overlays are usually soft alloys deposited over harder bearing alloys to create a compatible and conformable surface with mating shafts, and also provide a means of embedding debris particles to prevent damage to the shaft . More than 300,000,000 bearing shells are currently plated annually. The most commonly used bearing overlay material is a lead-tin-copper alloy containing at least 90% lead. I...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25D3/60C25D5/18C25D7/10F16C33/14
CPCC25D3/60F16C33/14C25D7/10C25D5/18F16C2223/70C25D5/617C25D5/611
Inventor 罗德里克·丹尼斯·海德曼特沃·皮尔逊
Owner MACDERMID INC
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