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A method for preparing small-sized silicon carbide or silicon nitride nanoparticles from waste plastics

A nanoparticle and silicon carbide technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, nitrogen compounds, nanotechnology, etc., can solve the problems of high price and difficulty of using raw materials, and achieve the effects of low production cost, simple equipment and simple process flow

Active Publication Date: 2012-02-15
SHANXI INST OF COAL CHEM CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] At present, the existing silicon carbide and silicon nitride patented preparation technologies generally have strict requirements on reaction equipment, such as Chinese patents (application number: CN 10121857), which require vacuum and high-pressure reactors, and the raw materials used are expensive and difficult to obtain (such as application number: In CN 10045575, sodium azide is used as nitrogen source)

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0017] 1. Carbonize a certain amount of cleaned mineral water bottles at 600°C for 5 hours under an argon atmosphere to obtain a certain amount of carbonized products.

[0018] 2. Dissolve 0.1g of ferric nitrate in 20ml of distilled water, add 2g of silicon dioxide at the same time, impregnate at 50°C. 8 g of the carbonized product obtained in the previous step were uniformly mixed with this silicon dioxide.

[0019] 3. After reacting the mixture at a constant temperature of 1100° C. for 20 hours under an argon atmosphere, it was naturally cooled to room temperature.

[0020] 4. The obtained reaction product was roasted in air at 600°C for 5 hours, then acid-washed with HCl and HF mixed acid with a volume ratio of 1:1 for 48 hours, and finally washed with water, filtered, and dried to obtain silicon carbide particles with a size of 10-30nm .

Embodiment 2

[0022] 1. Carbonize a certain amount of cleaned lunch boxes in an argon atmosphere at 700°C for 4 hours to obtain a certain amount of carbonized products.

[0023] 2. Dissolve 0.2 g of ferric nitrate in 30 ml of distilled water, add 3 g of silicon dioxide at the same time, and impregnate at 60°C. 0.9 g of the carbonized product obtained in the previous step was uniformly mixed with this silica.

[0024] 3. After the mixture was reacted at a constant temperature of 1200° C. for 10 hours under an argon atmosphere, it was naturally cooled to room temperature.

[0025] 4. The obtained reaction product was roasted in air at 700°C for 4 hours, then acid-washed with HCl and HF mixed acid with a volume ratio of 1:2 for 36 hours, and finally washed with water, filtered and dried to obtain silicon carbide particles with a size of 10-50nm .

Embodiment 3

[0027] 1. Carbonize a certain amount of cleaned mineral water bottle in an argon atmosphere at 800°C for 3 hours to obtain a certain amount of carbonized product

[0028] 2. Dissolve 0.2 g of ferric nitrate in 30 ml of distilled water, add 3 g of silicon dioxide at the same time, and impregnate at 70°C. 4 g of the carbonized product obtained in the previous step was uniformly mixed with this silica.

[0029] 3. After reacting the mixture at a constant temperature of 1300° C. for 8 hours under an argon atmosphere, it was naturally cooled to room temperature.

[0030] 4. The obtained reaction product was roasted in air at 800°C for 3 hours, then acid-washed with HCl and HF mixed acid with a volume ratio of 1:3 for 24 hours, and finally washed with water, filtered and dried to obtain silicon carbide particles with a size between 10-50nm .

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Abstract

A method for preparing small-sized silicon carbide or silicon nitride nanoparticles from waste plastics is to carbonize the cleaned waste plastics under an argon atmosphere to obtain carbonized products; soak silicon dioxide in ferric nitrate solution and heat to 50~80℃, until the solvent is evaporated to dryness, and then grind and mix with the carbonized product to obtain a mixture. The mixture is subjected to a carbothermal reduction reaction under an argon or nitrogen atmosphere, and after the reaction, it is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a primary reaction product; in air Roast at 600-800°C to remove unreacted carbon; soak the reaction product in a mixed acid of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid to remove ferric nitrate and silicon dioxide, then wash with water, filter, and dry to finally obtain silicon carbide or silicon nitride nanoparticles Material. The invention has the advantages of simple required equipment, safe operation, simple technological process, low production cost, short production cycle and high product purity.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to a non-oxide nanometer material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a preparation method of using waste plastics as raw materials to synthesize small-sized silicon carbide or silicon nitride nanometer particles. Background technique [0002] Waste plastics, that is, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and other polymer products such as plastic bags, plastic bottles, etc., are discarded solid waste after use. Because these plastic wastes are difficult to degrade, they not only pollute soil and water sources, pose a threat to human health and animal survival, but also cause visual pollution, affecting the appearance of cities and natural environments. How to use these wastes to turn them into treasures is a very meaningful research topic. [0003] Silicon carbide (SiC) has important application value in high-power, high-temperature-resistant and radiation-resistant devices due to its characteristics of w...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B31/36C01B21/068B82B3/00
Inventor 郭向云孟帅靳国强闫晓燕王英勇
Owner SHANXI INST OF COAL CHEM CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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