Method for preparing polyether polyol from plant oil

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for preparing polyether polyol with vegetable oil owing to the defects of low molecular weight of present polyether polyol and the like, the invention comprises the following procedures: epoxiding the vegetable oil; hydroxylating the vegetable oil; polymerizing the hydroxylated vegetable oil and the epoxidised vegetable oil; neutralizing and deacidifying the product; dewatering in the vacuum-relieving condition; charging the refined agent in order to remove the accelerant; hydrotreating; acquiring 50-120mgKOH / g hydroxyl value vegetable oil group soft bubble and elastic body polyether polyol. The invention has the advantages of easy-getting material, strongly adjustable degree of functionality, narrow distribution of the molecular weight and high activity, which can prepare the product with the degree of functionality, can acquire the cheap material easily, can regenerate and is a environment-friendly product of dynamic optimization, and the technology has strong convergent, low environmental pollution and high product recovery rate, which can improve 'the green content' of polyurethane soft bubble. The product can be applied in polyurethane soft bubble material, elastic body and the like.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a polymer polymerization method, in particular to a method for preparing soft foam and elastomer polyether polyol with vegetable oil. Background technique

[0002] The existing technologies are:

[0003] 1. Transesterification of vegetable oil and small molecule alcohol into hard foam vegetable oil polyether polyol;

[0004] This technology can only produce vegetable oil rigid foam polyether polyols with a hydroxyl value of 180-700mgKOH / g, that is, a molecular weight of about 300-600, and the application range is very narrow.

[0005] 2. Vegetable oil is hydroxylated and polymerized with propylene oxide to obtain polyether polyol;

[0006] The main advantage of this technology is that it can synthesize polyether polyols with a hydroxyl value of 30-120mgKOH / g, that is, polyether polyols with a molecular weight of about 1000-5000. Propane accounts for 40%-80% of the weight of the finished product, so it cannot be called vegeta...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0057] Embodiment 1 (embodiment 1-4 is step A) product)

[0058] Add 500g of soybean oil and 20g of 80% formic acid into a 1L glass kettle, stir for 10 minutes, add 50g of 30% hydrogen peroxide dropwise, the molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to soybean oil is 0.80, and the molar ratio of catalyst carboxylic acid to soybean oil It was 0.64, reacted at 40-45°C for 5 hours, allowed to stand and separated into layers to separate the acid water, washed twice, decompressed and vacuumed, and the moisture was less than 0.10%, to obtain epoxidized vegetable oil, and the epoxy value of the product was detected to be 2.7% , this product is ring A.

Embodiment 2

[0060] 500g of rapeseed oil will be added in a 1L glass kettle, with 30g of 80% formic acid and 10g of 50% sulfuric acid, stirred for 10 minutes, and 52g of 30% hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise. The molar ratio is 0.85, the molar ratio of catalyst carboxylic acid to rapeseed oil is 0.95, react at 50-60°C for 6 hours, stand and separate the acid water by layering, wash twice, decompress and vacuum, and the moisture is less than 0.10%, to obtain Epoxidized vegetable oil, obtains epoxidized vegetable oil, detects that the epoxy value of product is 3.5%, and this product is ring B.

Embodiment 3

[0062] Add 500g of corn oil to a 1L glass kettle, use 30g of 80% acetic acid, 10g of 50% sulfuric acid, stir for 10 minutes, add 45g of 30% hydrogen peroxide dropwise, the molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to corn oil 0.72, the molar ratio of catalyst carboxylic acid to corn oil is 0.73, react at 45-55°C for 5 hours, stand and separate the acid water, wash twice, decompress and vacuum, the moisture is less than 0.10%, and the epoxidized Vegetable oil, the epoxy value of product detected is 3.1%, and this product is ring C.

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a polymer polymerization method, in particular to a method for preparing soft foam and elastomer polyether polyol with vegetable oil. Background technique

[0002] The existing technologies are:

[0003] 1. Transesterification of vegetable oil and small molecule alcohol into hard foam vegetable oil polyether polyol;

[0004] This technology can only produce vegetable oil rigid foam polyether polyols with a hydroxyl value of 180-700mgKOH / g, that is, a molecular weight of about 300-600, and the application range is very narrow.

[0005] 2. Vegetable oil is hydroxylated and polymerized with propylene oxide to obtain polyether polyol;

[0006] The main advantage of this technology is that it can synthesize polyether polyols with a hydroxyl value of 30-120mgKOH / g, that is, polyether polyols with a molecular weight of about 1000-5000. Propane accounts for 40%-80% of the weight of the finished product, so it cannot be called vegeta...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0057] Embodiment 1 (embodiment 1-4 is step A) product)

[0058] Add 500g of soybean oil and 20g of 80% formic acid into a 1L glass kettle, stir for 10 minutes, add 50g of 30% hydrogen peroxide dropwise, the molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to soybean oil is 0.80, and the molar ratio of catalyst carboxylic acid to soybean oil It was 0.64, reacted at 40-45°C for 5 hours, allowed to stand and separated into layers to separate the acid water, washed twice, decompressed and vacuumed, and the moisture was less than 0.10%, to obtain epoxidized vegetable oil, and the epoxy value of the product was detected to be 2.7% , this product is ring A.

Embodiment 2

[0060] 500g of rapeseed oil will be added in a 1L glass kettle, with 30g of 80% formic acid and 10g of 50% sulfuric acid, stirred for 10 minutes, and 52g of 30% hydrogen peroxide is added dropwise. The molar ratio is 0.85, the molar ratio of catalyst carboxylic acid to rapeseed oil is 0.95, react at 50-60°C for 6 hours, stand and separate the acid water by layering, wash twice, decompress and vacuum, and the moisture is less than 0.10%, to obtain Epoxidized vegetable oil, obtains epoxidized vegetable oil, detects that the epoxy value of product is 3.5%, and this product is ring B.

Embodiment 3

[0062] Add 500g of corn oil to a 1L glass kettle, use 30g of 80% acetic acid, 10g of 50% sulfuric acid, stir for 10 minutes, add 45g of 30% hydrogen peroxide dropwise, the molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to corn oil 0.72, the molar ratio of catalyst carboxylic acid to corn oil is 0.73, react at 45-55°C for 5 hours, stand and separate the acid water, wash twice, decompress and vacuum, the moisture is less than 0.10%, and the epoxidized Vegetable oil, the epoxy value of product detected is 3.1%, and this product is ring C.

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