Method for preparing polyester micro/nano-fibre non-woven material

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of polyolefin micro / nano fiber non-woven material. The preparation method comprises the procedures that (1) high polymer and cellulose ester are mixed in the mass ratio of 1:2.3 to 20; then the high polymer and the cellulose ester undergo the process of melt spinning by a double-screw extruder; and the high polymer and the cellulose ester are winded at the winding speed of 300 to 800m / min to form the multi-component fiber of the polyester / cellulose ester that is scattered at a micro / nano scale in a cellulose ester substrate; (2) the cellulose ester in the multi-component fiber of polyester / cellulose ester is removed by acetone solution to acquire the micro / nano fiber aggregate of the high polymer with continuous thermo-plasticity; the fiber aggregate is carded by a carding machine; a net is crosswise made to form a fluffy fiber net; and after being strengthened and molded by aqua tex, pinpricking or thermo-compression, the non-weaving material is made. The preparation method has the characteristics that the method is efficient, controllable and environment-friendly and has high added value. In addition, the preparation method facilitates mass-production and the acquired polyolefin micro / nano fiber non-woven material non-weaving material has an outstanding effect on filtration absorption.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of preparation of nonwoven materials, in particular to a preparation method of polyester micro / nano fiber nonwoven materials. Background technique [0002] Among the many new chemical fiber products, microfiber products are popular in the international market due to their unique properties. Major companies in the world are competing to develop and launch new products. The market for microfibers is increasingly optimistic. At the same time, microfibers have been successfully applied to non-woven material products, which has greatly improved the quality of non-woven materials and expanded the application fields of non-woven materials. Non-woven materials made of superfine fibers have the following characteristics: ① small fiber diameter, small bending stiffness, and extremely soft hand feeling; ② large specific surface area of ​​fibers, enhanced adsorption, improved detergency, and strong cleaning and filtering function...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, these methods generally have problems such as low output, large equipment investment, and limited fiber fineness.

For example, the post-stretching process control of the super-stretching method is unstable, the equipment yield is low, and it is difficult to adapt to large-scale production

Two-component composite spinning mainly includes two "sea-island" spinning methods of "fixed island" and "indeterminate island". Polyester microfibers have been prepared by using the "fixed island" and "indeterminate island" methods. However, it is difficult to recycle when the matrix components are dissolved, and the discharge will pollute the environment. Moreover, when the "fixed island" type spinning is used, the structure of the spinning components is complicated, the processing is difficult, and the investment in equipment is large.

The most commonly used methods of direct spinning are electrospinning and melt blowing, but the efficiency of electrospinning is low, and it is mainly aimed at solution systems; while the melt blowing method only obtains ultrafine fibers of micron and ultramicron sizes, etc.

The above-mentioned problems have greatly affected the research and development of polyester microfiber nonwoven materials.