Ferrite as three-way catalyst for treatment of exhaust gas from vehicle engine

a technology of ferrite and exhaust gas, which is applied in the direction of machines/engines, mechanical equipment, separation processes, etc., can solve the problems of inability to meet environmental requirements, fuel component and engine combustion design already reach the limit, and can't meet the serious air pollution, etc., to achieve the effect of wide temperature range, optimal catalytic effect and effective acceleration of scr reaction

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-04-05
NAT KAOHSIUNG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0014]The diesel engine is a fuel-lean combustion system so that exhaust gas from the diesel engine has excess oxygen. Urea solution, ammonia, hydrogen or other selective reductant is required to inject into the engine for SCR reaction and further removal of mono-nitrogen oxides. According to research results of the inventor, it is found that various kinds of ferrite including Cu-ferrite, Mn-ferrite etc. can accelerate SCR reaction effectively within a wide temperature range 50° C.-400° C. The ferrite of the present invention features on low temperature starting, wide temperature range for optimal catalytic effect and improved NOX removal efficiency compared with conventional techniques. Moreover, the ferrite has catalytic activity for the oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons as mentioned above. The ferrite of the present invention can be applied to a three-way catalyst for removal of exhaust gas from the diesel engine.
[0015]Without using noble metals such as palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), etc, the three-way catalyst made from ferrite has advantage of lower cost. Moreover, the SCR reaction is initiated at the temperature as low as 50° C. while dealing with exhaust gas from the diesel engine. The effective operating temperature range of the ferrite catalyst is ranging from 50° C. to 400° C., which covers the varying temperature range of the exhaust gas from the vehicle engine. Thus the removal efficiency of mono-nitrogen oxides (NOX) is significantly improved.

Problems solved by technology

Mono-nitrogen oxides (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbons (HC) emitted from vehicles cause serious air pollution.
In recent decades, both the modification on fuel component and the engine combustion design already reach the limit yet can't satisfy the environmental requirement.
Thus the conventional catalysts are unable to provide optimal performance for removal of NOX under different conditions from cold starting to high speed running.
Moreover, the noble metal catalyst is quite expensive owing to the noble metals with low production and high cost.
This has negative effect on management of air pollution.

Method used

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  • Ferrite as three-way catalyst for treatment of exhaust gas from vehicle engine

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

embodiment one

u-Ferrite (Cu:Fe=1:2.5)

[0030]A method for preparing Cu-ferrite is provided in this embodiment.

[0031]Weight CuSO4 and FeSO4 accurately according to the molar ratio required (Cu2+:Fe2+=1:2.5). Place them into the reactor and add 1 L deionized water with stirring to dissolve CuSO4 and FeSO4 completely. Add 6N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) into the solution and adjust the pH of the solution to 9.5. Then heat the solution to 85° C. After the temperature and the pH value becoming stable, introduce air into the solution at 3 L / min volumetric flow rate. Maintain the reaction condition until oxidation reduction potential (ORP) meter readings turn and increase rapidly. A solid crude product, Cu-ferrite, is obtained.

embodiment two

n-Ferrite (Mn:Fe=1:2.5)

[0032]A method for preparing Mn-ferrite is provided in this embodiment.

[0033]Weight MnSO4, FeCl2 and FeCl3 accurately according to the molar ratio required (Mn2+:Fe2+:Fe3+=1:0.167:2.333). Place them into the reactor and add 1 L deionized water with stirring to dissolve CuSO4, FeCl2 and FeCl3 completely. Heat the solution to 80° C. in a water bath. Then introduce nitrogen gas into the solution for 5 minutes and add ammonium hydroxide into the solution to make the metals precipitate completely. Keep stirring and heating the solution for 2 hours to get a solid crude product, Mn-ferrite.

[0034]Refer to FIG. 1, the solid crude product is separated, dried, ground and sieved to get copper ferrite powder. The copper ferrite powder is observed by scanning electron microscope at 30000× magnification and each particle of the catalyst is formed by a plurality of nanoparticles with different sizes.

embodiment three

ficiency of Ferrite for Removal of Carbon Monoxide at Low Oxygen Concentration

[0035]Refer to FIG. 2, Cu-ferrite catalyst can completely convert CO to CO2 for removal of CO at the temperature lower than 160° C. under the condition that the oxygen concentration is only 1%.

Embodiment Four: Discussion of Efficiency of Ferrite for Removal of Hydrocarbons at Low Oxygen Concentration

[0036]Refer to FIG. 3, Cu-ferrite catalyst can still remove hydrocarbons clearly at the temperature lower than 270 t under the condition that the oxygen concentration is only 1%.

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Abstract

A kind of ferrite used as a three-way catalyst for treatment of exhaust gas from vehicle engines is revealed. Mono-nitrogen oxides (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC) in exhaust gas from vehicle engines can be removed effectively by the three-way catalyst made from ferrite containing at least one substitutional metal.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONField of the Invention[0001]The present invention relates to a catalyst for treatment of exhaust gas from vehicle engines, especially to a three-way catalyst made from ferrite and used for effective treatment of exhaust gas from vehicle engines so as to overcome the high cost problem of a conventional catalytic converter caused by noble metal catalyst and improve removal efficiency of mono-nitrogen oxides (NOX).Descriptions of Related Art[0002]Mono-nitrogen oxides (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbons (HC) emitted from vehicles cause serious air pollution. Thus various countries worldwide have made regulations related to pollution and set emission standards. In recent decades, both the modification on fuel component and the engine combustion design already reach the limit yet can't satisfy the environmental requirement. The only feasible technique available now is the catalytic converter added in the exhaust pipe of vehicles. A kind of catalyst in ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): F01N3/10F01N3/20
CPCF01N3/101F01N3/2066F01N2370/02F01N2330/02F01N2570/10F01N2570/12F01N2610/02F01N2570/14B01D53/945B01D2255/2073B01D2255/20738B01D2255/20761B01D2255/50B01D2258/012F01N3/2828F01N3/30F01N13/0097F01N2330/06Y02A50/20Y02T10/12
Inventor CHANG, CHIEN-KUEIHSU, CHAO-MINGTU, YAO-JEN
Owner NAT KAOHSIUNG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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