Use of a duplex steel alloy
A duplex stainless steel and alloy technology, applied in the field of stainless steel alloys, can solve problems such as microstructure imbalance, and achieve good thermal processing performance and good machinability
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Embodiment 1
[0048] The test specimens for this example were produced by casting an ingot weighing 170 kg in the laboratory and subsequently hot forging it into a round bar. They were hot extruded into bars (flat bars as well as round bars) from which the test material was selected. In addition, the flat bars were annealed prior to cold rolling and subsequently other experimental materials were obtained. From a materials engineering point of view, the process can be taken as representative of larger-scale fabrication, such as the production of stainless steel tubes by extrusion followed by cold rolling. Table 1 shows the composition of the first experimental samples.
[0049] Table 1 Experimental sample composition, wt%
[0050] C
mn
Cr
Ni
Mo
W
co
N
605193
1.03
27.90
8.80
4.00
0.01
0.02
0.36
605195
0.97
27.90
9.80
4.00
0.01
0.97
0.48
...
Embodiment 2
[0071] In the following examples, the composition of other test samples produced in order to find the optimal composition is given. These samples were varied starting from the properties of the samples with good structural stability and high corrosion resistance from the results shown in the examples. All samples in Table 7 include the components described in the present invention, wherein the samples numbered as No. 1-8 only include the statistical test mode, and the samples numbered as e-n have added the components described in the present invention. alloy.
[0072] The sample is obtained from a 270kg steel ingot by casting and hot forging into round steel. Test specimens were selected by extruding these round bars into bars. The bars are then annealed before being cold rolled into flat bars, after which material is selected for further testing. Table 7 shows the composition of these test samples.
[0073] Table 7
[0074] sample
mn
Cr
Ni
Mo...
Embodiment 3
[0105] The petroleum refining process is very complex and includes many steps, where non-hydrocarbons such as inorganic chlorides cause substantial corrosion problems. Besides Na-, Mg and Ca-chlorides, crude oil also contains different kinds of salts. Inorganic salt MgCl 2 and CaCl 2 The most dangerous because of the hydrolysis of inorganic salts during heating to produce hydrochloric acid (HCl). In refinery equipment in refineries, hydrochloric acid can condense on material used in overhead condensers. The formation of hydrochloric acid can lead to serious corrosion problems, especially in combination with solid salts present on material surfaces, which also occur frequently. Corrosion problems in overhead condensers in refineries involve general corrosion, pitting corrosion, and crevice corrosion.
[0106] In some production facilities, it is the cooling water rather than the process fluid that causes corrosion problems. The chloride content in cooling water can vary fr...
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Abstract
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