Process for recovering valuable metals in bismuth-containing material by selective chloride volatilizing method

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for recovering valuable metals in a bismuth-containing material by a selective chloride volatilizing method, and belongs to the technical field of colored metallurgy. The process comprises the following steps of: mixing bismuth-containing powder prepared from the bismuth-containing material, calcium chloride, sodium chloride and water in a ratio of 100:3-6:5-8:7-9, and pelletizing the mixture to obtain dry material balls; carrying out chlorination and volatilization roasting to the dry material balls in a chloridizing volatilization furnace at a temperature of between 600 and 900 DEG C, and desilvering a silver-rich chloride slag after roasting; condensing and absorbing chloride steam generated by the roasting by water or a thin hydrochloric acid solution to obtain a recovery solution; adding bismuth powder in the recovery solution to displace, and obtaining sponge gold powder by filtration; then introducing ammonia and water into a filtrate for hydrolysis to obtain a bismuth chloride oxide, and carrying out de-bismuth further process to the bismuth chloride oxide; adding Na2Co3 in a raffinate to precipitate tellurium to obtain tellurium dioxide; adding a lime cream in a later filtrate generated by the tellurium precipitation and filtration, and stirring and filtering the mixture to obtain basic zinc carbonate; and finally, evaporating and concentrating the filtrate into a concentrated solution to return for mixture pelletizing. The method has the advantages of low requirement on the processed bismuth-containing material, strong adaptability, low cost, simple operation, high recovery rate and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy, in particular to a process for recovering valuable metals in bismuth-containing materials by selective chlorination and volatilization. Background technique [0002] Bismuth metal has a series of unique physical and chemical properties and enjoys the reputation of "green metal". It is widely used in medicine, fine chemical industry, semiconductor, superconductor, flame retardant, pigment, cosmetic, chemical reagent, electronic ceramics, fusible alloy, metallurgy Additives etc. With the continuous expansion of the application field of bismuth products, the annual consumption of bismuth in the world has also increased by 15% year by year, from more than 4,000 tons in the 1990s to more than 12,000 tons in 2007. But the world's bismuth resources are very scarce. my country's bismuth resources are mainly located in Chenzhou, Hunan, Lianzhou, Guangdong, and Ganzhou, Jiangxi. And there ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] Most of the above-mentioned technical processes use acid leaching, replacement, neutralization and hydrolysis combined with pyrometallurgy to separate and purify various valuable metals. In order to produce the expected effect, it is not universally applicable to bismuth-containing materials of different properties, especially for silver-zinc slag

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