Uses of white corn hybrids

Abstract

The present invention provides hybrid white corn that produces grain with novel compositional characteristics, such as, higher endosperm protein concentration and low levels of carotenoids. The compositional changes facilitate the use of an improved process for wet milling of white corn and improve the characteristics and performance of the products derived therefrom. A high protein, nearly carotene-free corn gluten meal and substantially pure starch are extracted from this white corn having a unique genotype, a unique kernel phenotype and advantage in the wet milling process is disclosed.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE [0001] This application is related to U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60 / 279,145 filed Mar. 27, 2001 and U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60 / 356,758 filed Feb. 15, 2002.FIELD OF INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates to the general fields of genetics, plant physiology, grain composition, and specifically to the novel use of white corn hybrids in the wet milling process. This application further relates to novel white corn hybrids providing enhanced compositional characteristics, increased yields of critical components useful for novel end-product uses, and potential for reducing processing waste by-products in the wet milling process. The novel white corn products provide enhanced characteristics for feed applications, especially aqua culture. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] Corn (Zea mays L.) has a monoecious flowering habit. The male and female flowers are separate but develop on the same plant. The staminate (male) flowers are borne in the ta...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The novel white corn hybrids enable higher yields of starch and gluten with improved protein content and reduced waste, achieving superior processing efficiency and product quality without the need for chemical modification, thus enhancing the wet milling process.

Problems solved by technology

Therefore, selection progress is slow.

Grain yield improvement by mass selection is more difficult because random pollination involves both good and poor yielding plants.

Also, the effects of genotype and environment cannot be separated using mass selection techniques.

Inbred lines are generally not vigorous, and yields are low.

Application of the gametocide, timing of the application and genotype specificity often limit the usefulness of the approach.

Plant breeding and hybrid development are expensive and time-consuming processes.

Much of the hybrid vigor exhibited by F1 hybrids is lost in the next generation (F2), and consequently, seed from hybrids is not generally used for planting stock.

This inadvertently self-pollinated seed may be unintentionally harvested and packaged with hybrid seed.

In known processes for separating protein from starch, either steeping destroys the usefulness of protein and starch or the protein is ineffectively recovered.

Traditionally, white corn varieties are known for their inefficiency or inability to be wet milled.

The objective of the dry milling process is to remove the bran coat and germ from the corn kernel while keeping the endosperm portion largely intact, a process which, traditionally, has not or has not efficiently been accomplished using a wet milling process.

Improper drying and handling of corn causes fissuring and breakage, which causes overcooking.

Thus, some kernels are overcooked and may dissolve during handling, which increases dry matter losses, and produces masa with poor properties.

The attrition of the stone disrupts the swollen starch granules and hydrated protein and causes dough formation.

Overcooked corn often forms masa with a sticky consistency because too much glue is formed.

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