On-line laser machining apparatus for strengthening and toughening treatment of steel rail surface

Abstract

The invention discloses an on-line laser processing equipment used for strengthening and toughening of the surface of a steel rail, comprising a laser processing lathe and a power system container. The laser processing lathe comprises a motion actuating mechanism, a laser processing head and / or a control system and a powder feeder which are arranged on a moving cart; and the power system container comprises a power generator, a refrigerator, an air compressor, a cool drying machine and a high-voltage power supply of a laser which are arranged in the container. The laser processing head can be arranged on the motion actuating mechanism and is directly connected with the laser or connected with the laser by a light-guiding system. The invention can complete the laser surface quenching, fused quenching, alloying and cladding treatment of various steel rails which comprises a stock rail, a curve, a guide rail, a switch and the like under the premise that the steel rail is not dismounted and the normal running of trains, thus leading the wear resistance of the processed steel rail to be improved greatly and having the characteristics of simple assembly and disassembly, high processing precision and simple operation and control.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technology of surface strengthening and repairing, and relates to an online laser processing equipment for strengthening and repairing the surface of rails, and is especially suitable for the strengthening and toughening of rails on railways, subways and light rails. Background technique [0002] With the increase of train speed, capacity and axle load, the rate of rail failure due to wear is getting faster and faster, and train derailment accidents caused by rail damage occur from time to time. The direct cost of replacing and repairing damaged steel rails in our country amounts to billions of yuan every year. [0003] High-speed and heavy-duty trains have higher requirements for train running stability and safety, and better wear resistance and longer service life of steel rails are one of the key factors. For ordinary railway lines, rail damage mainly manifests as hole cracks, vertical and horizontal cracks on the rail ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the main disadvantage of the full-length quenching technology is that martensite or even bainite structure cannot appear on the surface of the rail, otherwise the fracture toughness of the rail will be greatly reduced, resulting in accidents such as rail breakage during the service process, seriously Affect the safe operation of the railway

[0009] First, the delivery vehicles of lasers, refrigerators, processing devices and other equipment are remade from railcars and carriages, which are heavy and bulky and can only move along the railway line, occupying the track

Therefore, it is difficult for this equipment to effectively avoid passing vehicles during the laser toughening treatment of the rail surface, and it cannot meet the processing requirements for laser toughening of the rail surface under normal operating conditions of the main railway line.

[0010] Second, the device uses high power CO 2 laser as light source, either cross-flow CO 2 The laser is still a fast axial flow laser, its photoelectric conversion efficiency is relatively low, bulky, heavy, and consumes a lot of energy

plus CO 2 The laser has high requirements on the stability of the optical cavity, so the tractor and repair vehicle must have good shock resistance, and anti-vibration devices must be added, which further increases the weight of the equipment

[0011] Third, CO 2 The wavelength of the laser is 10.6 microns, and the absorption rate of the metal substrate is very low, so it is necessary to spray light-absorbing paint to obtain better results

Not only increases the laser processing process, but also requires paint spraying, drying and cleaning equipment, which also makes the weight and volume of the entire laser maintenance equipment larger

[0012] Fourth, the adopted CO 2 The laser light guide system is complex, and only the flying optical path can be used and mechanically fastened. The vibration generated during the operation of the laser repair vehicle will inevitably affect the precision of the optical path and reduce the long-term stability of the laser processing process;

[0013] Fifth, the entire laser processing equipment needs to be driven by a high-horsepower diesel engine, which consumes a lot of energy, has a large volume, and the cost of the equipment is also quite expensive

Even if the power line along the electrified line is used, there are various disadvantages such as complicated connection and disconnection operation procedures, and poor applicability

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