Nanoporous polymer electrolyte

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-09-20
TDA RES
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0014] The present polymerizable surfactants may be used to form a polymer electrolyte that includes nanostructures such as nanopores. Preferred nanostructures provide closely spaced lithium binding sites. The close proximity of the binding sites provides

Problems solved by technology

Solvent-based batteries often contain flammable liquid and are potentially unsafe.
Additionally, solvents tend to participate in undesired reactions at the battery electrodes and can leak out of the casing.
These electrolytes are not stab

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Preparation of Lithium Sulfanilate Salt Monomer

[0081] This example details the preparation of a polymerizable surfactant containing a lithium salt headgroup, which may be used to make polymer lithium electrolytes.

Preparation of Acid Chloride Precursor

[0082] First, an acid chloride is prepared as depicted in step 1 of FIG. 1. All glassware was heated in an oven at 110° C. for 2 hours, and all anhydrous solvents were further dried with molecular sieves and purged with argon for 10 min, prior to the synthesis. First, 3,4,5-tris(11′-acryloyloxyundecyloxy)benzoic acid (1.09 g, 1.3 mmol) and a trace amount of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol stabilizer were dissolved in anhydrous CH2Cl2 (25 mL) in a 50 mL Schlenk flask under an argon atmosphere. Thionyl chloride (0.57 mL, 7.8 mmol) was then injected by syringe directly into the solution with constant stirring. The flask was covered with aluminum foil, and the mixture was continually stirred for an overnight.

[0083] The solvent and the ...

example 2

Preparation of a Sodium Sulfanilate Headgroup Polymerizable Surfactant

[0087] This sodium sulfanilate surfactant is a variation of the lithium polymerizable surfactant in Example 1. The XRD spectrum of this sulfanilic acid polymerizable surfactant was used to help identify the phase structure for the material in Example 1.

[0088] The acid chloride precursor was identical to the compound described in step 1 of Example 1. To prepare the sodium sulfanilate salt monomer, the prepared acid chloride oil was dissolved in THF (100 mL, Aldrich 178810) (see FIG. 10). Potassium carbonate (1.08g, 7.8 mmol) was then added to the solution to neutralize any inorganic acidic products from previous step. The mixture was stirred for 10 minutes. Next, sulfanilate sodium salt (1.52 g, 7.8 mmol, Aldrich 251283) was added, and the mixture was heated to reflux (65° C., in air) overnight. The insoluble solid (excess potassium carbonate and sulfanilate sodium salt) was then filtered and discarded. The clear...

example 3

Preparation of the Sulfanilic Acid Liquid Crystal Monomer

[0090] The liquid crystal monomer may be synthesized by running the sodium polymerizable surfactant of Example 2 through an ion-exchanger resin. The sodium sulfanilate surfactant was synthesized by following steps 1 and 2 in Example 2.

[0091] The acidic ion-exchange column was prepared from AG 50W-X8 Resin (100 g, Bio-Rad, 143-5451) in THF. The resin was first stirred in a solution of HCl (200 mL, 6M) for 3 h. The first HCl solution was then removed, and the resin was continually stirred in a second solution of HCl (200 mL, 6M) for 3 h. The second HCl solution was then removed, and the resin was finally stirred in a third solution of HCl (200 mL, 6M) for 12 h. The slurry gel was then packed in a column (3 cm diameter), washed with excess water to remove HCl, and then washed with THF (150 mL) to completely remove water from the column. Next, the sodium salt solution in THF was passed through the acidic ion-exchange resin. The ...

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Abstract

A nanoporous polymer electrolyte and methods for making the polymer electrolyte are disclosed. The polymer electrolyte comprises a crosslinked self-assembly of a polymerizable salt surfactant, wherein the crosslinked self-assembly includes nanopores and wherein the crosslinked self-assembly has a conductivity of at least 1.0×10−6 S/cm at 25° C. The method of making a polymer electrolyte comprises providing a polymerizable salt surfactant. The method further comprises crosslinking the polymerizable salt surfactant to form a nanoporous polymer electrolyte.

Description

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT [0001] This invention was made, at least in part, with funding from the Department of Energy Contract No. DE-FG02-04ER84093. Accordingly, the U.S. government may have certain rights in the invention.CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0002] Not applicable. BACKGROUND [0003] 1. Field of the Invention [0004] This invention relates generally to the field of polymer electrolytes. More specifically, the invention relates to the use of polymerizable salt surfactants as a nanoporous polymer electrolyte. [0005] 2. Background of the Invention [0006] Many portable electronic devices as well as electric, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles require high performance rechargeable batteries. Presently, lithium batteries are the battery of choice due to its high energy density and power. The key to market success for electric vehicles is the energy storage device, which limits driving distance and acceleration. Rechargeable lithium batt...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/40H01M10/0565H01M50/403H01M50/414H01M50/497
CPCH01M2/145H01M2/162H01M2/1653H01M8/1023Y02E60/521H01M8/1067H01M8/1072H01M10/0565H01M8/106Y02P70/50Y02E60/50Y02E60/10H01M50/44H01M50/403H01M50/414H01M50/497
Inventor ELLIOTT, BRIANNGUYEN, VINH
Owner TDA RES
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